| |||||||||||||||
Items in cart [0]
| [ Top of Page ] [ Home ] [ Contact Us ] [ Help ] [ The National Academies Home ] | ||
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page R1
EXPLORING ~ VlS10h
INTEGRATING KNOWLEDGE FOR
FOOD AND HEALTH
A WORKSHOP SUMMARY
By
Tina 1. Rouse and Debra P. Davis
Planning Group for a Workshop on Exploring a Vision:
Integrating Knowledge for Food and Health
Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources
Division on Earth and Life Studies
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu
OCR for page R2
NATIONALACADEMY PRESS 500 Fifth Street,NW Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this summary was approved by the
Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn
from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy
of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee
responsible for the summary were chosen for their special competences and with
regard for appropriate balance.
This workshop was supported by the following Agreement Numbers between
the National Academy of Sciences and the Kellogg Foundation (P0103344), the
National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges, the U.S.
Department of Agriculture/Cooperative State Research, Education, and
Extension Service (2003-38840-01600), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(229-01-2460), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (X3-83113101~.
Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this
publication are those of the authoress and do not necessarily reflect the views of
the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number 0-309-09057-1 (Book)
International Standard Book Number 0-309-52705-8 (PDF)
Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies
Press, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, D.C. 20055; (800)
624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet,
http://www.nap.edu
Copyright 2004 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
OCR for page R3
TOE N~l0N~L ~:ADI~Il;
AdVibe~ id the Pawn on Sierra EM eerily, and Me—e
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of
distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance
of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the
charter granted it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the
federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the
National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National
Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its
administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences
the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also
sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and
research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of
the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure
the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters
pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the
National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal
government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education.
Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to
associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of
furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with
general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating
agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in
providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities.
The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce
M. Alberts and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National
Research Council.
OCR for page R4
OCR for page R5
PLANNING GROUP FOR A WORKSHOP ON
EXPLORING A VISION:
INTEGRATING KNOWLEDGE FOR
FOOD AND HEALTH
W. R. GOMES (Chair), University of California, Oakland
CHARLES J. ARNTZEN, Arizona State University, Tempe
CORRIE BROWN, University of Georgia, Athens
BARBARA SCHNEEMAN, University of California, Davis
L. DENNIS SMITH, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
Science Writer
Debra Davis, Alexandria, Virginia
STAFF
Tina I. Rouse, Study Director
Tanja Pilzak, Research Assistant
Cindy Lochhead, Project Assistant (through 9/039
Sarah Rasmussen, Project Assistant Prom 10/039
Norman Grossblatt, Senior Editor
v
OCR for page R6
BOARD ON
AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES
MAY BERENBAUM, Chair University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
SANDRA BARTHOLMEY, Univesity of Illinois, Chicago
DEBORAH BLUM, University of Wisconsin, Madison
H. H. CHENG, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
BARBARA P. GLENN, Biotechnology Industry Organization, Washington, DC
LINDA F. GOLODNER, National Consumers League, Washington, DC
W. R. (REG) GOMES, University of California, Oakland
PERRY R. HAGENSTEIN, Institute for Forest Analysis, Planning, and Policy,
Wayland, Massachusetts
JANET C. KING, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Center, California
DANIEL P. LOUCKS, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
WHITNEY MACMILLAN, Cargill, Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota
TERRY L. MEDLEY, DuPont Agriculture and Nutrition, Wilmington, Delaware
OLE NIELSEN, Ontario Veterinary College, Canada
ALICE N. PELL, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
BOBBY PHILLS, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee
SHARRON S. QUISENBERRY, Virgnia Polytechnic Institute and State University
SONYA B. SALAMON, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
G. EDWARD SCHUH, Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, Minneapolis, Minnesota
BRIAN J. STASKAWICZ, University of California, Berkeley
JACK WARD THOMAS, University of Montana, Missoula
JAMES H. TUMLINSON, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
B. L. TURNER, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts
STAFF
Charlotte Kirk Baer, Director
Karen L. Imhof, Administrative Assistant Prom 11/039
Donna Lee Jameison, Administrative Assistant (through 10/039
V1
OCR for page R7
Preface
On June 9, 2003, the Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources of the National
Academies' Division on Earth and Life Studies held a workshop entitled "Exploring a
Vision: Integrating Knowledge for Food and Health." The workshop's purpose was to
provide a neutral forum for open communication among scientists, administrators, policy-
makers, and others engaged in the agriculture and health systems. It was hoped this
would foster discussion of imaginative approaches to more effectively address the public-
health challenges that are changing the nature of the nation's agricultural system. The
workshop was sponsored by the Kellogg Foundation, the National Association of State
Universities and Land-Grant Colleges, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Cooperative
State Research, Education, and Extension Service, the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
A planning group assisted National Academies' staff in developing the workshop. It
consisted of W. R. Gomes (chair), University of California; Corrie Brown, University of
Georgia; L. Dennis Smith, University of Nebraska; Charles J. Arntzen, Arizona State
University; and Barbara Schneeman, University of California, Davis. The planning
group suggested topics and speakers and provided comments on the drafts of the
workshop agenda; they did not participate in the preparation of this workshop summary.
This summary has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse
perspectives and technical expertise in accordance with procedures approved by the
National Research Council's Report Review Committee. The purpose of this
. .
V11
OCR for page R8
. . .
V111
PREFACE
independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the
institution in making its published summary as sound as possible and to ensure that the
summary meets institutional standards of objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the
workshop charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to
protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following for their review of
this report: W. R. Gomes of the University of California; Arthur Liang of the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention; Gilbert Leveille of Cargill, Inc.; Carla Carlson of the
University of Minnesota; Clinton Bristow, Jr., of Alcorn State University; Judith S. Stern
of the University of California, Davis; Diane Bellis of the United Soybean Board; and
Leigh Sawyer of the National Institutes of Health.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and
suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations offered
by the speakers, nor did they see the final draft of the summary before its release. The
review of this summary was overseen by Dr. Michael Doyle of the University of Georgia.
Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible for making certain that
an independent examination of this summary was carried out in accordance with
institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered.
Responsibility for the final content of this summary rests entirely with the authors and the
institution.
OCR for page R9
Contents
INTRODUCTION 1
Structure of the Meeting .............................................................................................
Workshop Summary 10
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES ON FOOD AND HEALTH
Government Programs and the Hunger-Obesity Equation
Integrated Research and Collaboration 18
HHS Food- and Health-Related Activities 21
INTEGRATIVE RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE FOR FOOD, AGRICULTURE,
AND HEALTH 23
23
28
30
32
6
Model University Programs in Food-Health Integration..
Food-Health Integration in a Private Enterprise..........
A Model for Integrating Two Disciplines....................
Opportunities and Obstacles ............
4 CHALLENGES FACED AND MET IN RESEARCH ON FOOD AND HEALTH 35
Research Endeavors Involving Food 35
Solutions to Food-Related Health Problems 43
5 BREAKOUT GROUP DISCUSSIONS 45
1X
OCR for page R10
x
EXPLORING A VISION
Institutional Infrastructure 46
Incentives 47
Producer and Public Involvement 48
Examples 48
6 SUMMARY 55
APPENDICES
A AGENDA.................................................................................................................
B SPEAKER BIOGRAPHIES
.59
63
BOARD ON AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES PUBLICATIONS 77
TEXT BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLES
Box 2-1. Cost of the Food Guide Pyramid 16
Box 2-2. Consumer Information: Clear or Confusing? 17
Box 2-3. Healthier US Initiative 22
Box 3-1. General Mills Healthy Eating Programs 29
Box 3-2. Biomedical Engineering Educational Summit - Whitaker Foundation 31
Box 4-1. Quality Protein Maize (QPM) 38
Figure 1-1. Daily calorie consumption in the United States, 1910-2000.........................
Figure 1-2. Trends in diet and activity levels in the United States...................................
Figure 2-1. Trends in U.S. Obesity Rates in U.S. Adults, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 2001.14
Figure 2-2. Recommended vs. actual American diets 19
Figure 3-1. The Cornell Model of Integration and Application 26
Figure 3-2. Overlapping and Interfacing Disciplines in Nutrition at Cornell University27
Table 1-1. Percentages of adults in the United States who are obese, by gender, age,
race, education, and smoking status, based on Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System data 4
Table 1-2. NRI Funding Allocations, FY 2001 7
OCR for page R11
Statement of Task
A steering committee will convene a one-day meeting to bring together leaders of
relevant programs from a wide range of scientific disciplines, public and private
organizations, and global perspectives to explore current education and research efforts
regarding the food supply and its impact on public health. The meeting will provide a
neutral forum for open communication among scientists, administrators, policy-makers,
and others engaged in the agriculture and health systems, which have become
inextricably linked. The goals of the meeting will be to illuminate issues not resolve
them and to foster discussion of imaginative approaches to more effectively address the
public health challenges that are changing the nature and impact of the nation's
agricultural system. During the meeting, participants will identify areas of research and
education gaps in the current system, explore areas of opportunity for collaboration, and
discuss potential actions that can improve integration of agriculture and health sciences
for societal benefit. The meeting participants will consider ways to enhance the efforts of
relevant federal agencies within and outside the federal system, clarify areas where joint
efforts can lead to greater advances, and discuss mechanisms to enhance investment of
limited financial and human resources in programs of importance to the integration of the
nation's food system with its health system.
X1
OCR for page R12