Description
terrorism collection homeland security collection This broad-ranging collection spans the scope of potential threats and addresses strategies for securing our nation. With 75 of the best books offering analysis and recommendations to the security community, this mix of hardcover and paperbacks, from the most respected names in the field, will have something of interest for everyone in your department. Making the Nation Safer: The Role of Science and Technology in Countering Terrorism (2002) Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309084814, 440 pp. Vulnerabilities abound in U.S. society. The openness and efficiency of our key infrastructures transportation, information and telecommunications systems, health systems, the electric power grid, emergency response units, food and water supplies, and others make them susceptible to terrorist attacks. Making the Nation Safer discusses technical approaches to mitigating these vulnerabilities. Unconquerable Nation: Knowing Our Enemy, Strengthening Ourselves (2006) Brian Michael Jenkins RAND, 0833038915, 254 pp. The author presents a clear-sighted and sobering analysis of where we are today in the struggle against terrorism. Jenkins, an internationally renowned authority on terrorism, distills the jihadists' operational code and outlines a pragmatic but principled approach to defeating the terrorist enterprise. We need to build upon our traditions of determination and self-reliance, he argues, and above all, preserve our commitment to American values. Protecting the Homeland 2006/2007 (2006) Michael d'Arcy, Michael O'Hanlon, Peter Orszag, Jeremy Shapiro, and James Steinberg Brookings Institution Press, 0-8157-6459-6, 212 pp. In Protecting the Homeland 2006/2007, Brookings foreign policy experts analyze current homeland security concerns and the adequacy (or inadequacy) of current policies designed to address them. The authors make specific recommendations on intelligence reform, science and technology policy and the protection of critical infrastructure within the United States. Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism (2004) Committee on Research Standards and Practices to Prevent the Destructive Application of Biotechnology, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309089778, 164 pp. In recent years much has happened to justify an examination of biological research in light of national security concerns. The destructive application of biotechnology research includes activities such as spreading common pathogens or transforming them into even more lethal forms. Policymakers and the scientific community at large must put forth a vigorous and immediate response to this challenge. This new book by the National Research Council recommends that the government expand existing regulations and rely on self-governance by scientists rather than adopt intrusive new policies. One key recommendation of the report is that the government should not attempt to regulate scientific publishing but should trust scientists and journals to screen their papers for security risks, a task some journals have already taken up. With biological information and tools widely distributed, regulating only U.S. researchers would have little effect. A new International Forum on Biosecurity should encourage the adoption of similar measures around the world. Seven types of risky studies would require approval by the Institutional Biosafety Committees that already oversee recombinant DNA research at some 400 U.S. institutions. These experiments of concern include making an infectious agent more lethal and rendering vaccines powerless. Beyond al-Qaeda: Part 1, The Global Jihadist Movement (2006) Angel Rabasa, Peter Chalk, Kim Cragin, Sara A. Daly, Heather S. Gregg, Theodore W. Karasik , Kevin A. O'Brien, William Rosenau RAND, 083303930X, 224 pp. Examines al-Qaeda's evolution and the emergence of the broader global jihadist movement-groups affiliated, associated, or inspired by al-Qaeda-and the threat that they pose to the United States and U.S. allies and interests. The authors conclude by setting out a four-pronged strategy to counter the jihadist threat. Short of the Goal: U.S. Policy and Poorly Performing States (2006) Nancy Birdsall, Milan Vaishnav, and Robert L. Ayres, eds. Center for Global Development through Brookings Institution Press, 1-933286-05-9, 483 pp. Failed states are at greatest risk for collapse and pose an urgent threat to international security. Yet, ironically, new U.S. foreign assistance programs such as the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) routinely bypass these poorly performing countries, while providing increased aid to so-called good performers. This volume provides a lucid account of failed states that are ineligible for this new assistance, thus residing "on the other side of the MCA." Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques (2004) Committee on the Review of Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309091306 , 148 pp. Beyond al-Qaeda: Part 2, The Outer Rings of the Terrorist Universe (2006) Angel Rabasa, Peter Chalk, Kim Cragin, Sara A. Daly, Heather S. Gregg, Theodore W. Karasik , Kevin A. O'Brien, William Rosenau RAND, 0833039326, 210 pp. Examines violent terrorist groups that, while not formally allied with al-Qaeda, could pose a threat to Americans now or in the future and to the security of our friends and allies. The authors show how terrorists use criminal organizations and connections to finance their activities, and they identify distinct strategies to neutralize or mitigate these threats. The West at War: U.S. and European Counterterrorism Efforts Post-September 11 (2006) Michael Jacobson Washington Institute for Near East Policy through Brookings Institution Press, 1-933162-00-7, 139 pp. As Europe becomes one of the most important battlegrounds in the global fight against terrorism, U.S. cooperation with European counterterrorism efforts is more vital than ever. Despite often-heated rhetoric, authorities on both sides of the Atlantic have adopted similar methods--and faced similar difficulties--since September 11. In this timely study, Treasury Department advisor and former FBI analyst Michael Jacobson explored diplomatic, legislative, and tactical approaches that can help Western governments overcome their shared challenges. Information Technology for Counterterrorism: Immediate Actions and Future Possibilities (2003) John L. Hennessy, David A. Patterson, and Herbert S. Lin, Editors, Committee on the Role of Information Technology in Responding to Terrorism, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309087368 , 144 pp. Information technology (IT) is essential to virtually all of the nation s critical infrastructures making them vulnerable by a terrorist attack on their IT system. An attack could be on the system itself or use the IT system to launch or exacerbate another type of attack. IT can also be used as a counterterrorism tool. The report concludes that the most devastating consequences of a terrorist attack would occur if it were on or used IT as part of a broader attack. The report presents two recommendations on what can be done in the short term to protect the nation s communications and information systems and several recommendations about what can be done over the longer term. The report also notes the importance of considering how an IT system will be deployed to maximize protection against and usefulness in responding to attacks. Striking First: Preemptive and Preventive Attack in U.S. National Security Policy (2006) Karl P. Mueller, Jasen J. Castillo, Forrest E. Morgan, Negeen Pegahi, Brian Rosen RAND, 0833038818, 344 pp. RAND Project AIR FORCE studied the post-9/11 shift in U.S. defense policy emphasis toward preemptive and preventive attack, asking under what conditions preemptive or preventive attack is worth considering as a response to perceived threats. It considered the role such first-strike strategies are likely to play in future U.S. national security policy. Finally, it identified implications these conclusions have for military planners and policymakers as they prepare to deal with national security threats in the next decade. The Forgotten Homeland (2006) Richard A. Clarke and Rand Beers, chairs The Century Foundation Press through Brookings Institution Press, 0-87078-498-6, 315 pp. The Forgotten Homeland gathers some of the leading homeland security experts to analyze the nation's most significant vulnerabilities and to propose strategies to reduce them. The report addresses terrorist as well as nonterrorist threats and offers ideas for strengthening all aspects of our emergency response--including our ability to respond to natural disasters such as Hurricane Katrina. Key topics covered include protecting transportation networks, upgrading "first response" capabilities, confronting the unconventional weapons challenge, and gaining better intelligence. Preparing for Terrorism: Tools for Evaluating the Metropolitan Medical Response System Program (2002) Frederick J. Manning and Lewis Goldfrank, Editors, Committee on Evaluation of the Metropolitan Medical Response System Program, Board on Health Sciences Policy The National Academies Press, 0309084288 , 332 pp. The Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) program of the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) provides funds to major U. S. cities to help them develop plans for coping with the health and medical consequences of a terrorist attack with chemical, biological, or radiological (CBR) agents. DHHS asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to assist in assessing the effectiveness of the MMRS program by developing appropriate evaluation methods, tools, and processes to assess both its own management of the program and local preparedness in the cities that have participated in the program. This book provides the managers of the MMRS program and others concerned about local capabilities to cope with CBR terrorism with three evaluation tools and a three-part assessment method. The tools are a questionnaire survey eliciting feedback about the management of the MMRS program, a table of preparedness indicators for 23 essential response capabilities, and a set of three scenarios and related questions for group discussion. The assessment method described integrates document inspection, a site visit by a team of expert peer reviewers, and observations at community exercises and drills. On "Other War": Lessons from Five Decades of RAND Counterinsurgency Research (2006) Austin Long RAND, 0833039261, 120 pp. The challenges posed by insurgency and instability have proved difficult to surmount. This difficulty may embolden future opponents to embrace insurgency in combating the United States. Both the current and future conduct of the war on terror demand that the United States improve its ability to conduct counterinsurgency (COIN) operations. This study makes recommendations for improving COIN based on RAND's decades-long study of it. Fighting Terrorist Financing: Transatlantic Cooperation and International Institutions (2006) Anne C. Richard Center for Transatlantic Relations, JHU--SAIS through Brookings Institution Press, 0-9766434-0-5, 126 pp. International and European regional organizations are playing an important role in combating terrorist financing. This book explains how use of common conventions, standards, and approaches by many different international, regional, and specialized institutions is a major step forward in the fight. Anne Richard recommends expanding and deepening these efforts across Europe and into neighboring regions. She also calls for improving methods used to fight terrorist financing, including targeting key nodes, improving information and intelligence sharing, and joint action on to freeze the assets of terrorist organizations and prevent the misuse of charities. Preparing for the Psychological Consequences of Terrorism: A Public Health Strategy (2003) Committee on Responding to the Psychological Consequences of Terrorism, Adrienne Stith Butler, Allison M. Panzer, Lewis R. Goldfrank, Editors The National Academies Press, 0309089530, 184 pp. The Oklahoma City bombing, intentional crashing of airliners on September 11, 2001, and anthrax attacks in the fall of 2001 have made Americans acutely aware of the impacts of terrorism. These events and continued threats of terrorism have raised questions about the impact on the psychological health of the nation and how well the public health infrastructure is able to meet the psychological needs that will likely result. Preparing for the Psychological Consequences of Terrorism highlights some of the critical issues in responding to the psychological needs that result from terrorism and provides possible options for intervention. The committee offers an example for a public health strategy that may serve as a base from which plans to prevent and respond to the psychological consequences of a variety of terrorism events can be formulated. The report includes recommendations for the training and education of service providers, ensuring appropriate guidelines for the protection of service providers, and developing public health surveillance for preevent, event, and postevent factors related to psychological consequences. Pacification in Algeria, 1956-1958 (2006) David Galula RAND, 0833039202, 324 pp. When Algerian nationalists launched a rebellion against French rule in November 1954, France was forced to cope with a varied and adaptable Algerian strategy. In this volume, originally published in 1963, David Galula reconstructs the story of his highly successful command at the height of the rebellion. This groundbreaking work, with a new foreword by Bruce Hoffman, remains relevant to present-day counterinsurgency operations. Protecting the Homeland: European Approaches to Societal Security--Implications for the United States (2006) Daniel Hamilton, Bengt Sundelius, and Jesper Gronvall, eds. Center for Transatlantic Relations, JHU-SAIS through Brookings Institution Press, 0-9766434-2-1, 167 pp. Developing common or complementary approaches to what Europeans call societal security and what Americans call homeland security is a major priority for the transatlantic community in 21st century. Threats such as terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, regional conflict, state failure, and organized crime require a committed transatlantic partnership in order to be successful. Five European country case studies are offered here, along with implications for the United States. Reopening Public Facilities After a Biological Attack: A Decision-Making Framework (2005) Committee on Standards and Policies for Decontaminating Public Facilities Affected by Exposure to Harmful Biological Agents: How Clean is Safe?, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309096618 , 224 pp. The anthrax attacks in fall 2001 spurred an extensive and costly decontamination effort where many decisions had to be made about which sites required cleanup, what method to use, how to determine the effectiveness of the cleanup, and how "clean" the building had to be for reoccupation. As part of a project funded by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and managed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the National Research Council was asked to consider the criteria that must be met for a cleanup to be declared successful, allowing the reoccupation of a facility. The report finds that efficiently sampling and characterizing a pathogen is critical for choosing the best remediation strategy. However, there should be no universal standard for deciding when a building is safe to re-enter because varying pathogen amounts and characteristics could require different strategies. The report offers a flowchart for decision-makers that includes questions about the characteristics of the pathogen; how far it has spread; whether it is transmissible between humans; and how long it will survive to pose a threat. The report also recommends that a risk-assessment approach be adopted as part of a strategy for achieving a "socially acceptable" standard for cleanup. Protecting Emergency Responders, Volume 4: Personal Protective Equipment Guidelines for Structural Collapse Events (2006) Henry H. Willis, Nicholas Castle, Elizabeth M. Sloss , James T. Bartis RAND, 0833039075, 112 pp. This monograph serves as a technical source for National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) incident commander guidelines for emergency response immediately following large structural collapse events. It gives guidelines for personal protective equipment (PPE), focusing on required modifications to responders' typical PPE ensembles because of the duration of response and the need to prevent exposures to likely hazards from pathogens, airborne dusts, and gaseous hazardous materials. The Idea of Pakistan, Revised Edition (2006) Stephen P. Cohen Brookings Institution Press, 0-8157-1503-X, 382 pp. In recent years Pakistan has emerged as a strategic player on the world stage-both as a potential rogue state armed with nuclear weapons and as an American ally in the war against terrorism. But our understanding of this country is superficial. To probe beyond the headlines, Stephen Cohen, author of the prize-winning India: Emerging Power, offers a panoramic portrait of this complex country-from its origins as a homeland for Indian Muslims to a military-dominated state that has experienced uneven economic growth, political chaos, sectarian violence, and several nuclear crises with its much larger neighbor, India. Pakistan's future is uncertain. Can it fulfill its promise of joining the community of nations as a moderate Islamic state, at peace with its neighbors, or could it dissolve completely into a failed state, spewing out terrorists and nuclear weapons in several directions? The Idea of Pakistan will be an essential tool for understanding this critically important country. Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage: Public Report (2006) Committee on the Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309096472 , 126 pp. In response to a request from Congress, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Department of Homeland Security sponsored a National Academies study to assess the safety and security risks of spent nuclear fuel stored in cooling pools and dry casks at commercial nuclear power plants. The information provided in this book examines the risks of terrorist attacks using these materials for a radiological dispersal device. Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel is an unclassified public summary of a more detailed classified book. The book finds that successful terrorist attacks on spent fuel pools, though difficult, are possible. A propagating fire in a pool could release large amounts of radioactive material, but rearranging spent fuel in the pool during storage and providing emergency water spray systems would reduce the likelihood of a propagating fire even under severe damage conditions. The book suggests that additional studies are needed to better understand these risks. Although dry casks have advantages over cooling pools, pools are necessary at all operating nuclear power plants to store at least the recently discharged fuel. The book explains it would be difficult for terrorists to steal enough spent fuel to construct a significant radiological dispersal device. Estimating Terrorism Risk (2005) Henry H. Willis, Andrew R. Morral, Terrence K. Kelly, Jamison Jo Medby RAND, 0833038346, 92 pp. The Department of Homeland Security is responsible for protecting the United States from terrorism. It does so partly through the Urban Areas Security Initiative, though its distribution has been criticized for not reflecting risk. This monograph offers a practical definition of terrorism risk and a method for estimating it that addresses inherent uncertainties. It also demonstrates a framework for evaluating alternative risk estimates. Finally, it makes five recommendations for improving resource allocation. Crescent of Crisis: U.S.-European Strategy for the Greater Middle East (2006) Ivo H. Daalder, Nicole Gnesotto, and Philip Gordon, eds. Brookings Institution Press and the EU Institute for Security Studies, 0-8157-1689-3, 263 pp. The greater Middle East is beset by a crescent of crisis--a region of urgent danger stretching from Pakistan to Afghanistan, through Iran and Iraq, all the way to the Syria/Lebanon question and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The specific problems range from terrorism and nuclear proliferation to the rise of fundamentalism and a lack of democracy. Crescent of Crisis brings together several leading American and European experts to develop a common approach to the pressing worries of the region. Sensor Systems for Biological Agent Attacks: Protecting Buildings and Military Bases (2005) Committee on Materials and Manufacturing Processes for Advanced Sensors, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 030909576X , 208 pp. Over the last ten years, there has been growing concern about potential biological attacks on the nation s population and its military facilities. It is now possible to detect such attacks quickly enough to permit treatment of potential victims prior to the onset of symptoms. The capability to detect to warn , that is in time to take action to minimize human exposure, however, is still lacking. To help achieve such a capability, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) asked the National Research Council (NRC) to assess the development path for detect to warn sensors systems. This report presents the results of this assessment including analysis of scenarios for protecting facilities, sensor requirements, and detection technologies and systems. Findings and recommendations are provided for the most probable path to achieve a detect-to-warn capability and potential technological breakthroughs that could accelerate its attainment. State and Local Intelligence in the War on Terrorism (2005) K. Jack Riley, Gregory F. Treverton, Jeremy M. Wilson, Lois M. Davis RAND, 0833038591, 90 pp. Examines how state and local law enforcement agencies conducted and supported counterterrorism intelligence activities after 9/11. The report analyzes data from a 2002 survey of law enforcement preparedness in the context of intelligence, shows how eight local law enforcement agencies handle intelligence operations, and suggests ways that the job of gathering and analyzing intelligence might best be shared among federal, state, and local agencies. Protecting What Matters: Technology, Security, and Liberty since 9/11 (Hardcover, 2005) Clayton Northouse, ed. Foreword by Ramon Barquin and Jane Fishkin. Brookings Institution Press and the Computer Ethics Institute, 0-8157-6126-0, 216 pp. Can the United States improve its national security without seriously weakening its cherished civil liberties? And how does the availability of enhanced technology affect that delicate balance? In Protecting What Matters, leading figures from government, public policy, and the private sector analyze the critical relationships among security, freedom, and technology in a changed nation. Terrorism and the Chemical Infrastructure: Protecting People and Reducing Vulnerabilities (2006) Committee on Assessing Vulnerabilities Related to the Nation's Chemical Infrastructure, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309097215 , 152 pp. Air Power Against Terror: America's Conduct of Operation Enduring Freedom (2005) Benjamin S. Lambeth RAND, 0833037242, 456 pp. The terrorist attacks of 9/11 plunged the United States into a determined counteroffensive against Osama bin Laden and his al Qaeda terrorist network. This report details the initial U.S. military response to those attacks, namely, the destruction of al Qaeda's terrorist infrastructure and the removal of the ruling Taliban regime in Afghanistan. The author emphasizes several distinctive achievements in this war, including the use of precision air-delivered weapons that were effective irrespective of weather, the first combat use of Predator unmanned aerial vehicles armed with Hellfire missiles, and the integrated employment of high-altitude drones and other air- and space-based sensors that gave CENTCOM unprecedented round-the-clock awareness of enemy activity. Inheriting Syria: Bashar's Trial by Fire (Hardcover, 2005) Flynt Leverett Brookings Institution Press, 0-8157-5204-0, 286 pp. During its more than twenty-year occupation of Lebanon, Syria has cultivated numerous Lebanese clients and allies-most notably Hizballah. The policy challenges posed by Syria's problematic behavior on a number of fronts have grown more pressing in the present security environment, and the United States has had difficulty formulating a coherent and effective policy toward Damascus. Western consensus on how to deal with the Syrian leadership has been thrown further into doubt. Inheriting Syria provides a detailed analytic portrait of the Syrian regime under Bashar's leadership. The author's long service in the foreign policy establishment has uniquely positioned him to provide valuable insights into this mysterious yet important country. This book will be of high interest to those concerned about the Middle East, the war on terror, and the future of American foreign policy. Aging of U.S. Air Force Craft: Final Report (1997) Committee on Aging of U.S. Air Force Aircraft, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309059356 , 124 pp. Many of the aircraft that form the backbone of the U.S. Air Force operational fleet are 25 years old or older. A few of these will be replaced with new aircraft, but many are expected to remain in service an additional 25 years or more. This book provides a strategy to address the technical needs and priorities associated with the Air Force's aging airframe structures. It includes a detailed summary of the structural status of the aging force, identification of key technical issues, recommendations for near-term engineering and management actions, and prioritized near-term and long-term research recommendations. Distribution of Losses From Large Terrorist Attacks Under the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (2005) Stephen J. Carroll, Tom LaTourrette, Brian G. Chow, Gregory S. Jones, Craig Martin RAND, 0833038656, 152 pp. The pending expiration of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) of 2002 is the impetus for this assessment of how TRIA redistributes terrorism losses. The authors find that the role of taxpayers is expected to be minimal in all but very rare cases and that, even with TRIA in place, a high fraction of losses would go uninsured in each of the attack scenarios examined. Battling Terrorism in the Horn of Africa (Hardcover, 2005) Robert I. Rotberg, ed. Brookings Institution Press and the World Peace Foundation, 0-8157-7570-9, 210 pp. Al Qaeda has already struck in the Horn of Africa, and the area's complex history, shared poverty, poor governance, underdevelopment, and renowned resistance against Western colonizers have created an intricate web of opportunity for potential terrorists. Battling Terrorism in the Horn of Africa provides valuable lessons on what needs to be done at the tension-filled crossroads of Africa and the Arab world. Chemical and Biological Terrorism: Research and Development to Improve Civilian Medical Response (1999) Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents, Institute of Medicine The National Academies Press, 0309061954, 304 pp. The threat of domestic terrorism today looms larger than ever. Bombings at the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City's Federal Building, as well as nerve gas attacks in Japan, have made it tragically obvious that American civilians must be ready for terrorist attacks. What do we need to know to help emergency and medical personnel prepare for these attacks? Chemical and Biological Terrorism identifies the R&D efforts needed to implement recommendations in key areas: pre-incident intelligence, detection and identification of chemical and biological agents, protective clothing and equipment, early recognition that a population has been covertly exposed to a pathogen, mass casualty decontamination and triage, use of vaccines and pharmaceuticals, and the psychological effects of terror. Specific objectives for computer software development are also identified. The book addresses the differences between a biological and chemical attack, the distinct challenges to the military and civilian medical communities, and other broader issues. This book will be of critical interest to anyone involved in civilian preparedness for terrorist attack: planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health and emergency personnel, and technology designers and engineers. Trends in Terrorism: Threats to the United States and the Future of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (2005) Peter Chalk, Bruce Hoffman, Robert Reville , Anna-Britt Kasupski RAND, 0833038222, 97 pp. The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) requires insurers to offer commercial insurance that will pay on claims that occur from a terrorist attack, and for losses on the scale of 9/11, TRIA provides a "backstop" in the form of free reinsurance. The authors describe the evolving terrorist threat with the goal of comparing the underlying risk of attack to the architecture of financial protection that has been facilitated by TRIA. Deadly Arsenals: Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Threats - Revised edition (2005) Joseph Cirincione, Jon B. Wolfsthal, and Miriam Rajkumar Carnegie Endowment for International Peace through Brookings Institution Press, 0-87003-216-X, 490 pp. Deadly Arsenals provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive assessment available on global proliferation dangers, with a critical assessment of international enforcement efforts. This invaluable resource includes strategic and historical analysis; maps, charts, and graphs of the spread of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons and missile delivery systems; descriptions of the weapons and regimes--and and policies to control them; and data on countries that have, want, or have given up weapons of mass destruction. Countering Agricultural Bioterrorism (2002) Committee on Biological Threats to Agricultural Plants and Animals, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309085454 , 192 pp. The report discusses the US defense system for agriculture and its use of science. The committee concluded that the United States is vulnerable to agricultural bioterrorism and needs a comprehensive plan to defend against it. The committee also provides guidance about important elements of such a plan. Aptitude for Destruction, Volume 1: Organizational Learning in Terrorist Groups and Its Implications for Combating Terrorism (2005) Brian A. Jackson, Horacio R. Trujillo, John C. Baker, Peter Chalk, Kim Cragin, John V. Parachini RAND, 0833037641, 104 pp. Better ways are needed to understand how terrorist groups become more effective and dangerous. Learning is the link between what a group wants to do and its ability to actually do it; therefore, a better understanding of group learning might contribute to the design of better measures for combating terrorism. This study analyzes current understanding of group learning and the factors that influence it and outlines a framework that should be useful in present analytical efforts and for identifying areas requiring further study. Defeating the Jihadists: A Blueprint for Action (2004) Richard A. Clarke, Glenn P. Aga, Roger W. Cressey, Stephen E. Flynn, Blake W. Mobley, Eric Rosenbach, Steven Simon, William F. Wechsler, and Lee S. Wolosky The Century Foundation Press through Brookings Institution Press, 0-87078-491-9, 172 pp. The report of a task force assembled and chaired by Richard A. Clarke, Defeating the Jihadists assesses the nation's successes and failures in fighting terrorism and provides a detailed action plan for neutralizing the international movement at the core of worldwide terrorism. The report also describes the nature of the jihadist threat; provides comprehensive profiles of the various groups; and offers a rationale for the effort and money that would be needed to make the plan a success. Effects of Nuclear Earth-Penetrator and Other Weapons (2005) Committee on the Effects of Nuclear Earth-Penetrator and Other Weapons, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309096731 , 146 pp. Underground facilities are used extensively by many nations to conceal and protect strategic military functions and weapons stockpiles. Because of their depth and hardened status, however, many of these strategic hard and deeply buried targets could only be put at risk by conventional or nuclear earth penetrating weapons (EPW). Recently, an engineering feasibility study, the robust nuclear earth penetrator program, was started by DOE and DOD to determine if a more effective EPW could be designed using major components of existing nuclear weapons. This activity has created some controversy about, among other things, the level of collateral damage that would ensue if such a weapon were used. To help clarify this issue, the Congress, in P.L. 107-314, directed the Secretary of Defense to request from the NRC a study of the anticipated health and environmental effects of nuclear earth-penetrators and other weapons and the effect of both conventional and nuclear weapons against the storage of biological and chemical weapons. This report provides the results of those analyses. Based on detailed numerical calculations, the report presents a series of findings comparing the effectiveness and expected collateral damage of nuclear EPW and surface nuclear weapons under a variety of conditions. Aptitude for Destruction, Volume 2: Case Studies of Organizational Learning in Five Terrorist Groups (2005) Brian A. Jackson, John C. Baker, Peter Chalk, Kim Cragin, John V. Parachini, Horacio R. Trujillo RAND, 0833037676, 214 pp. Better ways are needed to understand how terrorist groups increase theireffectiveness and become more dangerous. Learning is the link between what agroup wants to do and its ability to actually do it; therefore, a betterunderstanding of group learning might contribute to the design of bettermeasures for combating terrorism. This study analyzes current understandingof group learning and the factors that influence it. It presents detailedcase studies of learning in five terrorist organizations and develops amethodology for ascertaining what and why groups have learned, providinginsights into their learning processes. Defense Strategy for the Post-Saddam Era (2005) Michael E. O'Hanlon Brookings Institution Press, 0-8157-6467-7, 148 pp. O'Hanlon argues that America's large defense budget cannot realistically be pared in the years ahead. But given the extreme demands of the Iraq mission, he suggests how reductions in various weapons modernization programs and other economies might free up enough funds to add at least 40,000 more ground troops to today's military. He also reviews the military lessons of Afghanistan and Iraq, the Bush administration's new overseas basing plan, and the arguments for and against a draft. Ensuring Safe Food: From Production to Consumption (1998) Committee to Ensure Safe Food from Production to Consumption, Institute of Medicine and National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309065593, 206 pp. How safe is our food supply? Each year the media report what appears to be growing concern related to illness caused by the food consumed by Americans. These food borne illnesses are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, pesticide residues, and food additives. Recent actions taken at the federal, state, and local levels in response to the increase in reported incidences of food borne illnesses point to the need to evaluate the food safety system in the United States. This book assesses the effectiveness of the current food safety system and provides recommendations on changes needed to ensure an effective science-based food safety system. Ensuring Safe Food discusses such important issues as: What are the primary hazards associated with the food supply? What gaps exist in the current system for ensuring a safe food supply? What effects do trends in food consumption have on food safety? What is the impact of food preparation and handling practices in the home, in food services, or in production operations on the risk of food borne illnesses? What organizational changes in responsibility or oversight could be made to increase the effectiveness of the food safety system in the United States? Current concerns associated with microbiological, chemical, and physical hazards in the food supply are discussed. The book also considers how changes in technology and food processing might introduce new risks. Recommendations are made on steps for developing a coordinated, unified system for food safety. The book also highlights areas that need additional study. Ensuring Safe Food will be important for policymakers, food trade professionals, food producers, food processors, food researchers, public health professionals, and consumers. Dissuading Terror: Strategic Influence and the Struggle Against Terrorism (2005) Kim Cragin, Scott Gerwehr RAND, 0833037048, 134 pp. U.S. government decisionmakers face a number of challenges as they attempt to form policies that aim to dissuade terrorists from attacking the United States, divert youths from joining terrorist groups, and persuade the leaders of states and nongovernmental institutions to withhold support for terrorists. The successes or failures of such policies and campaigns have long-lasting effects. The findings of this research help U.S. decisionmakers more closely refine how and in what circumstances strategic influence campaigns can best be applied. Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy (2003) Paul R. Pillar Brookings Institution Press, 0-8157-7077-4, 285 pp. Paul R. Pillar, a career CIA officer, provides a guide to constructing and executing counterterrorist policy, urging that it be formulated as an integral part of broader U.S. foreign policy. The paperback edition includes an introductory essay on counterterrorism since 9/11. Facing Hazards and Disasters: Understanding Human Dimensions (2006) Committee on Disaster Research in the Social Sciences: Future Challenges and Opportunities, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309101786 , 408 pp. When Terrorism Hits Home: How Prepared Are State and Local Law Enforcement? (2004) Lois M. Davis, K. Jack Riley, Greg Ridgeway, Jennifer Pace, Sarah K. Cotton, Paul S. Steinberg, Kelly Damphousse, Brent L. Smith RAND, 0833034995, 178 pp. Presents the results of a 2002 survey conducted by the RAND Corporation assessing how prepared state and local law enforcement agencies are for terrorism in the post-9/11 environment. The survey provides the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Office of Domestic Preparedness an important baseline for gauging where the law enforcement community stood on the eve of the formation of DHS and for assessing future progress in improving U.S. preparedness for terrorism. U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy: Confronting Today's Threats (2006) George Bunn and Christopher F. Chyba, eds. Foreword by William J. Perry. Brookings Institution Press and the Center for International Security and Cooperation, 0-8157-1365-7, 340 pp. What role should nuclear weapons play in today's world? How can the United States promote international security while safeguarding its own interests? U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy informs this debate with an analysis of current nuclear weapons policies and strategies, including those for deterring, preventing, or preempting nuclear attack; preventing further proliferation, to nations and terrorists; modifying weapons designs; and revising the U.S. nuclear posture. Globalization, Biosecurity, and the Future of the Life Sciences (2006) Committee on Advances in Technology and the Prevention of Their Application to Next Generation Biowarfare Threats, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309100321, 318 pp. Compensation for Losses from the 9/11 Attacks (2004) Lloyd Dixon, Rachel Kaganoff Stern RAND, 0833036912, 212 pp. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, caused tremendous loss of life, property, and income, and the resulting response from public and private organizations was unprecedented. This monograph examines the benefits received by those who were killed or seriously injured on 9/11 and the benefits provided to individuals and businesses in New York City that suffered losses from the attack on the World Trade Center. The authors examine the performance of the compensation system--insurance, tort, government programs, and charity--in responding to the losses stemming from 9/11. Iran's Nuclear Ambitions (2006) Shahram Chubin Carnegie Endowment for International Peace through Brookings Institution Press, 0-87003-230-5, 222 pp. Iran's Nuclear Ambitions provides a rare, balanced look into the motivations, perceptions, and domestic politics swirling around Iran. Shahram Chubin, an Iranian-born security expert, details the recent history of Iran's nuclear program and diplomacy. He argues that the central problem is not nuclear technology, but rather Iran's behavior as a revolutionary state, with ambitions that collide with the interests of its neighbors and the West. Going the Distance?: Safe Transport of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in the United States (Hardcover, 2006) Committee on Transportation of Radioactive Waste, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309100046 , 339 pp. This book looks to provide an independent, objective, and authoritative analysis of the transportation of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste in the United States, while simultaneously examining risks and identifying current and future technical and societal concerns for such specialized transportation. Going the Distance? also gives comparisons between health and safety risks for transporting spent fuel and radioactive waste and other risks that confront members of society. Comparisons are provided for routine radiological transport, which has the potential to produce chronic radiation exposures and latent cancer, and severe accident risks, which have the potential to produce acute radiation sickness and death, as well as latent cancer. This book will inform readers about the risks of spent fuel and high-level waste transportation. The Muslim World After 9/11 (2004) Angel M. Rabasa, Cheryl Benard, Peter Chalk, C. Christine Fair , Theodore Karasik , Rollie Lal, Ian Lesser, David Thaler RAND, 0833035347, 564 pp. Examines the dynamics that drive changes in the religio-political landscape of the Muslim world, the effects of 9/11, the global war on terrorism, and the war in Iraq. The authors present a typology of ideological tendencies; identify the factors that produce religious extremism and violence; assess key cleavages along sectarian, ethnic, regional, and national lines; and identify possible strategies and military options for the United States to pursue in this critical and volatile part of the world. Terrorism and International Relations (Hardcover, 2006) Daniel S. Hamilton, ed. Center for Transatlantic Relations, JHU-SAIS and the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation through Brookings Institution Press, 0-9766434-8-0, 239 pp. International experts examine the nature of contemporary terrorism and its consequences. The authors discuss the internationalization of terrorism; its costs, causes, and networks; the global response; and implications for law, democracy, religion, the media, and international cooperation. Learning from SARS: Preparing for the Next Disease Outbreak (2004) Stacey Knobler, Adel Mahmoud, Stanley Lemon, Alison Mack, Laura Sivitz, and Katherine Oberholtzer, Editors, Forum on Microbial Threats The National Academies Press, 0309091543 , 376 pp. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than 25 other countries within a matter of months. In addition to the number of patients infected with the SARS virus, the disease had profound economic and political repercussions in many of the affected regions. Recent reports of isolated new SARS cases and a fear that the disease could reemerge and spread have put public health officials on high alert for any indications of possible new outbreaks. This report examines the response to SARS by public health systems in individual countries, the biology of the SARS coronavirus and related coronaviruses in animals, the economic and political fallout of the SARS epidemic, quarantine law and other public health measures that apply to combating infectious diseases, and the role of international organizations and scientific cooperation in halting the spread of SARS. The report provides an illuminating survey of findings from the epidemic, along with an assessment of what might be needed in order to contain any future outbreaks of SARS or other emerging infections. The Counterterror Coalitions: Cooperation with Pakistan and India (2004) C. Christine Fair RAND, 0833035592, 152 pp. The study examines U.S. strategic relations with India and Pakistan both historically and in the current context of the global war on terrorism. An inescapable conclusion of the report is that the intractable dispute over the disposition of Kashmir remains a critical flashpoint between India and Pakistan and a continual security challenge. The author offers five policy options on how the United States might proceed. Neglected Defense: Mobilizing the Private Sector to Support Homeland Security (2006) Stephen E. Flynn and Daniel B. Prieto Council on Foreign Relations through Brookings Institution Press, 0-87609-358-6, 49 pp. Five years after the September 11 attacks on New York and Washington, D.C., federal efforts to enlist the private sector in bolstering homeland security remain largely stillborn. Neglected Defense offers a thoughtful and tightly reasoned analysis of why that is so. It presents a way forward for strengthening cooperation between the private sector and government on homeland security. Microbial Threats to Health--Emergence, Detection, and Response (Hardcover, 2003) Mark S. Smolinski, Margaret A. Hamburg, and Joshua Lederberg, Editors, Committee on Emerging Microbial Threats to Health in the 21st Century The National Academies Press, 030908864X , 398 pp. Infectious diseases are a global hazard that puts every nation and every person at risk. The recent SARS outbreak is a prime example. Knowing neither geographic nor political borders, often arriving silently and lethally, microbial pathogens constitute a grave threat to the health of humans. Indeed, a majority of countries recently identified the spread of infectious disease as the greatest global problem they confront. Throughout history, humans have struggled to control both the causes and consequences of infectious diseases and we will continue to do so into the foreseeable future. Following up on a high-profile 1992 report from the Institute of Medicine, Microbial Threats to Health examines the current state of knowledge and policy pertaining to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases from around the globe. It examines the spectrum of microbial threats, factors in disease emergence, and the ultimate capacity of the United States to meet the challenges posed by microbial threats to human health. From the impact of war or technology on disease emergence to the development of enhanced disease surveillance and vaccine strategies, Microbial Threats to Health contains valuable information for researchers, students, health care providers, policymakers, public health officials. and the interested public. Triage for Civil Support: Using Military Medical Assets to Respond to Terrorist Attacks (2004) Gary Cecchine, Michael A. Wermuth, Roger C. Molander, K. Scott McMahon, Jesse D. Malkin, Jennifer Brower, John D. Woodward, Donna F. Barbisch RAND, 0833036610, 202 pp. Even before September 11, 2001, threat assessments suggested that the United States should prepare to respond to terrorist attacks inside its borders. This monograph examines the use of military medical assets to support civil authorities in the aftermath of a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or conventional high explosives attack inside the United States. The authors focus on key questions, including under what circumstances military medical assets could be requested and what assets are likely to be requested. Security Sector Reform and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding (2006) Albrecht Schnabel and Hans-Georg Ehrhart, eds. United Nations University Press through Brookings Institution Press, 92-808-1109-6, 329 pp. Military and police forces play a crucial role in the long-term success of rebuilding efforts in post-conflict societies. Yet, while charged with the long-term task of providing a security environment conducive to rebuilding war-torn societies, internal security structures tend to lack civilian and democratic control, internal cohesion and effectiveness, and public credibility. They must be placed under democratic control and restructured and retrained to become an asset, not a liability, in the long-term peacebuilding process. External actors from other nations, regional organizations, and the United Nations can be of assistance in this process by creating a basic security environment, preventing remnants of armed groups from spoiling the fragile peacebuilding process, and by facilitating reform of the local security sector. This book offers examples and analyses by an international group of academics and practitioners with direct experiences with security sector reform programs. Quarantine Stations at Ports of Entry Protecting the Public's Health (2005) Laura B. Sivitz, Kathleen Stratton, and Georges C. Benjamin, Editors, Committee on Measures to Enhance the Effectiveness of the CDC Quarantine Station Expansion Plan for U.S. Ports of Entr The National Academies Press, 030909951X , 334 pp. Out of the Ordinary: Finding Hidden Threats by Analyzing Unusual Behavior (2004) John Hollywood, Diane Snyder, Kenneth McKay, John Boon RAND, 0833035207, 188 pp. Presents a unique approach to selecting and assembling disparate pieces of information to produce a general understanding of a threat. The Atypical Signal Analysis and Processing schema identifies atypical behavior potentially related to terror activity; puts it into context; generates and tests hypotheses; and focuses analysts' attention on the most significant findings. A supporting conceptual architecture and specific techniques for identifying and analyzing out-of-the-ordinary information are also described. Afghanistan's Uncertain Transition from Turmoil to Normalcy (2006) Barnett R. Rubin Council on Foreign Relations through Brookings Institution Press, 0-87609-356-X, 43 pp. Afghanistan's Uncertain Transition argues that Afghanistan is still far from stability. While the country has reestablished basic institutions of government, it has barely started to make them work. The government and its international supporters are challenged by a terrorist insurgency that has become more lethal and effective and that has bases in Pakistan, a drug trade that dominates the economy and corrupts the state, and pervasive poverty and insecurity. Scientific Criteria to Ensure Safe Food (2003) Committee on the Review of the Use of Scientific Criteria and Performance Standards for Safe Food, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 030908928X, 424 pp. Food safety regulators face a daunting task: crafting food safety performance standards and systems that continue in the tradition of using the best available science to protect the health of the American public, while working within an increasingly antiquated and fragmented regulatory framework. Current food safety standards have been set over a period of years and under diverse circumstances, based on a host of scientific, legal, and practical constraints. Scientific Criteria to Ensure Safe Food lays the groundwork for creating new regulations that are consistent, reliable, and ensure the best protection for the health of American consumers. This book addresses the biggest concerns in food safety including microbial disease surveillance plans, tools for establishing food safety criteria, and issues specific to meat, dairy, poultry, seafood, and produce. It provides a candid analysis of the problems with the current system, and outlines the major components of the task at hand: creating workable, streamlined food safety standards and practices. The Dynamic Terrorist Threat: An Assessment of Group Motivations and Capabilities in a Changing World (2004) R. Kim Cragin, Sara A. Daly RAND, 0833034944, 126 pp. As the war on terrorism wages on, our nation's policymakers will continue to face the challenge of assessing threats that various terrorist groups pose to the U.S. homeland and our interests abroad. As part of the RAND Corporation's yearlong "Thinking Strategically About Combating Terrorism project, the authors of this report develop a way to assess and analyze the danger posed by various terrorist organizations around the world. The very nature of terrorism creates a difficulty in predicting new and emerging threats; however, by establishing these types of parameters, the report creates a fresh foundation of threat analysis on which future counterterrorism strategy may build. Transforming Homeland Security: U.S. and European Approaches (2006) Esther Brimmer, ed. Center for Transatlantic Relations, JHU--SAIS through Brookings Institution Press, 0-9766434-4-8, 200 pp. In this book, U.S. and European experts explore possible roles for armed services, intelligence services, and the private sector in homeland security in different countries. They examine lessons learned from transformation programs for homeland security, analyze evolving conceptions of security, and suggest a joint road map for immediate and long-term policy action at national, European, and transatlantic levels. Uninhabited Air Vehicles: Enabling Science for Military Systems (2000) Committee on Materials, Structures, and Aeronautics for Advanced Uninhabited Air Vehicles, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309069831 , 124 pp. U.S. Air Force (USAF) planners have envisioned that uninhabited air vehicles (UAVs), working in concert with inhabited vehicles, will become an integral part of the future force structure. Current plans are based on the premise that UAVs have the potential to augment, or even replace, inhabited aircraft in a variety of missions. However, UAV technologies must be better understood before they will be accepted as an alternative to inhabited aircraft on the battlefield. The U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) requested that the National Research Council, through the National Materials Advisory Board and the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board, identify long-term research opportunities for supporting the development of technologies for UAVs. The objectives of the study were to identify technological developments that would improve the performance and reliability of generation-after-next UAVs at lower cost and to recommend areas of fundamental research in materials, structures, and aeronautical technologies. The study focused on innovations in technology that would leapfrog current technology development and would be ready for scaling-up in the post-2010 time frame (i.e., ready for use on aircraft by 2025). Confronting the "Enemy Within": Security Intelligence, the Police, and Counterterrorism in Four Democracies (2004) Peter Chalk, William Rosenau RAND, 0833035134, 90 pp. Since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, critics have charged that the Federal Bureau of Investigation, while qualified to investigate terrorist incidents after the fact, is not well equipped enough to adequately gather and assess information to prevent attacks. More intrinsically, many believe that given a predominant and deeply rooted law enforcement and prosecutorial culture, the bureau may not be able to change operational focus toward dedicated counterterrorism intelligence gathering and analysis. To better inform debate, researchers analyzed the domestic security structures of four allied countries--the United Kingdom, France, Canada, and Australia--weighing both their positive and negative aspects. (PW/PC) Allied Against Terrorism: What's Needed to Strengthen Worldwide Commitment (2006) Alistair Millar and Eric Rosand The Century Foundation Press through Brookings Institution Press, 0-87078-505-2, 134 pp. Allied against Terrorism is an up-to-date assessment of the global efforts to combat terrorism. Millar and Rosand give a rigorous analysis of the United Nations-led campaign of nonmilitary measure to combat global terrorist threats, identifying some successes but also detailing the many shortcomings of the UN's operation units and political bodies responsible for counterterrorism. They offer suggestions to make UN efforts more coherent and effective, but argue that these reforms are only an interim stage in coordinating an effective global counterterrorism campaign: what truly is needed is a new global organization dedicated to combating terrorism. Internet Under Crisis Conditions: Learning from September 11 (2003) Committee on the Internet Under Crisis Conditions: Learning from the Impact of September 11, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309087023 , 94 pp. This report presents findings of a workshop featuring representatives of Internet Service Providers and others with access to data and insights about how the Internet performed on and immediately after the September 11 attacks. People who design and operate networks were asked to share data and their own preliminary analyses among participants in a closed workshop. They and networking researchers evaluated these inputs to synthesize lessons learned and derive suggestions for improvements in technology, procedures, and, as appropriate, policy. Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy (2001) John Arquilla, David Ronfeldt RAND, 0833030302, 380 pp. Netwar-like cyberwar-describes a new spectrum of conflict that is emerging in the wake of the information revolution. Netwar includes conflicts waged, on the one hand, by terrorists, criminals, gangs, and ethnic extremists; and by civil-society activists (such as cyber activists or WTO protestors) on the other. What distinguishes netwar is the networked organizational structure of its practitioners-with many groups actually being leaderless-and their quickness in coming together in swarming attacks. To confront this new type of conflict, it is crucial for governments, military, and law enforcement to begin networking themselves. The Nuclear Tipping Point (2004) Kurt M. Campbell, Robert Einhorn, and Mitchell Reiss, eds. Foreword by Vartan Gregorian. Brookings Institution Press 0-8157-1331-2, 367 pp. The Nuclear Tipping Point examines the factors, both domestic and transnational, that shape nuclear policy. The authors, distinguished scholars and foreign policy practitioners with extensive government experience, develop a framework for understanding why certain countries may originally have decided to renounce nuclear weapons and pinpoint some more recent country-specific factors that could give them cause to reconsider. New Materials for Next-Generation Commercial Transports (1996) Committee on New Materials for Advanced Civil Aircraft, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council The National Academies Press, 0309053900 , 98 pp. This report explores the application of new materials in the next generation of subsonic transport aircraft. The study identifies engineering issues related to the introduction of new materials and their expected effect on the life-cycle durability of next-generation commercial transport. The study investigated the likely new materials and structural concepts for the next-generation of commercial aircraft and the key factors influencing applications decisions. Based on these predictions, the report identifies and analyzes the design, characterization, monitoring, and maintenance issues that appeared to be most critical for the introduction of advanced materials and structural concepts. Countering the New Terrorism (1999) Ian Lesser, Bruce Hoffman, John Arquilla, David F. Ronfeldt, Michele Zanini, Brian Michael Jenkins RAND, 0833026674, 176 pp. Traces the recent evolution of international terrorism against civilian and U.S. military targets, looks ahead to where terrorism is going, and assesses how it might be contained. The authors consider the threat of information-based terrorism and of weapons of mass destruction, with an emphasis on how changes in the sources and nature of terrorism may affect the use of unconventional terror. The authors propose counterterrorism strategies that address the growing problem of homeland defense. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats (2006) Committee on Assessment of Security Technologies for Transportation, National Research Council (National Academies Press) 0-309-10074-7, 46 pp. Rand Unconquerable Nation: Knowing Our Enemy, Strengthening Ourselves (2006) Brian Michael Jenkins RAND, 0833038915, 254 pp. The author presents a clear-sighted and sobering analysis of where we are today in the struggle against terrorism. Jenkins, an internationally renowned authority on terrorism, distills the jihadists' operational code and outlines a pragmatic but principled approach to defeating the terrorist enterprise. We need to build upon our traditions of determination and self-reliance, he argues, and above all, preserve our commitment to American values. Beyond al-Qaeda: Part 1, The Global Jihadist Movement (2006) Angel Rabasa, Peter Chalk, Kim Cragin, Sara A. Daly, Heather S. Gregg, Theodore W. Karasik , Kevin A. O'Brien, William Rosenau RAND, 083303930X, 224 pp. Examines al-Qaeda's evolution and the emergence of the broader global jihadist movement-groups affiliated, associated, or inspired by al-Qaeda-and the threat that they pose to the United States and U.S. allies and interests. The authors conclude by setting out a four-pronged strategy to counter the jihadist threat. Beyond al-Qaeda: Part 2, The Outer Rings of the Terrorist Universe (2006) Angel Rabasa, Peter Chalk, Kim Cragin, Sara A. Daly, Heather S. Gregg, Theodore W. Karasik , Kevin A. O'Brien, William Rosenau RAND, 0833039326, 210 pp. Examines violent terrorist groups that, while not formally allied with al-Qaeda, could pose a threat to Americans now or in the future and to the security of our friends and allies. The authors show how terrorists use criminal organizations and connections to finance their activities, and they identify distinct strategies to neutralize or mitigate these threats. Striking First: Preemptive and Preventive Attack in U.S. National Security Policy (2006) Karl P. Mueller, Jasen J. Castillo, Forrest E. Morgan, Negeen Pegahi, Brian Rosen RAND, 0833038818, 344 pp. RAND Project AIR FORCE studied the post-9/11 shift in U.S. defense policy emphasis toward preemptive and preventive attack, asking under what conditions preemptive or preventive attack is worth considering as a response to percei
