Table of Contents
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Front Matter	i-x
Summary	1-4	(skim)
1.2 Scope	5-6	(skim)
1.3 Approach	7-7	(skim)
2.1.2 Survey Distribution and Analysis	8-8	(skim)
2.2.2 Part 2: Driver Factors Associated with Risk	9-9	(skim)
2.2.4 Part 4: Driver Evaluation	10-10	(skim)
2.2.7 Part 7: Respondent Information	11-13	(skim)
3.2 Models of Driver Error and Risk	14-16	(skim)
4.1.1 Age	17-17	(skim)
4.2.1 Commercial Driving Experience	18-18	(skim)
4.2.3 Crashes, Violations, and Incidents	19-20	(skim)
4.3 Non-Driving Criminal History	21-21	(skim)
4.4.1 Sleep Apnea	22-22	(skim)
4.4.3 Diabetes	23-23	(skim)
4.6 Driver Fatigue	24-27	(skim)
4.7 Personality	28-28	(skim)
4.7.2 Social Maladjustment and Aggressive/Angry Personalities	29-29	(skim)
4.9.2 Recent Involvement in Other Crashes	31-31	(skim)
4.10.1 Maritime Operations	32-32	(skim)
4.10.3 Aviation	33-33	(skim)
5.2.1 Systematic Hiring	34-35	(skim)
5.2.2 Selection Tests	36-37	(skim)
5.3 Driver Performance Evaluation	38-38	(skim)
5.4.1 Training and Counseling	39-39	(skim)
5.4.2 Rewards and Punishment	40-40	(skim)
5.4.3 Behavior-Based Safety	41-42	(skim)
5.4.5 Termination	43-44	(skim)
Chapter 6 - Research and Development Needs	45-46	(skim)
References	47-51	(skim)
Appendix A - Glossary	52-52	(skim)
Appendix B - Project Statement of Work	53-53	(skim)
Appendix C - Carrier Safety Manager Survey Form	54-56	(skim)
Appendix D - Other Expert Survey Form	57-59	(skim)
Appendix E - Relevant Statistical Concepts	60-64	(skim)
Appendix F-1 - Driver Hiring Process	66-66	(skim)
Appendix F-2 - Application for Employment	67-69	(skim)
Appendix F-3 - Structured Personal Interview	70-79	(skim)
Appendix F-4 - Minimum Driver Eligibility Criteria	80-81	(skim)
Appendix F-5 - Driver Safety Record	82-82	(skim)
Appendix F-6 - Performance Coaching Job Aid	83-83	(skim)
Abbreviations used without definitions in TRB publications	84-84	(skim)

Description

TRB's Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program (CTBSSP) Synthesis 4: Individual Differences and the "High-Risk" Commercial Driver explores individual differences among commercial drivers, particularly as these differences relate to the "high-risk" commercial driver. The synthesis identifies factors relating to commercial vehicle crash risk and assesses ways that the high-risk driver can be targeted by various safety programs and practices, at both fleet- and industry-wide levels.

CTBSSP Synthesis 4:

Individual Differences and the "High-Risk" Commercial Driver

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