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Materials with nanoscale structure (i.e. a structure of less than 100 nanometers in size) represent a new and exciting field of research. These materials can be produced in many ways, possess a number of unique properties compared with coarser-scaled structures, and have several possible applications with significant technological importance. Based on a state-of-the-art survey of research findings and commercial prospects, this new book concludes that much work remains to be done in characterizing these structures and their exceptional properties, and presents recommendations for the specific research and development activities needed to fill these gaps in our understanding.

Suggested Citation

National Research Council. 1989. Research Opportunities for Materials with Ultrafine Microstructures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/1488.

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Publication Info

130 pages |  8.5 x 11 |  Paperback
ISBN: 978-0-309-04183-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/1488
Chapters skim
Front Matter i-xiv
Executive Summary 1-6
1 Introduction. 7-8
REFERENCES 9-10
MOLECULAR SYNTHESIS 11-12
REDUCTIVE PYROLYSIS 13-13
GEL SYNTHESIS 14-16
In Situ Composites 17-18
Volatile-Host Method 19-19
SUPERCRITICAL FLUID PROCESSING 20-20
LASER PYROLYSIS 21-21
COLLOIDAL SYNTHESIS 22-24
REACTIVE SPUTTERING 25-26
CRYOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS. 27-27
CHEMICAL VAPOR SYNTHESIS 28-28
ION-BEAM PROCESSING 29-29
MECHANICAL PROCESSING 30-30
GAS-CONDENSATION SYNTHESIS 31-33
RAPID SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSING 34-34
REFERENCES 35-38
FILAMENTARY STRUCTURES 39-41
Electrodeposition 42-42
Cluster Beam Deposition 43-43
Carbon SiC. 44-44
SiC TiSi2 45-45
MACROMOLECULAR COMPOSITE STRUCTURES 46-48
HETEROGENEOUS NANOCOMPOSITES 49-50
HIGH-SURFACE-AREA MATERIALS 51-51
Bare Metal Clusters 52-52
Zeolites 53-53
MEMBRANES 54-55
REFERENCES 56-58
4 Characterization Methods. 59-59
X-RAY AND NEUTRON SCATTERING 60-61
Structural Imaging 62-62
Analytical Electron Microscopy 63-63
Optical Spectroscopy 64-64
Nuclear Spectroscopy. 65-65
OTHER PROMISING METHODS 66-66
REFERENCES 67-70
Magnetic Properties. 71-72
Densification and Sintering has recently been carried out using the gas-condensation method, and the ... 73-73
Diffusion and Solid-State Reactions 74-76
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 77-78
CATALYTIC PROPERTIES 79-81
STABILITY 82-85
REFERENCES 86-88
ELECTROCERAMICS 89-90
ULTRASTRUCTURED CERAMICS 91-92
PERMANENT MAGNETS 93-94
POLYMER-SILICA MICROCOMPOSITES 95-95
CERMETS 96-96
REFERENCES 97-98
7 Summary and Recommendations 99-104
Bibliography 105-106
Appendix A Definitions of Acronyms 107-108
Appendix B Biographical Sketches of Committee Members 109-111

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