%0 Book %A National Research Council %T Strengthening Long-Term Nuclear Security: Protecting Weapon-Usable Material in Russia %@ 978-0-309-09705-5 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11377/strengthening-long-term-nuclear-security-protecting-weapon-usable-material-in %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11377/strengthening-long-term-nuclear-security-protecting-weapon-usable-material-in %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 118 %R doi:10.17226/11377 %X In July 2005, the National Academies released the report Strengthening Long-term Nuclear Security: Protecting Weapon-Usable Material in Russia. The report highlighted several obstacles in the transition from a U.S.-Russian cooperative program to a Russian-directed and Russian-funded fully indigenized program that will ensure the security of 600 tons of weapon-usable nuclear material at a level of international acceptability. Overcoming these obstacles requires an increased political commitment at a number of levels of the Russian Government to modern material protection, control, and accounting systems (MPC&A). Adequate resources must be provided to facilities where weapon-usable material is located for upgrading and maintaining MPC&A systems. Additionally, the technical security systems that are being installed through the cooperative program need to be fully embraced by Russian managers and specialists. The report recommends the establishment of a ten-year indigenization fund of about $500 million provided by Russia and its G-8 partners as a new mechanism for gradually shifting the financial burden of MPC&A to the Russian Government.