| Type of Network | Rudimentary Learning: Incremental Improvement of Rent-Seeking Skills | Individual Learning: Investment of Top Managers' Time and Company's Resources to Master Market Routines | Creation of Sustained Organizational Capabilities: Investment in Managerial Team |
| External networks are small | "Fly-by-night" manager (2) |
Entrepreneur--a business loner (7) |
Profit-oriented management (1) |
| Networks are extensive and growing | Lobbying group, cronyism (1) |
Charismatic leader with established reputation and extensive informal networks (3) |
Growth-oriented management, often acting as a catalyst for business group creation (2) |