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Appendix W
Background Information on Panel Members and Professional Staff
Synthesis Panel Members
The Honorable DANIEL J. EVANS, Chairman, is chairman of
Daniel J. Evans & Associates in Seattle, Washington. A
registered civil and structural engineer, he served as United
States Senator from the State of Washington from 1983 to 1989, and
as governor from 1965 to 1977. He was president of The Evergreen
State College from 1977 to 1983 and chaired the Pacific Northwest
Power and Conservation Planning Council from 1981 to 1983. He is a
member of the National Academy of Public Administration.
ROBERT McCORMICK ADAMS is secretary of the Smithsonian
Institution in Washington, D.C. An anthropologist and educator, he
conducted field research on the history of irrigation and urban
settlements. Formerly provost at the University of Chicago, he is a
member of the National Academy of Sciences.
GEORGE F. CARRIER is T. Jefferson Coolidge Professor of
Applied Mathematics, emeritus, at Harvard University in Cambridge,
Massachusetts. He specializes in mathematical modelling of fluid
dynamics. He chaired the 1985 Academy Committee on Atmospheric
Effects of Nuclear Explosions. He is a member of the National
Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering.
RICHARD N. COOPER is professor of economics at Harvard
University in Cambridge, Massachusetts and a director of the
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. He served as a member of the
Council of Economic Advisors from 1961 to 1963. From 1972 to 1974
he was provost at Yale University. He was Undersecretary of State
for Economic Affairs from 1977 to 1981.
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ROBERT A. FROSCH is vice president at General Motors
Research Laboratories in Warren, Michigan. He was Assistant
Secretary of the Navy for Research and Development from 1966 to
1973. From 1973 to 1975 he was assistant executive director of the
United Nations Environment Programme. He was director of the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration from 1977 to 1981. He
is a member of the National Academy of Engineering.
THOMAS H. LEE is professor emeritus in the Department of
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Massachusetts
Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He worked at
General Electric for 32 years, and from 1978 to 1980 was staff
executive and chief technologist. From 1980 to 1984 he directed the
Electric Power Systems Engineering Laboratory at Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, and was director of the International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis from 1984 to 1987. He is a
member of the National Academy of Engineering.
JESSICA TUCHMAN MATHEWS is vice president at the World
Resources Institute in Washington, D.C. A molecular biologist and
policy analyst, she was a professional staff to the United States
Congress House Interior Committee from 1974 to 1975. From 1977 to
1979, she was director of the Office for Global Issues at the
National Security Council.
WILLIAM D. NORDHAUS is professor of economics at Yale
University in New Haven, Connecticut. He was a member of the
Council of Economic Advisors from 1977 to 1979. From 1986 to 1988
he was provost at Yale University.
GORDON H. ORIANS is professor of zoology and was formerly
director of the Institute for Environmental Studies at the
University of Washington in Seattle, Washington. He specializes in
evolution of vertebrate species. He is a member of the National
Academy of Sciences.
STEPHEN H. SCHNEIDER is head of Interdisciplinary Climate
Systems at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder,
Colorado. He is an expert on global climate change models, and is
editor of Climate Change.
MAURICE STRONG served on the Panel until February, 1990
when he resigned due to his commitment to serve as secretary
general to the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and
Development. He was director-general of the External Aid Office of
the Canadian government, and Undersecretary General of the United
Nations with responsibility for environmental affairs. He was chief
executive of the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human
Environment.
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SIR CRISPIN TICKELL is warden of Green College, Oxford,
United Kingdom. He entered the British diplomatic service in 1954.
From 1984 to 1987 he was permanent secretary of the Overseas
Development Administration in the United Kingdom. From 1987 to 1990
he was permanent representative of the United Kingdom to the United
Nations. He is author of Climate Change and World Affairs
(University Press of America, 1986).
VICTORIA J. TSCHINKEL is senior consultant with Landers,
Parsons and Uhlfelder in Tallahassee, Florida. From 1981 to 1987
she was secretary of the Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation. An expert on environmental regulation and management,
she is a member of the National Academy of Public Administration.
She is also a member of the Electric Power Research Institute
Advisory Council and the Advisory Committee for Nuclear Facility
Safety.
PAUL E. WAGGONER is distinguished scientist at the
Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station in New Haven,
Connecticut. He chaired the American Association for the
Advancement of Science panel on Climatic Variability, Climate
Change, and the Planning and Management of United States Water
Resources. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
Effects Panel Members
GEORGE F. CARRIER, Chairman, is T. Jefferson Coolidge
Professor of Applied Mathematics, emeritus, at Harvard University
in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He specializes in mathematical
modeling of fluid dynamics. He chaired the 1985 Academy Committee
on Atmospheric Effects of Nuclear Explosions. He is a member of the
National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of
Engineering.
WILFRIED BRUTSAERT is professor of hydrology at Cornell
University in Ithaca, New York. Among other topics, his research
includes interactions between microclimate and hydrologic systems,
including evaporation, infiltration, and drainage.
ROBERT D. CESS is distinguished service professor of
atmospheric sciences at the State University of New York in Stony
Brook, New York. He heads an international program to compare
atmospheric global circulation models. His research interests
include atmospheric radiation and climate modeling.
HERMAN CHERNOFF is professor of statistics at Harvard
University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His research has included
statistical problems in econometrics, sequential design of
experiments, rational selection of decision
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functions, large sample theory, and pattern recognition. He is a
member of the National Academy of Sciences.
ROBERT E. DICKINSON is professor at the Institute for
Atmospheric Research at the University of Arizona in Tucson,
Arizona. His interests include atmospheric processes, upper
atmosphere radiation and dynamics, and climate effects of land use
change. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
JOHN IMBRIE is H. L. Doherty Professor of Oceanography at
Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. He specializes in
paleoecology and biometrics. He is a member of the National Academy
of Sciences.
THOMAS B. KARL is a meteorologist at the National Climate
Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina. His interests include the
analysis and reconstruction of the 20th century climate record, and
design and management strategies for environmentally sensitive
systems.
MICHAEL C. MacCRACKEN is Division Leader of the
Atmospheric and Geophysical Sciences Division at the Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California. His primary
interest is in modeling of climate change. He has also served as a
scientific advisor to the Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide
Research program since 1978.
BERRIEN MOORE is director of the Institute for Study of
Earth, Oceans, and Space at the University of New Hampshire in
Durham, New Hampshire. His interests are earth system modeling,
with special focus on interactions of biological, geological, and
chemical cycles.
Mitigation Panel Members
THOMAS H. LEE, Chairman, is professor emeritus in the
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge. He worked at
General Electric for 32 years, and from 1978 to 1980 was staff
executive and chief technologist. From 1980 to 1984 he directed the
Electric Power Systems Engineering Laboratory at Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, and was director of the International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis from 1984 to 1987. He is a
member of the National Academy of Engineering.
PETER BREWER is executive director of the Monterey Bay
Aquarium Research Institute in Monterey Bay, California. He was
formerly with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Woods
Hole, Massachusetts, and
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Representative terms from entire chapter:
greenhouse warming
Page 862
program director of marine chemistry at the National Science
Foundation. He also serves as a member of the NRC Oceans Studies
Board and is chair of its panel on CO2.
RICHARD N. COOPER is professor of economics at Harvard
University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and a director of the
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. He served as a member of the
Council of Economic Advisors from 1961 to 1963. From 1972 to 1974
he was provost at Yale University. He was Undersecretary of State
for Economic Affairs from 1977 to 1981.
ROBERT CRANDALL is a senior fellow at the Brookings
Institute in Washington, D.C. From 1977 to 1978 he was deputy
director of the Council on Wage and Price Stability. From 1974 to
1974 he was an economic advisor at the Federal Communications
Commission. From 1966 to 1974 he was a professor of economics at
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
ROBERT EVENSON is a professor of economics at Yale
University's Economic Growth Center in New Haven, Connecticut. His
research is in the area of agricultural development and the
economics of science and technology.
DOUGLAS FOY is executive director of the Conservation Law
Foundation, Inc., in Boston, Massachusetts. His background is in
the area of energy and environmental law.
ROBERT A. FROSCH is vice president at General Motors
Research Labs in Warren, Michigan. He was Assistant Secretary of
the Navy for Research and Development from 1966 to 1973. From 1973
to 1974 he was assistant executive director of the United Nations
Environment Programme. He was director of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration from 1977 to 1981. He is a member of the
National Academy of Engineering.
RICHARD GARWIN is a fellow at the Thomas J. Watson
Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, and an adjunct
professor of physics at Columbia University. He is a member of the
National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and
Institute of Medicine.
JOSEPH GLAS is vice-president and general manager of the
Fluorochemicals Division of E.I. du Pont in Washington, Delaware.
He serves as an executive committee vice-president, member of the
board of directors, and vice-chairman of the research committee for
the American Refrigeration Institute (ARI). His background is in
research, manufacturing, and marketing, with degrees in chemistry
and chemical engineering.
Page 863
KAI N. LEE taught political science and environmental
studies at the University of Washington and was a visiting
professor at the Institute of Economic Research at Japan's Kyoto
University while this study was under way. He is now professor and
director of the Center for Environmental Studies at Williams
College. He was a member of the Northwest Power Planning Council
from 1983 to 1987.
GREGG MARLAND is a scientist with the Environmental
Sciences Division of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak
Ridge, Tennessee. From 1975 to 1987 he was a scientist with the
Institute for Energy Analysis. His research is in the area of
environmental geochemistry, energy options and their environmental
implications, and energy resources.
JESSICA TUCHMAN MATHEWS is vice-president at the World
Resources Institute in Washington, D.C. A molecular biologist and
policy analyst, she was on the professional staff of the United
States Congress House Interior Committee from 1974 to 1975. From
1977 to 1979 she was director of the Office for Global Issues at
the National Security Council.
ARTHUR H. ROSENFELD is professor of physics, University
of California at Berkeley; director, Center for Building Science,
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL); and acting director, California
Institute for Energy Efficiency. Formerly a particle physicist, he
established and directed the International Particle Data Group at
LBL/CERN (1957 to 1974). Currently, his research is in energy
efficiency, and he was founding president of ACEEE (American
Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy) from 1979 to 1990.
EDWARD S. RUBIN is professor of mechanical engineering
and public policy and director, Center for Energy and Environmental
Studies at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
He also holds a chair as the Alumni Professor of Environmental
Engineering and Sciences. From 1985 to 1989 he was a member of the
National Air Pollution Control Techniques Advisory Committee of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. His research is in the area
of environmental impacts of coal conversion and utilization,
modeling of energy and environmental systems, air quality
management, and technology assessment and public policy.
MILTON RUSSELL is professor of economics at the
University of Tennessee in Knoxville and senior economist at Oak
Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. From 1983 to
1987 he was assistant administrator for policy, planning, and
evaluation at the Environmental Protection Agency. From 1976 to
1983 he was senior fellow and director of the Center
Page 864
for Energy Policy Research at Resources for the Future. His
current research is in the area of environmental policy and policy
formation.
STEPHEN H. SCHNEIDER is head of Interdisciplinary Climate
Systems at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder,
Colorado. He is an expert on global climate models and serves on
the United States National Climate Program Advisory Committee and
the Advisory Committee to the World Climate Studies Program.
EUGENE B. SKOLNIKOFF is professor of political science at
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge. He is a
member of the Department of State OES Advisory Committee. From 1979
to 1985 he was chairman of the board of the German Marshall Fund of
the United States and has served in the White House Science
Advisor's Office during several administrations. His research is in
the area of international science, technology, and public
policy.
THOMAS H. STIX is professor of astrophysical sciences and
director of the Program in Plasma Physics at Princeton University,
Princeton, New Jersey. His research is in the area of controlled
fusion, waves and instabilities, and plasma heating and
confinement.
EDITH BROWN WEISS of Georgetown University in Washington,
D.C., served on the panel until May 1990, when she joined the
Environmental Protection Agency. Her background is in international
environmental law and policy.
Adaptation Panel Members
PAUL E. WAGGONER, Chairman, is distinguished scientist at
the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station in New Haven. He
chaired the American Association for the Advancement of Science's
Panel on Climatic Variability, Climate Change, and the Planning and
Management of United States Water Resources. He is a member of the
National Academy of Sciences.
JESSE H. AUSUBEL is a fellow in science and public policy
at Rockefeller University in New York City and director of studies
for the Carnegie Commission on Science, Technology, and Government.
From 1983 through 1988 Mr. Ausubel served as director of the
Program Office of the National Academy of Engineering. He has
served as a resident fellow at the National Academy of Sciences,
and as a research scholar at the International Institute
Page 865
for Applied Systems Analysis in Laxenburg, Austria. From 1981 to
1983 he was a National Research Council staff officer, principally
responsible for studies of the greenhouse effect.
CLARK BINKLEY is dean of the faculty of forestry at the
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. From 1979 to
1990 he served in the school of forestry and environmental studies
at Yale University.
MARY M. KRITZ is associate director of the population and
development program at Cornell University.
JOSHUA LEDERBERG is a university professor of Rockefeller
University in New York City, where he served as president from 1978
to 1988. He was on the faculty of the genetics department at the
University of Wisconsin from 1947 to 1959 and at Stanford
University from 1959 to 1978. He is a member of the National
Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine.
WILLIAM LEWIS is a partner with McKinsey and Company in
Washington, D.C. Dr. Lewis served as a deputy assistant secretary
at the Department of Defense from 1977 to 1979 and as assistant
secretary for policy and evaluation at the Department of Energy
from 1979 to 1981.
JON C. LIEBMAN is professor of environmental engineering
at the University of Illinois in Urbana where he has been on the
faculty since 1976. Dr. Liebman earlier was on the faculty of Johns
Hopkins University.
JANE LUBCHENCO is professor of zoology at Oregon State
University in Corvallis and is a research associate of the
Smithsonian Institution. She was on the faculty of Harvard
University from 1975 to 1977. She is also a member of the National
Research Council's Board on Environmental Studies and
Toxicology.
WILLIAM D. NORDHAUS is professor of economics at Yale
University. He was a member of the Council of Economic Advisors
from 1977 to 1979. From 1986 to 1988 he was provost at Yale
University.
GORDON H. ORIANS is professor of zoology and was formerly
director of the Institute for Environmental Studies at the
University of Washington in Seattle. He specializes in evolution of
vertebrate species. He is a member of the National Academy of
Sciences.
WILLIAM E. RIEBSAME is director of the Natural Hazards
Research and Applications Information Center and assistant
professor of geography at the
Page 866
University of Colorado in Boulder. He served as an A. W. Mellon
postdoctoral fellow on the joint SCOPE-UNEP project on ''Improving
the Science of Climate—Impact Study."
NORMAN J. ROSENBERG is senior fellow and director of the
Climate Resources Program at Resources for the Future in
Washington, D.C. Dr. Rosenberg was on the faculty of the University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, from 1961 to 1987. He has served as a
consultant to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
and the Department of the Interior, among others. He was a member
of the National Research Council's Board on Atmospheric Sciences
and Climate from 1982 to 1985.
DANIEL P. SHEER is president of Water Resources
Management in Columbia, Maryland. Previously he served as director
of the Cooperative Water Supply Operations on the Potomac,
Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin, and as executive
secretary of the Power Plant Siting Studies Group at John Hopkins
University.
SIR CRISPIN TICKELL is warden of Green College, Oxford,
United Kingdom. He entered the British diplomatic service in 1954.
From 1984 to 1987 he was permanent secretary of the Overseas
Development Administration in the United Kingdom. From 1987 to 1990
he was permanent representative of the United Kingdom of the United
Nations. He is the author of Climate Change and World
Affairs (University Press of America, 1986).
Professional Staff
ROB COPPOCK is staff director for the Panel on Policy
Implications of Greenhouse Warming of the Committee on Science,
Engineering, and Public Policy of the National Academy of Sciences,
the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine
in Washington, D.C. From 1976 to 1984 he was a staff scientist at
the International Institute for Environment and Society in Berlin,
Germany. He has been on the staff at the Academy since 1985. He
currently is chairman of the Global Risk Analysis Division of the
Society for Risk Analysis.
NANCY A. CROWELL is administrative specialist for the
Panel on Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming of the Committee
on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy of the National Academy
of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute
of Medicine in Washington, D.C.
Page 867
DEBORAH D. STINE is staff officer for the Panel on Policy
Implications of Greenhouse Warming of the Committee on Science,
Engineering, and Public Policy of the National Academy of Sciences,
the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine
in Washington, D.C. Her specialties are environmental engineering
and policy analysis. From 1983 to 1988 she was an air pollution
engineer with the Texas Air Pollution Control Board. From 1988 to
1989 she was an air issues manager at the Chemical Manufacturers
Association.
