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Biographical Memoirs
National Academy of Sciences
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National Academy of Sciences
of the United States of America
Biographical Memoirs
VOLUME 71
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
WASHINGTON, D.C.
1997
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The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by Act of Congress as a private, nonprofit, self-governing membership corporation for the furtherance of science and technology, required to advise the federal government upon request within its fields of competence. Under its corporate charter the Academy established the National Research Council in 1916, the National Academy of Engineering in 1964, and the Institute of Medicine in 1970.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER 0-309-05738-8
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER 0077-2933
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 5-26629
Available from
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
2101 CONSTITUTION AVENUE, N.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20418
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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CONTENTS
PREFACE
vii
JEROME W. CONN
BY WILLIAM H. DAUGHADAY
3
ALLAN V. COX
BY KONRAD B. KRAUSKOPF
17
JOHN MICHAEL DALY
BY MYRON K. BRAKKE
33
EDWARD SMITH DEEVEY, JR.
BY W. T. EDMONDSON
49
BERNARD N. FIELDS
BY SONDRA SCHLESINGER
63
RAYMOND MATTHEW FUOSS
BY MICHAEL A. COPLAN
79
LESTER ORVILLE KRAMPITZ
BY ROBERT HOGG, CHARLES G. MILLER, AND C. WILLARD SHUSTER
97
ERNEST GEORGE MERRITT
BY PAUL L. HARTMAN
111
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ROBERT McC. NETTING
BY OLGA F. LINARES
125
ALLEN NEWELL
BY HERBERT A. SIMON
141
J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER
BY H. A. BETHE
175
LINUS CARL PAULING
BY JACK D. DUNITZ
221
CARL PFAFFMANN
BY LORRIN A. RIGGS
263
EDWARD SAPIR
BY REGNA DARNELL AND JUDITH T. IRVINE
281
RICHARD LESTER SOLOMON
BY ROBERT A. RESCORLA
301
ROGER WOLCOTT SPERRY
BY THEODORE J. VONEIDA
315
DEWITT STETTEN, JR.
BY J. EDWIN SEEGMILLER
333
JABEZ CURRY STREET
BY K. T. BAINBRIDGE, E. M. PURCELL, N. F. RAMSEY, AND K. STRAUCH
347
FRANCIS JOHN TURNER
BY IRIS Y. BORG AND LIONEL E. WEISS
357
ERNEST GLEN WEVER
BY JACK VERNON
371
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PREFACE
On March 3, 1863, Abraham Lincoln signed the Act of Incorporation that brought the National Academy of Sciences into being. In accordance with that original charter, the Academy is a private, honorary organization of scientists, elected for outstanding contributions to knowledge, who can be called upon to advise the federal government. As an institution the Academy's goal is to work toward increasing scientific knowledge and to further the use of that knowledge for the general good.
The Biographical Memoirs, begun in 1877, are a series of volumes containing the life histories and selected bibliographies of deceased members of the Academy. Colleagues familiar with the discipline and the subject's work prepare the essays. These volumes, then, contain a record of the life and work of our most distinguished leaders in the sciences, as witnessed and interpreted by their colleagues and peers. They form a biographical history of science in America—an important part of our nation's contribution to the intellectual heritage of the world.
PETER H. RAVEN
Home Secretary
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