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Speaking of Health: Assessing Health Communication Strategies for Diverse Populations (2002)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "4 The Mammography Exemplar." Speaking of Health: Assessing Health Communication Strategies for Diverse Populations. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2002.

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Speaking of Health: Assessing Health Communication Strategies for Diverse Populations

TABLE 4-1 Estimated Intervention Effects

 

 

Combined Estimate

Difference

 

Intervention Type

Number of Studies

Unadjusted (95-percent confidence intervala)

Adjusted for Monthsb

Combined Estimate

Odds Ratio (95-percent confidence intervala)

Access enhancingc

14

18.9

(10.4, 27.4)

16.5

2.3

(1.7, 3.1)

Individual directed associated with a health care setting

15

17.6

(11.6, 24.0)

14.1

2.5

(1.9, 3.4)

Individual directed associated with a community setting

13

6.8

(1.8, 11.8)

7.0

1.3

(1.0, 1.6)

Community educationa

14

9.7

(3.9, 15.6)

10.4

1.5

(1.2, 1.9)

Media Campaignsa

6

5.9

(0.3, 11.5)

11.4

(1.0, 1.8)

1.3

Social Networka

7

5.8

(-0.2, 11.9)

13.0

1.4

(1.0, 2.0)

Estimated combined effect sizes with confidence limits for each intervention type. Random effects models. Studies may be classified as implementing more than one type of intervention. Entire group comparisons for primary outcomes.

aConfidence intervals only approximate because cluster randomization is not taken into account.

bModel includes outcome months.

cControl groups do not include strategies of the same intervention type.

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