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Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc (2001)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

Citation Manager

. "4 Vitamin A." Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2001.

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc

TABLE 4-6 Vitamin A Intake from a Vegan Diet High in Carotene-Rich Fruits and Vegetables

Meal

Foods Eaten

β-Carotene Equivalents Intakea (μg)

Retinol Intake (μg)

Vitamin A Intake (μg RAEb)

Breakfast

Bagel (1 medium)

0

0

0

 

Peanut butter (2 T)

1

0

0

 

Canned pineapple, juice pack (1/2 cup)

40

0

3

 

Orange juice (3/4 cup)

103

0

9

 

Total for meal

143

0

12

Snack

Banana (1 medium)

28

0

2

 

Total for snack

28

0

2

Lunch

Vegetable soup, prepared from ready-to-serve can (1 cup)

1,195

0

166

 

Hummus (2 T)

2

0

0

 

White pita (1 large)

0

0

0

 

Soy milk (1 cup)

0

0

0

 

Apple, with skin (1 medium)

70

0

6

 

Total for meal

2,067

0

172

Dinner

Lettuce salad: romaine lettuce (1 cup) with tomato (2 wedges) and oil and vinegar dressing (2 T)

850

0

71

 

Baked sweet potato (1 medium)

10,195

0

850

 

Bean burrito (1 medium) with avocado (3 slices) and salsa (2 T)

165

0

13

 

Soy milk (1 cup)

0

0

0

 

Total for meal

11,210

0

934

Snack

Vegetable juice (3/4 cup)

1,697

0

141

 

Nuts, seeds and dried fruit mixture (1/4 cup)

2

0

0

 

Total for snack

1,699

0

141

Daily Totals

 

15,148

0

1,262

NOTE: Source of food composition data: NDS-R Food and Nutrient Data Base, Version 30, 1999, Nutrition Coordinating Center, University of Minnesota. Nutrient totals may not equal the sum of the parts.

a β-Carotene equivalents (μg) = μg β-carotene + 1/2(μg α-carotene + μg β-cryptoxanthin).

b RAE = retinol activity equivalents; 1 RAE = 1 μg retinol + 1/12(μg β-carotene equivalents).

Page
120
Front Matter (R1-R24)
Summary (1-28)
1 Introduction to Dietary Reference Intakes (29-43)
2 Overview and Methods (44-59)
3 A Model for the Development of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (60-81)
4 Vitamin A (82-161)
5 Vitamin K (162-196)
6 Chromium (197-223)
7 Copper (224-257)
8 Iodine (258-289)
9 Iron (290-393)
10 Manganese (394-419)
11 Molybdenum (420-441)
12 Zinc (442-501)
13 Arsenic, Boron, Nickel, Silicon, and Vanadium (502-553)
14 Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes (554-579)
15 A Research Agenda (580-586)
Appendix A Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intake (587-590)
Appendix B Acknowledgments (591-593)
Appendix C Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (594-643)
Appendix D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996 (644-653)
Appendix E Dietary Intake Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Total Diet Study, 1991-1997 (654-673)
Appendix F Canadian Dietary Intake Data, 1990 (674-679)
Appendix G Biochemical Indicators for Iron, Vitamin A, and Iodine from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (680-691)
Appendix H Comparison of Vitamin A and Iron Intake and Biochemical Indicators from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (692-696)
Appendix I Iron Intakes and Estimated Percentile of the Distribution of Iron Requirements from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996 (697-703)
Appendix J Glossary and Acronyms (704-708)
Appendix K Conversion of Units (709-709)
Appendix L Options for Dealing with Uncertainties (710-714)
Appendix M Biographical Sketches of Panel and Subcommittee Members (715-728)
Index (729-769)
Summary Table, Dietary Reference Intakes: Recommended Intakes for Individuals, Vitamins (770-771)
Summary Table, Dietary Reference Intakes: Recommended Intakes for Individuals, Elements (772-773)