National Academy of Sciences | 150 Year Anniversary

Questions? Call 800-624-6242

| Items in cart [0]

The National Academies Press

PAPERBACK
price:$59.95
add to cart

HARDBACK
price:$79.95
add to cart

Rights & Permissions

topleft topright

Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc (2001)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

Citation Manager

. "Summary." Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2001.

Please select a format:

BibTeX EndNote RefMan


Page
17
bottomleft bottomright

The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy.


Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc

EAR (μg/d)a

RDA (μg/d)b

 

Male

Female

Male

Female

AI (μg/d)c

 

110

 

130

65

65

90

90

 

65

65

90

90

 

73

73

120

120

 

95

95

150

150

 

95

95

150

150

 

95

95

150

150

 

 

160

 

220

 

 

160

 

220

 

 

209

 

290

 

 

209

 

290

 

mg/day), vanadium (1.8 mg/day), and zinc (40 mg/day), as shown in Table S-10, were set to protect the most sensitive individuals in the general population (such as those who might be below the reference adult weight).

Members of the general, apparently healthy population should be advised not to routinely exceed the UL. However, intake above the UL may be appropriate for investigation within well-controlled clinical trials to ascertain if such intakes are of benefit to health for specific reasons. Clinical trials of doses above the UL should not be discouraged, as it is expected that participation in these trials will require informed consent that will include discussion of the possi-

Page
17
Front Matter (R1-R24)
Summary (1-28)
1 Introduction to Dietary Reference Intakes (29-43)
2 Overview and Methods (44-59)
3 A Model for the Development of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (60-81)
4 Vitamin A (82-161)
5 Vitamin K (162-196)
6 Chromium (197-223)
7 Copper (224-257)
8 Iodine (258-289)
9 Iron (290-393)
10 Manganese (394-419)
11 Molybdenum (420-441)
12 Zinc (442-501)
13 Arsenic, Boron, Nickel, Silicon, and Vanadium (502-553)
14 Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes (554-579)
15 A Research Agenda (580-586)
Appendix A Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intake (587-590)
Appendix B Acknowledgments (591-593)
Appendix C Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (594-643)
Appendix D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996 (644-653)
Appendix E Dietary Intake Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Total Diet Study, 1991-1997 (654-673)
Appendix F Canadian Dietary Intake Data, 1990 (674-679)
Appendix G Biochemical Indicators for Iron, Vitamin A, and Iodine from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (680-691)
Appendix H Comparison of Vitamin A and Iron Intake and Biochemical Indicators from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (692-696)
Appendix I Iron Intakes and Estimated Percentile of the Distribution of Iron Requirements from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996 (697-703)
Appendix J Glossary and Acronyms (704-708)
Appendix K Conversion of Units (709-709)
Appendix L Options for Dealing with Uncertainties (710-714)
Appendix M Biographical Sketches of Panel and Subcommittee Members (715-728)
Index (729-769)
Summary Table, Dietary Reference Intakes: Recommended Intakes for Individuals, Vitamins (770-771)
Summary Table, Dietary Reference Intakes: Recommended Intakes for Individuals, Elements (772-773)