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OCR for page 680
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
G
Biochemical Indicators for Iron, Vitamin A, and Iodine from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994
TABLE G-1 Mean and Percentiles for Hemoglobin (g/L), NHANES III (1988–1994)
Sex/Age Categorya
n
Mean
SEMb
Percentile
5th
10th
Both sexes, 1 to 3 y
2,389
120.9
0.2
108.0
110.8
Both sexes, 4 to 8 y
2,910
126.9
0.2
113.5
116.4
M 9 to 13 y
1,110
135.2
0.5
120.3
123.2
M 14 to 18 y
830
149.0
0.6
131.6
135.3
M 19 to 30 y
1,804
154.0
0.4
138.9
142.1
M 31 to 50 y
2,416
152.0
0.4
135.2
139.3
M 51 to 70 y
1,874
148.8
0.2
128.7
134.7
M 71+ y
1,189
143.7
0.6
117.6
125.1
F 9 to 13 y
1,090
131.8
0.5
117.9
121.3
F 14 to 18 y
883
132.4
0.5
116.8
120.3
F 19 to 30 y
1,809
132.8
0.3
115.8
119.8
F 31 to 50 y
2,805
132.2
0.3
112.9
118.3
F 51 to 70 y
1,976
135.1
0.3
117.4
121.7
F 71+ y
1,306
134.1
0.4
113.7
119.5
F Pregnant
317
121.0
1.0
105.1c
108.9
F Lactating
96
134.2
2.1
114.7c
117.6c
F P/L
408
123.9
1.0
106.7c
110.2
All Individuals
24,391
139.5
0.2
116.8
121.3
All Indiv (+P/L)
24,799
139.2
0.2
116.4
120.9
NOTE: Means, standard errors, and percentiles calculated with WesVar Complex Samples 3.0. Children fed human milk and females who had "blank but applicable" pregnancy and lactating status data or who responded "I don't know" to questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses.
a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating.
b SEM = standard error of the mean.
OCR for page 681
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
25th
50th
75th
90th
95th
99th
115.7
120.4
125.7
130.5
133.3
138.3c
121.1
127.2
132.1
136.4
139.2
145.1
128.3
134.6
141.2
146.3
150.1
161.9c
141.5
149.4
156.1
161.0
164.2
169.7c
147.1
153.7
160.1
164.9
168.5
177.7c
145.6
152.2
158.2
164.5
167.8
174.6c
141.7
149.1
155.7
162.2
166.6
174.5c
135.8
144.2
152.6
159.7
164.3
173.2c
126.3
130.6
136.5
143.1
146.2
154.6c
125.9
132.5
138.8
143.8
147.3
153.0c
126.3
133.0
139.2
144.8
147.7
154.6c
126.0
132.5
139.1
145.2
149.5
156.9
128.3
135.0
141.7
147.8
151.6
158.6c
127.4
134.1
141.3
147.7
152.4
160.9c
114.5
120.7
126.2
136.1
137.9c
148.8c
128.7c
134.4
140.2c
146.9c
150.7c
151.9c
115.7
122.4
131.1
138.9
145.4c
151.3c
129.1
138.8
149.7
158.1
162.7
170.9
128.8
138.5
149.5
158.0
162.6
170.8
c These values are potentially unreliable in a statistical sense based on an insufficient sample size as indicated in statistical reporting standards (Life Sciences Research Office/ Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 1995. Third Report on Nutrition Monitoring in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation, 2000.
OCR for page 682
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
TABLE G-2 Mean and Percentiles for Serum Transferrin Saturation (%), NHANES III (1988–1994)
Sex/Age Categorya
n
Mean
SEMb
Percentile
5th
10th
Both sexes, 1 to 3 y
1,935
18.6
0.3
5.6
7.6
Both sexes, 4 to 8 y
2,865
21.4
0.2
8.9
11.1
M 9 to 13 y
1,097
22.5
0.5
9.4
11.8
M 14 to 18 y
836
27.7
0.7
12.4
14.4
M 19 to 30 y
1,802
30.4
0.4
13.1
16.2
M 31 to 50 y
2,413
29.1
0.3
15.3
17.0
M 51 to 70 y
1,879
27.5
0.4
13.0
15.9
M 71+ y
1,188
27.1
0.4
12.2
14.5
F 9 to 13 y
1,087
22.6
0.6
8.8
10.7
F 14 to 18 y
884
23.4
0.5
7.3
10.0
F 19 to 30 y
1,795
25.4
0.5
8.5
11.3
F 31 to 50 y
2,802
23.4
0.4
7.3
9.9
F 51 to 70 y
1,980
23.6
0.3
11.1
13.0
F 71+ y
1,301
23.9
0.3
11.0
13.2
F Pregnant
318
22.8
1.0
9.3c
10.5
F Lactating
93
25.8c
1.9
10.1c
10.8c
F P/L
407
23.5
0.8
9.7c
10.6
All Individuals
23,864
25.5
0.1
9.6
12.6
All Indiv (+P/L)
24,271
25.5
0.1
9.6
12.5
NOTE: Means, standard errors, and percentiles calculated with WesVar Complex Samples 3.0. Females who had "blank but applicable" pregnancy and lactating status data or who responded "I don't know" to questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses.
a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating.
b SEM = standard error of the mean.
OCR for page 683
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
25th
50th
75th
90th
95th
99th
11.4
17.6
24.6
29.8
35.3
44.9c
15.3
20.5
26.6
31.9
37.4
47.5
15.5
20.9
27.9
33.7
39.2
47.5c
19.2
25.1
34.8
44.2
49.7
63.6c
21.8
29.6
36.8
46.0
52.3
68.3c
21.5
27.5
34.9
43.0
48.9
64.0c
20.6
26.5
33.2
39.7
45.1
56.5c
19.6
25.9
33.2
39.9
45.9
65.7c
16.1
21.3
27.2
34.3
41.2
58.9c
15.9
22.0
29.5
36.0
44.4
59.6c
16.5
23.5
31.6
40.6
47.7
67.0c
15.0
21.4
29.8
39.0
45.1
57.4
17.0
22.4
28.6
35.2
41.3
54.2c
17.5
22.2
29.2
35.6
40.7
54.7c
14.0
21.4
28.5
38.2
43.8c
53.9c
15.3c
23.9c
33.6c
45.4c
46.6c
47.7c
14.5
22.0
29.5
40.7
46.2c
53.4c
17.6
24.0
31.5
39.8
46.0
59.7
17.5
24.0
31.4
39.8
46.0
59.6
c These values are potentially unreliable in a statistical sense based on an insufficient sample size as indicated in statistical reporting standards (Life Sciences Research Office/Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 1995. Third Report on Nutrition Monitoring in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation, 2000.
OCR for page 684
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
TABLE G-3 Mean and Percentiles for Serum Ferritin (μg/L), NHANES III (1988–1994)
Sex/Age Categorya
n
Mean
Percentile
5th
10th
Both sexes, 1–3 y
2,429
27.9
6.0
9.0
Both sexes, 4–8 y
2,906
34.1
14.3
17.0
Standard error
0.5
0.4
0.4
M 9–13 y
1,098
38.8
16.2
19.2
Standard error
1.1
0.7
1.3
M 14–18 y
837
56.6
20.0
24.0
Standard error
2.1
1.0
1.1
M 19–30 y
1,801
131.0
42.0
54.0
Standard error
2.5
3.2
6.0
M 31–50 y
2,418
189.4
41.0
60.0
Standard error
3.6
2.5
2.6
M 51–70 y
1,877
204.2
37.0
53.0
Standard error
6.8
2.5
3.1
M 71+ y
1,189
184.8
28.0
41.0
Standard error
6.4
1.7
1.9
F 9–13 y
1,092
36.4
12.3
16.0
Standard error
1.1
1.3
1.4
F 14–18 y
888
35.8
9.0
12.0
Standard error
2.9
1.0
1.0
F 19–30 years
1,797
47.8
9.0
13.0
Standard error
1.5
0.6
0.8
F 31–50 y
2,808
64.0
7.0
11.0
Standard error
3.1
0.4
0.6
F 51–70 years
1,980
120.1
19.0
28.0
Standard error
3.3
1.0
1.2
F 71+ y
1,300
135.1
21.0
30.0
Standard error
5.0
1.4
2.3
F Pregnant
320
37.6
12.0
15.0
Standard error
3.9
5.3
5.1
F Lactating
94
47.3
18.0
21.0
Standard error
6.1
5.6
6.1
F P/L
410
41.1
11.0
14.0
Standard error
3.3
1.7
2.1
All Individuals
24,420
104.3
12.0
18.0
Standard error
1.4
0.2
0.3
All Indiv (+P/L)
24,830
103.2
12.0
17.0
Standard error
1.4
0.2
0.3
NOTE: The intake distributions for 2–6 months, 7–11 months, and 1–3 years of age are unadjusted. Means and percentiles for these groups were computed using SAS PROC UNIVARIATE. For all other groups, data were adjusted using the Iowa State University method. Mean, standard errors, and percentiles were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 49 degrees of freedom. Infants and children fed human milk and females who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and lactating status data or who responded “I don’t know” to ques tions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses. Females who were both pregnant and lactating were included in both the Pregnant and Lactating categories. The sample sizes for the Pregnant and Lactating categories were very small so their estimates of usual serum ferritin distributions are not reliable.
OCR for page 685
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
25th
50th
75th
90th
95th
15.0
23.0
34.0
49.0
64.0
21.8
29.8
41.2
56.6
68.9
0.5
0.6
0.9
1.4
2.1
25.4
34.8
47.7
63.4
75.2
1.9
0.9
3.6
3.0
5.0
33.0
48.0
70.0
99.0
123.0
1.4
1.9
2.8
4.8
6.9
80.0
118.0
168.0
224.0
263.0
6.9
7.0
7.6
6.5
10.0
101.0
157.0
235.0
355.0
455.0
2.6
3.3
5.6
8.5
13.0
92.0
161.0
267.0
408.0
519.0
4.6
6.9
9.5
13.6
18.4
74.0
136.0
239.0
385.0
506.0
3.0
5.7
9.6
15.1
20.9
22.5
31.7
44.2
60.7
76.4
1.0
1.1
1.6
3.2
3.7
19.0
29.0
42.0
63.0
86.0
1.0
1.2
2.2
6.5
12.3
22.0
37.0
60.0
94.0
124.0
1.2
1.5
2.2
3.1
4.6
21.0
42.0
75.0
133.0
194.0
0.8
1.8
2.4
5.9
12.9
50.0
91.0
157.0
247.0
321.0
1.8
3.2
4.7
7.4
10.8
53.0
96.0
170.0
281.0
380.0
6.0
3.0
18.5
12.4
30.4
22.0
33.0
47.0
65.0
80.0
4.6
4.0
4.8
9.8
15.5
29.0
41.0
59.0
81.0
98.0
5.4
4.7
12.3
19.0
23.3
22.0
33.0
51.0
77.0
99.0
2.1
2.5
5.6
8.4
12.0
31.0
65.0
135.0
237.0
322.0
0.5
1.0
2.3
3.9
5.4
31.0
64.0
133.0
235.0
320.0
0.5
0.9
2.3
3.8
5.3
a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2000.
OCR for page 686
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
TABLE G-4 Mean and Percentiles for Serum Vitamin A (Retinol) (μmol/L), NHANES III (1988–1994)
Sex/Age Categorya
n
Mean
SEMb
Percentile
5th
10th
Both sexes, 4 to 8 y
2,704
1.22
0.01
0.84
0.91
M 9 to 13 y
1,076
1.43
0.01
0.99
1.06
M 14 to 18 y
823
1.76
0.02
1.22
1.31
M 19 to 30 y
1,784
2.01
0.02
1.38
1.50
M 31 to 50 y
2,397
2.22
0.01
1.43
1.59
M 51 to 70 y
1,870
2.27
0.02
1.48
1.65
M 71+ y
1,174
2.34
0.03
1.42
1.62
F 9 to 13 y
1,070
1.40
0.01
1.01
1.09
F 14 to 18 y
877
1.61
0.02
1.07
1.16
F 19 to 30 y
1,786
1.87
0.02
1.14
1.26
F 31 to 50 y
2,781
1.79
0.02
1.14
1.23
F 51 to 70 y
1,965
2.14
0.02
1.32
1.48
F 71+ y
1,282
2.24
0.02
1.32
1.49
F Pregnant
316
1.47
0.04
0.84c
0.99
F Lactating
94
1.82c
0.05
1.31c
1.39c
F P/L
406
1.55
0.03
0.88c
1.04
All Individuals
21,589
1.93
0.01
1.10
1.22
All Indiv (+P/L)
21,995
1.92
0.01
1.10
1.22
NOTE: Means, standard errors, and percentiles calculated with WesVar Complex Samples 3.0. Females who had "blank but applicable" pregnancy and lactating status data or who responded "I don't know" to questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses.
a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating.
b SEM = standard error of the mean.
OCR for page 687
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
25th
50th
75th
90th
95th
99th
1.04
1.20
1.35
1.49
1.58
1.86
1.21
1.40
1.57
1.81
1.89
2.09c
1.52
1.71
1.95
2.20
2.34
2.83c
1.69
1.95
2.23
2.54
2.72
3.10c
1.85
2.16
2.52
2.88
3.11
3.63c
1.90
2.21
2.58
2.94
3.17
3.56c
1.88
2.19
2.65
3.17
3.47
4.62c
1.20
1.34
1.54
1.72
1.82
2.28c
1.32
1.55
1.78
2.08
2.34
2.84c
1.48
1.77
2.16
2.56
2.80
3.27c
1.44
1.71
2.01
2.36
2.63
3.29
1.73
2.06
2.41
2.79
3.10
4.10c
1.81
2.16
2.56
3.00
3.32
4.27c
1.22
1.45
1.67
1.94
2.21c
2.34c
1.53c
1.87c
1.94c
2.24c
2.31c
2.50c
1.28
1.51
1.78
2.02
2.25c
2.42c
1.49
1.85
2.25
2.65
2.92
3.51
1.49
1.84
2.25
2.65
2.92
3.50
c These values are potentially unreliable in a statistical sense based on an insufficient sample size as indicated in statistical reporting standards (Life Sciences Research Office/Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 1995. Third Report on Nutrition Monitoring in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation, 2000.
OCR for page 688
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
TABLE G-5 Mean and Percentiles for Serum Retinyl Esters (μmol/L), NHANES III (1998–1994)
Sex/Age Categorya
n
Mean
SEMb
Percentile
5th
10th
Both sexes, 4 to 8 y
1,026
0.186
0.005
0.035
0.055
M 9 to 13 y
682
0.177
0.007
0.024
0.045
M 14 to 18 y
703
0.158
0.004
0.030
0.042
M 19 to 30 y
1,625
0.183
0.004
0.028
0.047
M 31 to 50 y
2,220
0.207
0.004
0.030
0.054
M 51 to 70 y
1,745
0.219
0.006
0.029
0.057
M 71+ y
1,090
0.196
0.007
0.018
0.038
F 9 to 13 y
651
0.171
0.005
0.032
0.054
F 14 to 18 y
770
0.154
0.004
0.024
0.039
F 19 to 30 y
1,669
0.174
0.004
0.017
0.039
F 31 to 50 y
2,625
0.187
0.003
0.028
0.049
F 51 to 70 y
1,809
0.247
0.016
0.038
0.062
F 71+ y
1,159
0.229
0.005
0.029
0.056
F Pregnant
268
0.221
0.010
0.048c
0.078
F Lactating
86
0.189c
0.017
0.031c
0.045c
F P/L
351
0.212
0.009
0.040c
0.068
All Individuals
17,774
0.198
0.003
0.028
0.049
All Indiv (+P/L)
18,125
0.198
0.003
0.028
0.049
NOTE: Means, standard errors, and percentiles calculated with WesVar Complex Samples 3.0. Females who had "blank but applicable" pregnancy and lactating status data or who responded "I don't know" to questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses.
a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating.
b SEM = standard error of the mean.
OCR for page 689
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
25th
50th
75th
90th
95th
99th
0.097
0.146
0.220
0.295
0.379
0.517c
0.092
0.155
0.209
0.276
0.324
0.424c
0.082
0.135
0.192
0.238
0.278
0.355c
0.101
0.153
0.213
0.290
0.340
0.515c
0.110
0.173
0.239
0.340
0.400
0.629c
0.106
0.170
0.252
0.342
0.437
0.817c
0.081
0.148
0.237
0.331
0.410
0.781c
0.090
0.149
0.211
0.264
0.294
0.379c
0.073
0.128
0.184
0.249
0.294
0.407c
0.089
0.153
0.209
0.277
0.310
0.402c
0.092
0.156
0.225
0.302
0.352
0.490
0.120
0.191
0.274
0.379
0.451
0.868c
0.110
0.191
0.278
0.383
0.466
0.713c
0.142
0.194
0.256
0.330
0.385c
0.621c
0.103c
0.167c
0.235c
0.273c
0.327c
0.411c
0.129
0.189
0.249
0.306
0.369c
0.610c
0.097
0.161
0.231
0.310
0.377
0.597
0.097
0.161
0.231
0.310
0.376
0.598
c These values are potentially unreliable in a statistical sense based on an insufficient sample size as indicated in statistical reporting standards (Life Sciences Research Office/ Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 1995. Third Report on Nutrition Monitoring in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation, 2000.
OCR for page 690
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
TABLE G-6 Mean and Percentiles for Urinary Iodine (μg/dL), NHANES III (1988–1994)
Sex/Age Categorya
n
Mean
SEMb
Percentile
5th
10th
Both sexes, 6 to 8 y
1,369
30.0
1.7
6.0
9.2
M 9 to 13 y
1,184
96.1
73.7
7.0
9.0
M 14 to 18 y
876
26.0
1.4
6.0
8.4
M 19 to 30 y
1,852
21.3
0.9
3.8
5.7
M 31 to 50 y
2,481
18.2
0.7
2.9
4.6
M 51 to 70 y
1,896
29.7
6.2
3.6
4.6
M 71+ y
1,181
33.0
4.1
4.4
5.8
F 9 to 13 y
1,146
23.3
1.0
4.6
7.0
F 14 to 18 y
897
26.9
2.8
4.4
6.2
F 19 to 30 y
1,860
31.9
13.4
2.9
4.6
F 31 to 50 y
2,886
18.8
1.6
2.1
2.9
F 51 to 70 y
2,009
23.5
1.8
2.4
3.3
F 71+ y
1,228
39.7
11.5
3.5
4.4
F Pregnant
343
19.6
1.1
4.3c
5.8
F Lactating
95
16.1c
2.2
2.5c
2.9c
F P/L
433
18.7
1.0
3.7c
5.4
All Individuals
20,865
27.6
2.7
3.0
4.5
All Indiv (+P/L)
21,298
27.5
2.7
3.0
4.5
NOTE: Means, standard errors, and percentiles calculated with WesVar Complex Samples 3.0. Females who had "blank but applicable" pregnancy and lactating status data or who responded "I don't know" to questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses.
a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating.
b SEM = standard error of the mean.
OCR for page 691
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc
25th
50th
75th
90th
95th
99th
15.1
25.5
36.9
53.3
64.0
103.3c
14.3
23.7
39.6
57.6
70.5
138.8c
12.5
21.0
30.2
44.6
58.9
117.8c
10.0
15.3
23.9
38.3
52.7
123.0c
8.3
13.8
21.6
34.4
45.7
92.3c
8.0
14.1
23.2
37.7
50.0
114.4c
9.5
15.5
27.1
43.8
68.0
193.8c
11.4
17.9
26.5
42.3
52.2
140.3c
10.5
17.2
27.5
49.0
66.6
188.4c
7.8
12.9
19.9
29.4
41.2
98.4c
5.5
11.1
19.0
31.9
41.3
94.8
5.8
11.0
19.0
31.2
44.4
151.8c
6.8
12.6
21.4
36.1
50.3
131.5c
9.2
14.0
25.2
39.7
44.8c
72.7c
8.1c
10.9c
22.4c
32.3c
36.8c
59.3c
9.1
13.1
24.0
38.3
44.7c
72.4c
8.1
14.5
23.8
38.6
52.5
115.0
8.1
14.5
23.8
38.6
52.1
113.4
c These values are potentially unreliable in a statistical sense based on an insufficient sample size as indicated in statistical reporting standards (Life Sciences Research Office/ Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 1995. Third Report on Nutrition Monitoring in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation, 2000.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
standard errors
