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Forced Migration and Mortality (2001)

Chapter: Index

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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

Index

A

Accidental injuries, 131, 132

Cambodians, 113

Kosovars, 92

North Koreans, 74

Afghanistan, 38-41

Africa, 6

ECOMOG, 47

see also Angola;

Burundi;

Eritrea;

Ethiopia;

Liberia;

Mozambique;

Rwanda;

Sierra Leone;

Somalia;

Sudan;

Uganda;

Zaire

Age factors, 2, 12, 14-20, 30, 34, 132

Afghans, 40

Bosnia, 14

Cambodians, 17, 18, 19, 20, 102, 109-111, 112-115, 116-117, 118, 121-126, 127

camp populations, general, 14, 15-17

crude mortality rates, 30, 39, 63

gender factors and, 16, 17-20, 30, 45, 62, 63, 114, 121-123, 124-126, 127, 132

Kosovars, 89, 95-97, 99

North Koreans, 18, 73, 74, 79, 84

Rwandans, 15-16, 55, 61, 62, 63

see also Children;

Elderly persons;

Life expectancy

Aid, see Humanitarian interventions

Albania, Kosovars in, see Kosovo

Alliance des Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Congo-Zaire (AFDL), 53, 57, 59

Angola,5,10,25

Asia, see Afghanistan; Cambodia; China; Iran; Iraq; North Korea; Pakistan; Soviet Union, dissolution of; Thailand; Vietnam

B

Balkans, 22, 25

see also Bosnia;

Kosovo;

Macedonia

Bangladesh, 5, 9, 13

Baseline mortality

defined, 4

Kosovars, 90, 99

Birth rate, see Fertility

Bosnia, 10, 24, 25, 26, 39, 41-43

age factors, 14

crude mortality rates, 41

executions, 41

forensics, 41-42

gender factors, 41

mass graves, 41-42

medical interventions, 42-43

urban areas, 41, 42-43

Burundi, 53

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

C

Cambodia, x, 5, 11, 25, 33, 34, 102-129

age and gender factors, 17, 18, 19, 20, 102, 109-111, 112-115, 116-117, 118, 121-126, 127

camp populations, 106, 119

children, 104, 117, 122, 124-125

elderly persons, 104

executions, 104, 105, 108, 116, 117, 118, 125, 127

families and households, 106-108, 123, 125

famine, 104, 117, 118, 119, 124

fertility, 106, 109, 111, 119-120, 121, 124

gender factors, 17, 18, 19, 20, 102, 109-111, 112-115, 116-117, 118, 121-126, 127

geographic factors, 112, 119

landmines, 116, 127

medical interventions, 104, 116

retrospective mortality surveys, 107, 108, 109

sampling, 107-108

sanitation, 104

surveillance systems, 105 ;

see also“retrospective mortality surveys” supra

transportation and travel factors, 104

urban areas, 104

vital statistics, 106, 111, 117-118

war, 102, 103-106, 107, 116, 123-124, 127

Camp populations, 4, 8-9, 31-32, 54

Afghans, 38-39, 40

age factors, 14, 15-17

Cambodians, 106, 119

Kosovars, 90, 91-92, 97-98, 132

Rwandans, 46, 52-68

Sierra Leone, 47-48, 49

stages of crisis, 11

Case studies, x, 2, 33-34

Afghans, 38-41

Albanians Kosovars, 33-34

Bosnians, 39, 41-43

Cambodians, 34, 102-129

Kosovars, 33, 86-101

North Koreans in China, 34, 43-45, 69-85

Rwandans in Zaire, 33, 39, 45-47, 52-68

Sierra Leone, 39, 47-49

Census data, Cambodian crisis, 106-107

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

crude death rate, 7

Kosovo, 88

Children, 4, 14, 15, 16, 30

Afghan, 39, 40, 41

Cambodian, 104, 117, 122, 124-125

crude death rate, 7-8 (n.3)

crude mortality rate, 7-8(n.3), 14, 39, 63

gender factors, 17

Kosovar, 95

North Korean, 45, 69, 70, 84

Rwandan, 46, 55, 58, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66

Sierra Leone, 48

see also Fertility

China

North Korean refugees, x, 18, 34, 39, 43-45, 69-85, 131

Cholera, 47, 55, 57, 58, 61

Coale-Demeny life tables, 15-20, 74

Complex humanitarian emergency, defined, 1, 3-5

Congo, see Zaire, Rwandans in Cost factors, 26, 108

see also Funding

Crude death rate (CDR), definitional issues, 4, 7-8

Crude mortality rate (CMR), 2, 9-10

Afghans, 38, 39

age factors, 30, 39, 63

Bosnians, 41

children, 7-8(n.3), 14, 39, 63

definitional issues, 4, 7-8

gender factors, 30

Kosovars, 92-95, 98-99, 100

malnutrition, 13

North Koreans, 44, 73-74

Rwandans, 55-59(passim), 61, 63, 65, 66

stages of crisis, 11-12, 30

Cultural factors, 2

recall and, 32

see also Genocide and ethnic cleansing;

Political factors;

Psychological factors

D

Death penalty, see Executions

Definitional issues, 3-5

complex humanitarian emergency, 1, 3-5

crude mortality/death rates, 4, 7-8

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

forced migration, x

war-related deaths, 131

Diarrhea, 39, 41, 48, 55, 57, 58

see also Cholera

Disasters, see Earthquakes; Famine; Floods; Natural disasters; War and armed conflicts

Diseases and disorders, 13-14

Afghans, 38, 40-41

Bosnians, 40-42, 132

Cambodians, 117, 127

cholera, 47, 55, 57, 58, 61

chronic, general, 7(n.3), 24, 25, 42, 95, 96, 97, 132

combatant mortality from disease, 5

communicable, general, 4, 5, 13-14, 24, 38, 40-41, 42, 47, 55, 67, 89, 95, 96, 97, 127, 132

dehydration, 47

diarrhea, 39, 41, 48, 55, 57, 58

disabilities, 24

Kosovars, 89, 95, 132

malaria, 13, 20-21, 41, 61

malnutrition, 4, 7(n.3), 13, 14, 24, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 48, 61, 74, 81-83, 117, 132 ;

see also Famine

measles, 13, 20, 39, 47

meningitis, 55

mental health trauma, 5, 24, 27-28, 34, 35, 131 ;

see also Psychological factors

North Koreans, 74, 81-83

pertussis, 47

respiratory infections, 39, 47, 48, 61, 95

Rwandans, 47, 54-55, 57, 58, 61, 67

shigella, 47, 55

Sierra Leone, 48

typhoid, 41

see also Medical interventions;

Vaccinations

Drought, 70

see also Famine

E

Earthquakes, 5, 41

Eastern Europe, 6

see also Bosnia;

Kosovo;

Macedonia

Economic factors, 3, 13, 14, 23, 26

North Korea, 69-70, 76-77, 79

see also Cost factors;

Funding;

Humanitarian interventions

Education, see Professional training

Educational attainment

literacy, 4, 70

North Koreans, 70, 79

see also Literacy

Elderly persons, 14, 15, 16, 131, 132

Cambodians, 104

Kosovars, 92, 99

North Koreans, 45, 73

Equations, see Mathematical models

Eritrea, age factors, camps populations, 14

Ethiopia, 9, 12, 13, 49

age factors, camps populations, 14

Ethnic cleansing, see Genocide and ethnic cleansing

Europe

political factors, 22

see also Balkans;

Bosnia;

Kosovo;

Macedonia;

Soviet Union,

dissolution of

Excess mortality, 20-21, 28, 30, 38, 130

Afghans, 40, 41

Bosnians, 42

Cambodians, 34, 112, 117-127

North Koreans, 44-45, 82

Rwandans, 46, 55

Sierra Leone, 48

Executions

Bosnians, 41

Cambodians, 104, 105, 108, 116, 117, 118, 125, 127

Rwandans, 46

F

Families and households, 2, 132

Afghans, 38

Cambodians, 106-108, 123, 125

food entitlements and reports of deaths by, 31

host families, 91-92, 97-98

Kosovo, 90, 91-92, 97, 98

marital status, 80-81, 83

North Koreans, 34, 71-84

Rwandans, 55, 60-61, 67

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

Famine, x, 12, 130

Cambodians, 104, 117, 118, 119, 124

North Koreans, 43-45, 70, 77, 81-83

see also Food and nutrition;

Malnutrition

Females, see Gender factors

Fertility, 2, 35

Cambodians, 106, 109, 111, 119-120, 121, 124

North Koreans, 71, 75, 82, 83

see also Reproductive health

Floods, 47, 69-70

Food and nutrition, 8-9, 13, 20

aid, 31, 43, 58, 70, 77, 78, 79, 84

Cambodians, 104, 117, 118, 119, 124

family reports of deaths and aid entitlements, 31

feeding center registers, 66

gender factors, 81-83

insecurity, 2, 31, 38, 40, 45, 82 ;

see“malnutrition” infra

Kosovars, 132

malnutrition, 4, 7(n.3), 13, 14, 24, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 48, 61, 74, 81-83, 117, 132 ;

see also Famine

North Koreans, 34, 43, 44, 45, 70, 72, 74, 77, 78-79, 81-84

Rwandans, 58, 66

see also Famine;

World Food Program

Forced migration, definitional issues, x, 1, 3-5

Forces Armées Rwandaises, 47

Forensics, Bosnia, 41-42

Funding, 7, 27

FYROM, see Macedonia

G

Gender factors, 2, 12, 30, 34, 132

Afghanistan, 40

age factors and, 16, 17-20, 30, 45, 62, 63, 114, 121-123, 124-126, 127, 132

Bosnia, 41

Cambodians, 17, 18, 19, 20, 102, 109-111, 112-115, 116-117, 118, 121-126, 127

children, 17

crude mortality rates, 30

Kosovo, 95-97

life expectancy, 18, 73

marital status, 80-81, 83

North Koreans, 45, 69, 73, 80-83

nutritional status, 81-83

rape, 24

reproductive health, 27-28, 34, 35 ;

see also Fertility

Rwandans, 62, 63

Genocide and ethnic cleansing, 1, 5, 26, 130, 131, 133

Cambodians, 104

see also Bosnia;

Kosovo;

Rwanda

Geographic factors

Cambodians, 112, 119

country boundaries, adjustment, 7

Kosovo, 87, 97

North Koreans, 44, 45, 76-77

Rwandans, 47, 54

see also Internally displaced persons;

Rural areas;

Transportation and travel;

Urban areas

Government role, 83, 131, 134

complex humanitarian emergency defined, 1

destructive policies, x, 1

Kosovars, 89, 100, 133

North Korea, 44, 69, 70, 77, 78, 79

refugee/internally displaced persons, counted as, 6

Rwandans in Zaire, 60

see also War and armed conflicts

Guinea, 47

H

Health care, see Medical interventions

Households, see Families and households

Humanitarian interventions, 2, 3, 9, 20-21, 130, 133, 134

evaluation techniques, general, 34

food aid, 31, 43, 58, 70, 77, 78, 79, 84

internally displaced persons, 9, 23, 24, 49

international organizations, aid levels, 7

military targeting of workers, 26, 52

morbidity as guide to, 24-25

North Koreans, 70, 71

Sierra Leone, 49

stages of crisis and, 10, 12

standards, 27, 34, 52

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

typologies of complex emergencies, 4

U.S. bilateral aid levels, 7

see also Camp populations;

International organizations;

Logistics;

Nongovernmental organizations;

specific organizations

I

ICRC, see Red Cross

Immunizations, see Vaccinations

Indirect estimation techniques, 3, 34, 71-72, 119-124

Information systems, 27-33

see also Statistical methodology;

Surveillance systems

Insects, 21

see also Malaria

Internally displaced persons (IDPs), 2, 4, 26, 35

Bosnia, 41

crude mortality/death rates, 10

geopolitical factors, 23

international organizations, aid, 9, 23, 24, 49

nongovernmental organizations, 23, 49

Rwanda, 52

Sierra Leone, 47, 49

trends, 5-6

United Nations, 24

International organizations, 9, 21, 26, 132, 133, 134

budgets for relief, 7

internally displaced persons, 9, 23, 24, 49

North Koreans, 84

refugee/internally displaced persons, counted as, 6

Rwandans, 57

standards for assistance, 27, 34, 52

see also Nongovernmental organizations;

specific organizations

Interventions, see Camp populations; Humanitarian interventions; Medical interventions; Sanitation; Vaccinations

Iran, 9, 39

Iraq, 25

K

Kampuchea, see Cambodia

Korea, North, see North Korea

Kosovo, x, 24, 33, 86-101, 131, 132, 133, 134

age factors, 89, 95-97, 99

camp populations, 90, 91-92, 97-98, 132

children, 95

crude mortality rates, 92-95, 98-99, 100

elderly persons, 92, 99

families and households, 90, 91-92, 97, 98

gender factors, 95-97

geographic factors, 87, 97

government role, 89, 100, 133

medical interventions, 89, 97, 99-100

nongovernmental organizations, 87-88, 89, 90

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 86, 90, 91

retrospective mortality surveys, 68, 88, 90, 92, 98, 99, 100

sampling, 88, 90, 100

sanitation, 132

surveillance systems, 87-90, 97-100 ;

see also“retrospective mortality surveys” supra

transportation and travel factors, 86, 132

United Nations, 87-89, 90

vaccinations, 90, 100

L

Landmines, 5, 13

Afghanistan war, 40

Cambodians, 116, 127

Liberia, 10, 47

Life expectancy, 8(n.3), 14-15

Cambodians, 124-125 (n.13)

gender factors, 18, 73

North Koreans, 73

Literacy, 4

North Koreans, 70

Logistics, 21, 25-26, 133

Kosovo, 88

Rwandans, 60

stages of crises, 10

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

M

Macedonia (FYROM), Kosovars in, 33, 86, 88, 89-100, 132, 133

Malaria, 13, 20-21, 41

Rwandans, 61

Males, see Gender factors

Malnutrition, 4, 7(n.3), 13, 14, 24, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 48, 61, 74, 81-83, 117, 132

see also Famine

Marital status

North Koreans, 80-81, 83

Mass graves

Bosnia, 41-42

Rwandans, 46, 54

Mass media, Afghans, 40

Mathematical models, ix, 109-112, 115, 116

Measles, 13, 20, 39, 47

Medical interventions, x, 14, 20, 21, 28-29, 130

Afghanistan, 38

Bosnia, 42-43

Cambodians, 104, 116

Kosovo, 89, 97, 99-100

Médicins Sans Frontières (MSF), 39, 41, 46

morbidity and, 24-25

Physicians for Human Rights, 42

reproductive health, 27-28, 34, 35 ;

see also Fertility

Rwandans, 52, 59

see also Diseases and disorders;

Surveillance systems;

Vaccinations

Médicins Sans Frontières (MSF), 39, 41, 46

Men, see Gender factors

Meningitis, 55

Mental health trauma, 5, 24, 27-28, 34, 35, 131

see also Psychological factors

Methodology, see Case studies; Definitional issues; Indirect estimation techniques; Logistics; Mathematical models; Recall; Sampling; Statistical methodology; Surveillance systems

Middle East, 6

Mines, see Landmines

Mortality, see Baseline mortality; Crude death rate; Crude mortality rate; Excess mortality; Retrospective mortality surveys

Mozambique, 8

MSF, see Médicins Sans Frontières (MSF)

N

NATO, see North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Natural disasters, x, 5, 83, 130, 131

Afghanistan, 40, 41

defined, 3-4

drought, 70

earthquakes, 5, 41

floods, 47, 69-70

see also Famine

Nongovernmental organizations, 23, 25, 26

Afghanistan war, 40

Bosnia, 41

Kosovo, 87-88, 89, 90

North Korea, 71

Sierra Leone, 47, 49

Sphere Project, 27

standards for assistance, 27, 34

see also International organizations;

specific organizations

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO),

Kosovo crisis, 86, 90, 91

North Korea, x, 34, 39, 43-45, 69-85, 131

age factors, 18, 73, 74, 79, 84

children, 45, 69, 70, 84

crude mortality rates, 44, 73-74

economic collapse, 69-70, 76-77, 79

educational attainment, 70, 79

elderly persons, 45, 73

families and households, 34, 71-84

famine, 43-45, 70, 77, 81-83

fertility, 71, 75, 82, 83

food and nutrition, 34, 43, 44, 45, 70, 72, 74, 77, 78-79, 81-84

gender factors, 45, 69, 73, 80-83

geographic factors, 44, 45, 76-77

government role, 44, 69, 70, 77, 78, 79

sampling, 44, 71

transportation and travel factors, 76, 79-80

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

United Nations, 45, 69, 70, 75, 84

urban areas, 76-77

World Food Program, 43, 70

World Vision, 44-45, 70

Nutrition, see Food and nutrition

P

Pakistan, Afghans in, 38

Pertussis, 47

Pests, see Insects

Political factors, 6, 12, 21(n.7), 22-24, 83, 133

Cambodia, 102-129

North Koreans, 77

stages of crisis, 12

see also Genocide and ethnic cleansing;

Government role;

War and armed conflicts

Professional training, surveillance systems, 21

Protein energy malnutrition, 13

Psychological factors, 2, 27-28, 34, 131

dignity issues, 25

family reports of deaths, 31

recall, 32-33, 66-67

see also Cultural factors;

Mental health trauma

Q

Quality control, see Standards

R

Rape, 24

Recall, 32-33

North Koreans, 71-75, 82

Rwandans, 66-67

Red Cross (ICRC), 23

Afghans, 41

Bosnians, 41

Kosovars, 98

Rwandans, 46

standards for assistance, 27

Refugees, see Forced migration; individual countries

Repatriation, 23, 64

Reproductive health, 27-28, 34, 35

see also Fertility

Respiratory infections, 39, 47, 48, 61, 95

Retrospective mortality surveys

Cambodians, 107, 108, 109

Kosovars, 68, 88, 90, 92, 98, 99, 100

Rwandans, 33, 53, 55, 60-61, 66-68

Rural areas

famine, 4-5

North Koreans, 76-77

Rwanda, x, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 26, 29, 33, 39, 45-47, 52-68

age factors, 15-16, 55, 61, 62, 63

camp populations, 46, 52-68

children, 46, 55, 58, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66

crude mortality rates, 55-59 (passim), 61, 63, 65, 66

disease, 47, 54-55, 57, 58, 61, 67

executions, 46

families and households, 55, 60-61, 67

food and nutrition, 58, 66

gender factors, 62, 63

geographic factors, 47, 54

mass graves, 46, 54

medical interventions, 52, 59

retrospective mortality surveys, 33, 53, 55, 60-61, 66-68

sampling, 60, 61-62, 67

sanitation, 52, 57, 59-60

surveillance systems, 33, 53, 54-55, 57, 58, 60, 66;

see also“retrospective mortality surveys” supra

urban areas, 52, 53-57

vaccinations, 54-55

water supply, 47, 52, 57

S

Sampling, 31-32

Cambodians, 107-108

Kosovars, 88, 90, 100

North Koreans, 44, 71

Rwandans, 60, 61-62, 67

Sanitation, 9, 20

Cambodians, 104

Kodovars, 132

Rwandans, 52, 57, 59-60

see also Water supply

Sex differences, see Gender factors

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

Shigella, 47, 55

Sierra Leone, 24, 39, 47-49

Somalia, 10, 12, 13, 14, 25, 49

Southeast Asia, see Cambodia; North Korea; Thailand; Vietnam

Soviet Union, dissolution of, 22

Afghanistan war, 38-39, 40

North Korea and, 43

Sphere Project, 27

Standards

aid provision, 27, 34, 52

data collection protocols, 28-29

reporting procedures, 31

Statistical methodology, ix, 28-33, 34, 130-135

baseline mortality, 4, 90, 99

camp populations, 31-32, 54

data collection protocols, 28-29

indirect estimation techniques, 3, 34, 71-72, 119-124

vital statistics, ix, 106, 111, 117-118

see also Crude death rate;

Crude mortality rate;

Mathematical models;

Retrospective mortality surveys;

Sampling;

Surveillance systems

Sudan, 5, 10, 13

Suicide, 74, 113

Surveillance systems, 21, 28-33

Cambodians, 105

Kosovo, 87-90, 97-100

professional training, 21

Rwandans in Zaire, 33, 53, 54-55, 57, 58, 60, 66

see also Information systems;

Retrospective mortality surveys

T

Thailand, Cambodian refugees in, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20, 105, 119, 121, 123

Time factors

Cambodians, 109-112

duration of crisis, 2, 13, 130

recall, 32-33, 66-67, 71-75, 82

Rwandans, 65, 66-67

stages of crisis, 10-12, 30, 65, 94

Training, see Professional training

Transportation and travel, 20, 131

Kosovars, 86, 132

Cambodians, 104

North Koreans, 76, 79-80

stages of crisis, 10-12

Typhoid, 41

U

Uganda, 53

United Nations, 23, 24, 25, 26

Bosnia, 42

Cambodians, 106

Kosovo, 87-89, 90

North Koreans, 45, 69, 70, 75, 84

Rwandans, 57

Urban areas, 5

Afghans, 38, 39

Bosnians, 41, 42-43

Cambodians, 104

North Koreans, 76-77

Rwandans in Zaire, 52, 53-57

Sierra Leone, 47, 48

V

Vaccinations, 4, 8(n.3), 13, 14, 20, 30

Kosovars, 90, 100

Rwandans, 54-55

Vietnam, Cambodian crisis, 103, 104, 105-106, 121, 126

Violence, 14, 20, 30, 113-114, 124-125, 126

rape, 24

suicide, 74, 113

see also Executions;

War and armed conflicts

Vital statistics, ix, 106, 111, 117-118

W

War and armed conflicts, x, 5, 12-13, 24, 25, 130, 131

Afghans, 38-39, 40

aid workers, military targeting of, 26, 52

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
×

Cambodians, 102, 103-106, 107, 116, 123-124, 127

combatant mortality, 5, 116, 127

complex humanitarian emergency defined, 1

exclusion zones, 43

field hospitals, 43

genocide and ethnic cleansing, 1, 5, 26, 104, 130, 131, 133 ;

see also Bosnia;

Kosovo;

Rwanda

rape as a weapon, 24

Sierra Leone, 24, 39, 47-49

see also Balkans;

Bosnia;

Kosovo;

Landmines;

Rwanda

Water supply

Bosnians, 43

Kosovars, 132

Rwandans, 47, 52, 57

see also Sanitation

Weather

drought, 70

floods, 47, 69-70

Whooping cough, see Pertussis

Women, see Gender factors

World Food Program, 7

North Koreans, 43, 70

World Vision, North Koreans, 44-45, 70

Y

Yugoslavia, see Bosnia; Kosovo; Macedonia

Z

Zaire, Rwandan refugees in, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15-16, 17, 26, 29, 33, 46, 52-68

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 2001. Forced Migration and Mortality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10086.
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In recent years the number of complex humanitarian emergencies around the world has been steadily increasing. War and political, ethnic, racial, and religious strife continually force people to migrate against their will. These forced migrants create a stream of new challenges for relief workers and policy makers. A better understanding of the characteristics of refugee populations and of the population dynamics of these situations is vital. Improved research and insights can enhance disaster management, refugee camp administration, and repatriation or resettlement programs.

Forced Migration and Mortality examines mortality patterns in complex human- itarian emergencies, reviewing the state of knowledge, as well as how patterns may change in the new century. It contains four case studies of mortality in recent emergencies: Rwanda, North Korea, Kosovo, and Cambodia. Because refugees and internally displaced persons are likely to continue to be a significant humanitarian concern for many years, research in this field is critical. This is the first book to comprehensively explore forced migration and mortality and it provides useful material for researchers, policy makers, and relief workers.

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