31. D.M. Reed. The paradox of high risk of stroke in populations with low risk of coronary heart disease. American Journal of Epidemiology 131:579–588, 1990.

32. R. Peto and A.D. Lopez. Mortality from smoking in developed countries 1950–2000: Indirect estimates from national vital statistics. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1994.

33. R. Peto, A. D. Lopez, J. Boreham, M. Thun, C. Heath, and R. Doll. Mortality from smoking worldwide. British Medical Bulletin 53:12–25, 1996.

34. T.J. Thom. International mortality from heart disease: Rates and trends. International Journal of Epidemiology. Supplement 18:S20–S28, 1989.

35. M. Higgins and T.J. Thom. Trends in CHD in the United States. International Journal of Epidemiology 18:S58–S66, 1989.

36. O.H. Del Brutto, A. Mosquerra, X. Sanchez, J. Santos, and C.A. Noboa. Stroke subtypes among Hispanics living in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Results from the Luis Vernaza Hospital Stroke Registry. Stroke 24:1833–1836, 1993.

37. A.R. Omram. The epidemiological transition: A theory of the epidemiology of population change. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 49:509–538, 1971.

38. S.J. Olshansky and A.B. Ault. The fourth stage of the epidemiologic transition: The age of delayed degenerative diseases. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 64:355–391, 1986.

39. P. Thorvaldsen, K. Asplund, K. Kuulasmaa, A.M. Rajakangas, and M. Schroll. Stroke incidence, case fatality, and mortality in the WHO MONICA project. World Health Organization Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease. Stroke 26:361–367, 1995.

40. N.E. Bharucha, E. P. Bharucha, A. E. Bharucha, A. V. Bhise, and B. S. Schoenberg. Prevalence of stroke in the Parsi community of Bombay. Stroke Jan;19(1):60–62, 1988.

41. A.K. Banerjee. Pathology of Cerebrovascular Disease. Neurology India Dec 48; 305–307, 2000.

42. Epidemiological study on subarachnoid haemorrhage in India. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, 1987.

43. A.K. Banerjee, M. Varma, R.K. Vasista and J.S. Chopra. Cerebrovascular disease in north-west India: A study of necropsy material. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry Apr;52(4):512–515, 1989.

44. R.B. Singh, I.L. Suh, V.P. Singh, S. Chaithiraphan, P. Laothavom, R.G. Sy, et al. Hypertension and stroke in Asia: Prevalence, control and strategies in developing countries for prevention. Journal of Human Hypertension Oct–Nov;14(10–11):749–763, 2000.

45. H.C. Liu, S.J. Wang, J.L. Fuh, C.Y. Liu, K.P. Lin, P.N. Wang, et al. The Kinmen Neurological Disorders Survey (KINDS): A study of a Chinese population. Neuroepidemiology 16(2):60–68, 1997.

46. J. He, M.J. Klag, Z. Wu, and P.K. Whelton. Stroke in the People's Republic of China II. Meta-analysis of hypertension and risk of stroke. Stroke 26:2228–2232, 1995.

47. V.L. Feign, D.O. Wiebers, J.P. Whisnant, and W.M. O'Fallon. Stroke incidence and 30–day case-fatality rates in Novosibirsk, Russia, 1982 through 1992 Stroke 26:924–929, 1995.

48. S. Lindeberg, E. Berntorp, P. Nilsson-Ehle, A. Terent, and B. Vessby. Age relations of cardiovascular risk factors in a traditional Melanesian society: The Kitava Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Oct;66(4):845–852, 1997.

Front Matter (R1-R24)

Executive Summary (1-12)

1 Introduction (13-20)

2 The Magnitude of the Problem (21-56)

3 Integrating Care of Brain Disorders into Health Care Systems (57-96)

4 Findings and Future Strategies (97-108)

5 Developmental Disabilities (109-178)

6 Epilepsy (179-216)

7 Schizophrenia (217-256)

8 Bipolar Disorder (257-282)

9 Depression (283-338)

10 Stroke (339-376)

Epilogue (377-382)

Appendix A The Study Approach (383-390)

Appendix B Measurement Issues in Calculating the Global Burden of Disease (391-392)

Appendix C Workshop Agenda (393-396)

Appendix D Economic Analysis (397-418)

Appendix E Committee and Staff Biographies (419-424)

Glossary (425-430)

Acronyms (431-434)