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Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence (2002)

Chapter: Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
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Page 197
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
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Page 198
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
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Page 199
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
×
Page 200
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
×
Page 201
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
×
Page 202
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
×
Page 203
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10127.
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Page 204

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Appendix B Policy Statements of Health Professional Organizations 197

Policy Name, Source, Key Points Related to 198 Organization Name and Date Established Education and Training American Academy of AAFP Paper on Family Violence Among projects for the AAFP to consider are the following: Family Physicians (AAFP) *An ongoing education program for members on the From “AAFP Paper on Family Violence” recognition and treatment of violence, including distribution of the American Medical Association’s (AMA) guidelines for Developed by the 1994 Commission on Special history taking around issues of violence and abuse. Issues and Clinical Interests *Offering a series of continuing medical education courses for members to increase their skills in discussing this issue with patients. American Academy of The Role of the Pediatrician in Recognizing The AAP recognizes that family and intimate partner violence is Pediatrics (AAP) and Intervening on Behalf of Abused Women harmful to children. The AAP recommends that: (RE9748) *Residency training programs and continuing medical education From web site (CME) program leaders incorporate education on family and intimate partner violence and its implications for child health into June 1998 the curricula of pediatricians and pediatric emergency department physicians. Oral and Dental Aspects of Child Abuse Pediatric dentists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons, whose and Neglect (RE9920) advanced education programs include a mandated child abuse curriculum, can provide valuable information and assistance to Pulled from web site (www.aap.org/policy/) physicians about oral and dental aspects of child abuse and neglect. August 1999 American Academy of AAPA Policies The AAPA shall support the development of educational programs Physician Assistants (AAPA) concerning early prevention, recognition, reporting, and treatment of child abuse.

PA programs are encouraged to include in their curricula techniques of violence prevention, assessment, and intervention that promote safety and protection for battered individuals. Physician assistants are encouraged to be familiar with multi- disciplinary educational resources and public health and safety efforts directed at pediatric and adolescent violence prevention. The AAPAbelieves that access and availability of reliable information in these areas can enhance the efforts of PAs to address the problem of violence as it relates to the pediatric and adolescent population. American Association of Position Statement: Violence as a AACN recommends that: Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Public Health Problem *Faculty in schools of nursing should acknowledge their own assumptions about domestic violence and stay current in their From AACN Position Statement knowledge on the concomitant health problems. “Violence as a Public Health Problem” *Content relative to domestic violence across the lifespan and across settings should be included in all baccalaureate and higher March 1999 degree programs in nursing. *If content is integrated or threaded throughout the curriculum, Available at www.aacn.nche.edu/ it is recommended that the faculty adopt a curriculum plan publications/positions/position.htm that specifies the location of violence-related content along with a plan for periodically tracking the implementation of this plan. *Students should have opportunities to practice in clinical settings where they have experiences related to screening, assessing, and/or caring for victims of violence. *High-quality materials related to domestic violence should be available for professional continuing education in formats compatible with nontraditional learners at times and places convenient to the practicing professional. continued on next page 199

Policy Name, Source, Key Points Related to 200 Organization Name and Date Established Education and Training American College of Domestic Violence: The Role of *ACEP believes that training in the evaluation and management of Emergency Physicians EMS Personnel victims of domestic violence should be incorporated into the initial (ACEP) and continuing education of emergency medical services personnel. From ACEP online This training should include the recognition of victims and their (www.acep.org/policy/) injuries, an understanding of the patterns of abuse and how this affects care, scene safety, preservation of evidence, and Approved by the ACEP Board of Directors documentation requirements. April 1995 ACEP recommends that: Policy number 400279 Emergency medical services, medical school, and emergency Approved by the ACEP Board of Directors medicine residency curricula include training in recognition, January 2000 assessment, and interventions in child abuse. American College of {ST-32} Statement on Domestic Violence N/A Surgeons (ACOS) From web site (www.facs:80/fellows_info/statements/) October 1999 Meeting American Dental American Dental Association Policies Resolved, that the ADA expand existing efforts to educate dental Association (ADA) professionals to recognize abuse and neglect beyond that of children Excerpt from the Principles of Ethics alone, to include women, elders, people with developmental and Code of Professional Conduct disabilities, the physically challenged, and any other person who might be the object of abuse or neglect and encourage training Policy Statement—Expansion of ADA Efforts to programs on how to report such abuse and neglect tot the proper Educate Dental Professionals in Recognizing and authorities as required by state law, and be it further Reporting Abuse and Neglect (1996:683) Resolved, that the ADA initiate a dialogue with other professional organizations, such as the American Medical Association

to ensure that all health care professionals are working toward the same goals, and be it further Resolved, that these actions will not diminish any existing programs and that the ADA seek out existing programs in the dental community to try to coordinate them on a national level. American Medical Update on the AMA’s National Campaign The AMA should provide educational and training Association (AMA) Against Family Violence opportunities for physicians in diagnosing, treating, and referring cases of abuse constituting family violence. H-515.977 Policy Finders American Medical AMWA Domestic Violence AMWA is developing an online continuing medical education Women’s Association course for health care providers, in an attempt to increase (AMWA) From web site awareness of domestic violence, improve the diagnosis and (www.amwa-doc.org/Education/) treatment of victims of domestic violence, and provide physicians and other health care professionals with knowledge and understanding of key aspects of domestic violence. American Nurses Position Statement: Physical Violence The American Nurses Association supports: Association (ANA) Against Women *Routine education of all nurses and health care providers in the skills necessary to prevent violence against women. From web site *Inclusion of the topic of violence against women in all (www.nursingworld.org/readroom/position/) undergraduate nursing curricula. Effective September 6, 1991. Originated by Council of Community Health Nurses, Congress of Nursing Practice. Adopted by ANA Board of Directors continued on next page 201

Policy Name, Source Key Points Related to 202 Organization Name And Date Established Education and Training American Psychological Public Interest Directorate The APA working group on Implications for Education and Association (APA) • Front Matter for Including Information on Training of Child Abuse and Neglect Issues encouraged the Child Abuse and Neglect in the development for this guide. Undergraduate Curriculum • Front Matter for Including Information on This publication is designed to facilitate the inclusion of child Child Abuse and Neglect in the abuse and neglect material in existing classes and the development Graduate Curriculum of courses that focus on child abuse and neglect. It consists of an outline of the topics that could be included in a comprehensive From web site semester-long course on child abuse and neglect and a series of (http://www.apa.org/pi/ugradfront.html) references to the literature and other educational materials for each topic. Written April 1996 Emergency Nurses Position Statement ENA supports mandatory professional training, curriculum Association (ENA) development, and continuing education for all health professionals From web site on domestic violence. (www.ena.org/services/posistate/data/domvio.html) Joint Commission on Standards Standard PE.1.8 Accreditation of Healthcare • The hospital has objective criteria for identifying and assessing Organizations (JCAHO) JCAHO: Comprehensive Accreditation possible victims of abuse and neglect, and they are used Manual for Hospitals, Update 3, 1997 throughout the organization. Staff are to be trained in the use of these criteria. • The criteria focus on observable evidence and not on allegation alone. They address at least the following situations: physical assault, rape or other sexual molestation, domestic abuse, and abuse or neglect of elders and children.

National Association of Comments to the Institute of Medicine’s NAON recommendations on education: Orthopedic Nurses (NAON) Committee on the Training Needs of Health Nurses must be educated to effectively deal with domestic violence Professionals to Respond to Family Violence victims including the elderly and disabled. Public Forum June 2000 • NAON recommends education on domestic violence as a requirement for license renewal for professional associations, Policy Recommendations by the National such as state medical and state nurses associations. Association of Orthopedic Nurses Regarding • NAON recommends health professional colleges develop Health Professionals’ Screening, Detection, and curricula on domestic violence and elder abuse. Referral of Domestic Violence Victims • NAON recommends that a minimum 10-hour curriculum on domestic violence be developed for nursing schools nationwide. National Association of Policy Statement for Family Violence *NASW encourages schools of social work to develop and Social Workers (NASW) implement curricula to prepare students adequately to meet the From “Social Work Speaks” demands of mandated witnesses and work in the field of family violence. Policy Statement approved by the NASW *NASW encourages the development of field experiences Delegate Assembly, Nov. 1987, and reconfirmed that reflect different approaches to assessment, treatment, and by the Delegate Assembly, Aug. 1993. The 1999 prevention in this field. Delegate Assembly voted to refer this policy *NASW promotes the development of in-service training and statement to the 2002 Delegate Assembly continuing education on all forms of family violence to increase for revision. the awareness and intervention strategies of social work practitioners. *NASW promotes the creation of interdisciplinary training, education, and comprehensive services to link and coordinate programs with health and protective services, the courts, schools, law enforcement agencies, the military, places of worship, workplace service providers, and social service systems for the effective treatment and prevention of family violence continued on next page 203

Policy Name, Source Key Points Related to 204 Organization Name And Date Established Education and Training The American College of Violence Against Women N/A Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) From “Violence Against Women” (Ad Hoc Committee) Approved by the ACNM BOD in Nov. 1995, revised Aug. 1997

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As many as 20 to 25 percent of American adults—or one in every four people—have been victimized by, witnesses of, or perpetrators of family violence in their lifetimes. Family violence affects more people than cancer, yet it's an issue that receives far less attention. Surprisingly, many assume that health professionals are deliberately turning a blind eye to this traumatic social problem.

The fact is, very little is being done to educate health professionals about family violence. Health professionals are often the first to encounter victims of abuse and neglect, and therefore they play a critical role in ensuring that victims—as well as perpetrators—get the help they need. Yet, despite their critical role, studies continue to describe a lack of education for health professionals about how to identify and treat family violence. And those that have been trained often say that, despite their education, they feel ill-equipped or lack support from by their employers to deal with a family violence victim, sometimes resulting in a failure to screen for abuse during a clinical encounter.

Equally problematic, the few curricula in existence often lack systematic and rigorous evaluation. This makes it difficult to say whether or not the existing curricula even works.

Confronting Chronic Neglect offers recommendations, such as creating education and research centers, that would help raise awareness of the problem on all levels. In addition, it recommends ways to involve health care professionals in taking some responsibility for responding to this difficult and devastating issue.

Perhaps even more importantly, Confronting Chronic Neglect encourages society as a whole to share responsibility. Health professionals alone cannot solve this complex problem. Responding to victims of family violence and ultimately preventing its occurrence is a societal responsibility

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