NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

The majority of the support for this project was provided by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract No. N00174-99-C-0052 and the National Science Foundation under grant No. ANI-9908155. Additional support was provided by the Association for Computing Machinery’s Special Interest Group on Data Communication, Hewlett-Packard, Intel Corporation, Interval Research Corporation, WorldCom, Sun Microsystems, Texas Instruments, and Qwest. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors.