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Spills of Emulsified Fuels: Risks and Response (2002)

Chapter: Appendix C Acronyms

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Acronyms." Transportation Research Board and National Research Council. 2002. Spills of Emulsified Fuels: Risks and Response. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10286.
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Page 104
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Acronyms." Transportation Research Board and National Research Council. 2002. Spills of Emulsified Fuels: Risks and Response. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10286.
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Page 105
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C Acronyms." Transportation Research Board and National Research Council. 2002. Spills of Emulsified Fuels: Risks and Response. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10286.
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Page 106

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Appendix C Acronyms AE alcohol ethoxylate AEA Short for a company called AEA Technology AMOP Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program APE alkylphenol ethoxylates API American Petroleum Institute measurement unit ASTM American Society of Testing and Materials BAC Bitor America Corporation Bitor Bitúmenes Orinoco, SA BTEX benzene, toulene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes BTU british thermal unit CFT Clean Fuels Technology COSAP Comparative Oil/Orimulsion Spill Assessment Program DESMI Name of a pump skimmer manufacturer DOE Department of Energy EIA Energy Information Administration EO ethylene oxide EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAF Forced Adhesion and Floatation 104

APPENDIX B APPENDIX C 105 HMRAD Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division LAPIO Low API oil, where API (above) is a measuring unit LAS linear alkyl benzene sulfonate LC-MS Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer LOEC Lowest-Observed-Effects Concentration MAH Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon(s) MEA monoethanolamine MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology MSRC Marine Spill Response Corporation NAE National Academy of Engineering NFPA National Fire Protection Association NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA/HZMAT National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Hazardous Materials Response Division NOEC No Observable Effect Concentration NPE alkyl phenyl ethoxylate NPE nonylphenol ethoxylate NRC National Research Council OPA-90 Oil Pollution Act of 1990 OPA Oil Pollution Act of 1990 OPRU Oil Pollution Research Unit OSRL Oil Spill Response Limited (has since changed its name to OSSC) OSSC Oil Spill Service Center PAHS polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons PDVSA Petroleos de Venezuela, SA PEG polyethylene glycols SMART Surveillance and Monitoring for Alternative Response Technology SPM suspended particular material TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act URD Underwater Remote Detection USCG United States Coast Guard

106 APPENDIX B VKI Name of consulting firm in Hørsholm, Denmark WAF water accommodated fraction WSF water-soluble fractions WSL Warren Springs Laboratory (since changed name to AEA Technology)

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Spills of Emulsified Fuels: Risks and Response is part of an evolving body of work conducted by the National Research Council (NRC) to help inform debate and decision-making regarding the ecological consequences of releases associated with the widespread use of fossil fuels. Like earlier NRC reports, it attempts to understand the chemical, physical, and biological behavior of a complex mix of compounds that make up various petroleum hydrocarbon-based fuels. The specific risk factors presented by emulsified fuels are difficult to characterize, mainly because there have been no spills of emulsified fuels to date, and thus there is little practical experience with these products.

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