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OCR for page 127
Immunization Safety Review: Multiple Immunizations and Immune Dysfunction
Appendix A
Chronology of Important Events Regarding Vaccine Safety
Year
Vaccine Licensure
Legislation and/or Policy Statements
IOM Reports on Vaccine Safety
1955
Inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV) available
1963
Oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) available, replaces IPV
Measles vaccine available
1967
Mumps vaccine available
1969
Rubella vaccine available
1971
Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine available
1977
Mumps vaccination recommended
Evaluation of Poliomyelitis Vaccines
1979
Current formulation of Rubella vaccine available, replaces earlier versions
1982
Plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine available
OCR for page 128
Immunization Safety Review: Multiple Immunizations and Immune Dysfunction
Year
Vaccine Licensure
Legislation and/or Policy Statements
IOM Reports on Vaccine Safety
1985
Hib vaccine licensed for children >15 months
1986
Congress passes Public Law 99–660, the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (introduced in 1984) calls for:
• est. of NVPO
• est. of NVAC
• est. of VICP
• est. of ACCV
IOM review of 1) pertussis and rubella, 2) routine child vaccines
1988
Evaluation of Poliomyelitis Vaccine Policy Options
1990
2 Hib conjugate vaccines licensed for use beginning at 2 months
1991
Acellular pertussis component licensed for the 4th and 5th doses of the 5-part DTP series in ACELIMUNE
Hepatitis B recommended by ACIP for addition to childhood immunization schedule
ACIP recommends Hib be added to childhood immunization schedule
Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines
1992
Acellular pertussis component licensed for the 4th and 5th doses of the 5-part DTP series in Tripedia
Hepatitis B vaccine: Added universal vaccination for all infants, high-risk adolescents (e.g., IV drug users, persons with multiple sex partners)
1993
Combined DTP and Hib vaccine (Tetramune) licensed
1994
Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality
DPT and Chronic Nervous System Dysfunction: A New Analysis
OCR for page 129
Immunization Safety Review: Multiple Immunizations and Immune Dysfunction
Year
Vaccine Licensure
Legislation and/or Policy Statements
IOM Reports on Vaccine Safety
1995
Varicella virus vaccine available (Varivax)
1996
DTaP vaccine (Tripedia and ACEL-IMUNE licensed for complete 5-dose series
ACIP recommends using IPV for the first 2 polio vaccinations, followed by OPV for remaining doses. Intended to be a transitional schedule for 3–5 years until an all -IPV series is available
ACIP recommends children 12months—12 years receive Varicella vaccin
Options for Poliomyelitis Vaccinations in the United States: Workshop Summary
1997
Additional DTaP vaccine (Infanrix) licensed for first 4 doses of 5-part series
ACIP recommends DTaP in place of DTP
Vaccine Safety Forum: Summary of Two Workshops
Risk Communication and Vaccination: Workshop Summary
1998
Additional DTaP vaccine (Certiva) licensed for first 4 doses of 5-part series
ACIP updates MMR recommendation, encouraging use of the combined MMR vaccine 1999
ACIP updates varicella vaccine recommendation, requiring immunity for child care and school entry
ACIP recommends an all-IPV schedule begin January 2000 to prevent cases of vaccine-associated paralytic polio AAP and PHS recommend removal of thimerosal from vaccines
Also recommended postponement of hepatitis B vaccine from birth to 2–6 months for infants of hepatitis B surface antigen-negative mothers
Additional supply of thimerosal-free hepatitis B vaccine made available
MMWR notifies readers of the availability of a thimerosal-free hepatitis B vaccine, enabling the resumption of the birth dose
OCR for page 130
Immunization Safety Review: Multiple Immunizations and Immune Dysfunction
Year
Vaccine Licensure
Legislation and/or Policy Statements
IOM Reports on Vaccine Safety
2000
Pneumococcal vaccine for infants and young children licensed (Prevnar)
ACIP recommends pneumococcal vaccination for all children 2–23 months, and at-risk children 24–59 months (e.g., immunocompromised)
2001
October: ACIP drafts statement expressing a preference for use of thimerosal-free DtaP, Hib, and Hep B vaccines by March 2002
Immunization Safety Review: Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine and Autism
Immunization Safety Review: Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Representative terms from entire chapter:
acip recommends
