NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for this report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Support for this project was provided by the Office of Emergency Preparedness, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (Contract No. 282-99-0045, TO#5). This support does not constitute endorsement of the views expressed in the report.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Evaluation of the Metropolitan Medical Response Program.

Preparing for terrorism : tools for evaluating the Metropolitan Medical Response System program / Frederick J. Manning and Lewis Goldfrank, editors ; Committee on Evaluation of the Metropolitan Medical Response System Program, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine.

p. ; cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

1. Disaster medicine. 2. Emergency medical services. 3. Terrorism—Health aspects. 4. Weapons of mass destruction—Health aspects. 5. Emergency management. 6. Health planning.

[DNLM: 1. Disaster Planning—organization & administration. 2. Emergency Medical Services—organization & administration. 3. Health Planning. 4. Program Evaluation—methods. 5. Terrorism. WX 185 I59p 2002] I. Manning, Frederick J. II. Goldfrank, Lewis R., 1941- III. Title.

RA645.5 .I54 2002

362.18—dc21

2002007502

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The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.