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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

THROUGH THE KALEIDOSCOPE

VIEWING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES TO HEALTH

The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium

Summary of the Institute of Medicine Symposium on Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health

Lisa F. Berkman, Ph.D., editor

Institute of Medicine

and

Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education

National Research Council

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC20418

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Support for this project was provided by a generous gift from Barbara and Jerome Grossman. The views presented in this report are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the funding organizations.

International Standard Book Number 0-309-08442-3

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For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the IOM home page at www.iom.edu.

Copyright 2002 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

National Academy of Sciences

National Academy of Engineering

Institute of Medicine

National Research Council

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

Acknowledgments

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) would like to thank Barbara and Jerome Grossman for providing the funds to support this symposium. The symposium and publication of this report would not have been possible without their generous gift.

I would also like to thank each of the symposium speakers for their thoughtful, informative, and lively presentations. Their work has been and will continue to be instrumental in recognizing the importance of behavioral, social, economic, and environmental influences on health. I extend special appreciation to the symposium chair and report editor, Lisa F. Berkman, for keeping the lively discussions focused and moving forward throughout the day.

I would like to thank the following IOM and National Research Council (NRC) staff for their help in planning the symposium, drawing from their experience as staff officers on projects from which the symposium largely drew its content: Christine R. Hartel, Director of the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, National Research Council; Terry C. Pellmar, Director, Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health; Brian D. Smedley, Study Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine; and Alexandra K. Wigdor, Study Director, National Research Council.

I would also like to thank the following IOM staff for assisting in the logistics, planning, and execution of the symposium: Barbara D. Boyd,

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

Administrative Assistant, Institute of Medicine; Donna D. Duncan, Deputy Director, Office of Council and Membership Services, Institute of Medicine; Don Tiller, Senior Membership Assistant, Office of Council and Membership Services, Institute of Medicine; Hallie Wilfert, Manager of New Media, Institute of Medicine; and especially Leslie Baer, who stepped in at the last minute to do a terrific job of handling the meeting logistics. And a special thanks goes to Jennifer Otten, who took the lead in organizing this effort early on and who has played a continuing key role in this effort.

We also extend a special thanks to those who attended the symposium and continue to keep the dialogue alive.

Susanne A. Stoiber

Executive Officer

Institute of Medicine

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

Contents

 

 

Introduction

 

1

 

 

Introduction to the Subject
Lisa F. Berkman, Ph.D., Chair, Department of Health and Social Behavior, Florence Sprague Norman and Laura Smart Norman Professor of Health and Social Behavior, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University

 

3

 

 

What We Know: The Tantalizing Potential

 

 

   

Etiology, Part I
John Cacioppo, Ph.D., Tiffany and Margaret Blake Distinguished Service Professor; Director, Social Psychology Program; and Co-Director, Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago

 

8

   

Etiology, Part II
Robert J. Sampson, Ph.D., Lucy Flower Professor in Sociology, Department of Social Sciences, The University of Chicago

 

12

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

 

 

Early Childhood Interventions: Theories of Change, Empirical Findings, and Research Priorities

 

 

   

Interventions, Part I
Jack P. Shonkoff, M.D., Dean, Heller Graduate School; Samuel F. and Rose B. Gingold Professor of Human Development and Social Policy, Brandeis University

 

16

   

Interventions, Part II
Margaret Chesney, Ph.D., Professor of Medicine, Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco

 

20

 

 

Why Exploiting This Knowledge Will Be Essential to Achieving Health Improvements in the 21st Century
Raynard S. Kington, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Director of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, National Institutes of Health

 

24

 

 

Refocus
Lisa F. Berkman, Ph.D., Harvard School of Public Health

 

29

 

 

Research to Understand the Mechanisms Through Which Social and Behavioral Factors Influence Health
Bruce S. McEwen, Ph.D., Alfred E. Mirsky Professor, Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University

 

31

 

 

Investments in Longitudinal Surveys, Databases, Advanced Statistical Research, and Computation Technology
Robert M. Hauser, M.D., Vilas Research Professor of Sociology, Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin

 

36

 

 

Investments in Research and Interventions at the Community Level
S. Leonard Syme, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Division of Public Health Biology and Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley

 

42

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×

 

 

Reactor Panel for Research Funders
Lynda A. Anderson, Ph.D., Senior Health Scientist, Prevention Research Centers Program, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention J. Michael McGinnis, M.D., Senior Vice President and Director, Health Group, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Judy Vaitukaitis, M.D., Director, National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health

 

46

 

 

Wrap-up
Kenneth I. Shine, M.D., President, Institute of Medicine

 

53

Appendix A:

 

Symposium Agenda

 

57

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
Page R5
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
Page R6
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
Page R7
Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
Page R8
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
Page R9
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Through the Kaleidoscope: Viewing the Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Health -- The Barbara and Jerome Grossman Symposium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10417.
×
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The importance of behavioral, social, economic, and environmental influences on health is increasingly recognized. Further, the relationships among genetic factors, social influences, and the physical environment are now of growing interest to the research, policy, public health, and clinical communities. As research in these areas yields new knowledge about these interactions, we are faced with the challenge of applying and translating that knowledge into practical applications or policy directions.

To advance this challenge, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) brought together experts and collaborators at a symposium in May 2001. The symposium featured five reports released in the last 12 months by the IOM and the Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education (DBASSE). The reports were the starting point for assessing the status of behavioral and social science research relating to health, identifying where the greatest opportunities appear to lie in translating this research into clinical medicine, public health, and social policy; and recognizing the barriers that continue to impede significant progress in conducting and utilizing this field of research. This report is a proceedings of the symposium from these experts in the field. Topics covered include research design, training, infrastructure investments, grant making, etiology, interventions, and priority investments necessary to support rapid advances in the behavioral and social sciences.

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