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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients) (2005)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)

Citation Manager

. "G Special Analyses for Dietary Fats." Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005.

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Page
1076
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Page
1076
Front Matter (R1-R26)
Summary (1-20)
1 Introduction to Dietary Reference Intakes (21-37)
2 Methods and Approaches Used (38-52)
3 Relationship of Macronutrients and Physical Activity to Chronic Disease (53-83)
4 A Model for the Development of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (84-106)
5 Energy (107-264)
6 Dietary Carbohydrates: Sugars and Starches (265-338)
7 Dietary, Functional, and Total Fiber (339-421)
8 Dietary Fats: Total Fat and Fatty Acids (422-541)
9 Cholesterol (542-588)
10 Protein and Amino Acids (589-768)
11 Macronutrients and Healthful Diets (769-879)
12 Physical Activity (880-935)
13 Applications of Dietary Reference Intakes for Macronutrients (936-967)
14 A Research Agenda (968-972)
A Glossary and Acronyms (973-977)
B Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intakes (978-984)
C Acknowledgments (985-987)
D Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994 (988-1027)
E Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998 (1028-1065)
F Canadian Dietary Intake Data, 1990–1997 (1066-1075)
G Special Analyses for Dietary Fats (1076-1077)
H Body Composition Data Based on the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994 (1078-1103)
I Doubly Labeled Water Data Used to Predict Energy Expenditure (1104-1202)
J Association of Added Sugars Intake and Intake of Other Nutrients (1203-1225)
K Data Comparing Carbohydrate Intake to Intake of Other Nutrients from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998 (1226-1243)
L Options for Dealing with Uncertainties (1244-1249)
M Nitrogen Balance Studies Used to Estimate the Protein Requirements in Adults (1250-1258)
Biographical Sketches of Panel and Subcommittee Members (1259-1274)
Index (1275-1318)
Summary Tables, Dietary Reference Intakes (1319-1332)

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OCR for page 1076
G Special Analyses for Dietary Fats TABLE G-1 Minimum Saturated Fat Intake Using Nonvegetarian Menusa Saturated Fat (%) n -3 (α-linolenic acid) = n -3 (α-linolenic acid) = 0.6% and n-6 1.2% and n-6 Total Fat (%) (linoleic acid) = 5% (linoleic acid) = 10% 20 2.8 2.7 25 3.6 3.2 30 4.3 3.9 35 5.0 4.5 a Ten nonvegetarian menus were created using Nutritionist Five, Version 2.3 (First Databank, San Bruno, CA). In general, brand products were not used because data for linoleic and α-linolenic acids were not available for these products. Since canola and soybean oils are the primary sources of α-linolenic acid in the U.S. diet (Kris-Etherton PM, Taylor DS, Yu-Poth S, Huth P, Moriarty K, Fishell V, Hargrove RL, Zhao G, Etherton TD. 2000. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food chain in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr 71:179S–188S), these oils were used when possible. When attempting to keep saturated fat as low as possible and linoleic and α-linolenic acid at defined levels, rich sources of monounsaturated fats were incorporated. 1076

OCR for page 1077
1077 A PPENDIX G TABLE G-2 Minimum Saturated Fat Intake Using Vegetarian Menus a Saturated Fat (%) n -3 (α-linolenic acid) = n -3 (α-linolenic acid) = 0.6% and n-6 1.2% and n-6 Total Fat (%) (linoleic acid) = 5% (linoleic acid) = 10% 20 2.8 2.7 20 2.7 2.6 25 3.6 3.2 30 4.3 3.9 35 4.9 4.5 a Ten nonvegetarian menus were created using Nutritionist Five, Version 2.3 (First Databank, San Bruno, CA). In general, brand products were not used because data for linoleic and α-linolenic acids were not available for these products. Since canola and soybean oils are the primary sources of α-linolenic acid in the U.S. diet (Kris-Etherton PM, Taylor DS, Yu-Poth S, Huth P, Moriarty K, Fishell V, Hargrove RL, Zhao G, Etherton TD. 2000. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food chain in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr 71:179S–188S), these oils were used when possible. When attempting to keep saturated fat as low as possible and linoleic and α-linolenic acid at defined levels, rich sources of monounsaturated fats were incorporated.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

fat intake