vehicle. Several vehicles by Great Britain include the Bison and Groundhog ordnance disposal vehicles, the Armored Vehicle Royal Engineers (AVRE) mounted on a Chieftain chassis and the Combat Engineer Tractor (CET). The British MARDI (Mobile Advanced Robotics Defense Initiative) test bed is teleoperated with optical fiber, intended for possible applications in RSTA and smokescreen operations.

The German PRIMUS (Program of Intelligent Mobile Unmanned Systems) mounted on the 4-ton Wiesel vehicle is teleoperated with some semiautonomous capabilities. A cooperative program is being conducted with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory on the auto-navigation system.

The French SYRANO (Systeme Robotise d’Acquisition pour la Neutralisation D’Objectifs) is teleoperated with optical fiber and with some semiautonomous capabilities. Possible applications include RSTA.

The foreign UGV activities are focused principally on platform-oriented R&D and on advanced concept demonstrations. Teleoperated vehicles are the most developed and are expected to be the principal applications in the next 5–15 years, with an increased application of semiautonomous ca

pabilities, based on continuing development, particularly in computational power and in command and control capabilities. It is anticipated that smaller vehicles with limited intelligence will be utilized. Beyond 15 years increased autonomy is anticipated.

This section provides the basis for the answer to Task Statement Question 3.c in Box 3-4.

Front Matter (R1-R20)

Executive Summary (1-12)

1. Introduction (13-16)

2. Operational and Technical Requirements (17-29)

3. Review of Current UGV Efforts (30-41)

4. Autonomous Behavior Technologies (42-71)

5. Supporting Technologies (72-93)

6. Technology Integration (94-103)

7. Roadmaps to the Future (104-110)

8. Findings and Recommendations (111-115)

References (116-120)

Appendix A: Committee Member Biographical Sketches (121-124)

Appendix B: Meetings and Activities (125-126)

Appendix C: Autonomous Mobility (127-150)

Appendix D: Historical Perspective (151-160)