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CGlossary and Acronyms BEC BEST Bose-Einstein condensation. At a temperature near absolute zero, atoms behave as a "superatom." In rubidium, this phase change is made at ~170 billionths of a degree above absolute zero. boundary effects near the superfluid transition biopolymer a macromolecule in a living organism formed by linking together several smaller molecules (i.e., protein from amino acids or DNA from nucleotides) BTC Biotechnology Temperature Controller CHEX confined helium experiment CIR Combustion Integrated Rack colloid any gas, solid, or liquid in a fine state of subdivision, with particles too small to be seen in an ordinary microscope, that is dispersed in a continuous gaseous, liquid, or solid medium and does not settle, or settles very slowly CRADA Cooperative Research and Development Agreement CVX critical viscosity experiment dendrite a mineral crystallizing in another mineral in a branching or beelike form DOE Department of Energy DYNAMX critical dynamics in microgravity experiment FDA Food and Drug Administration Froude number a dimensionless number equal to the ratio of buoyancy to pressure forces "elation solidification by cooling or freezing GRACE gravity recovery and climate experiment HEDS human exploration and development of space ISS International Space Station 104
APPENDIX C 1OS LISA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna LPE lambda point experiment MISTE mosaicity MEMS microelectromechanical systems microgravity an environment in which there is very little net gravitational force, such as in free fall or in orbit microgravity scaling theory experiment a measure of misalignment between small coherent blocks of individual molecules within a protein crystal. Lower mosaicity results in higher-quality X-ray diffrac- tion data nanoscale lengths between 1 and 100 nanometers, or 10-7 to 10-9 meters NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NCCU NASA Cell Culture Unit NCI National Cancer Institute NIH National Institutes of Health NRA NASA Research Announcement NRC National Research Council NSF National Science Foundation NSTC National Science and Technology Council OBPR Office of Biological and Physical Research OMEGA Orbiting Medium Explorer for Gravitational Astrophysics PARCS primary atomic reference clock in space experiment PI principal investigator proteomics systematic analysis of the protein expression of healthy and diseased tissues PSD Physical Sciences Division of OBPR RACE rubidium atomic clock experiment rheology study of the deformation and flow of matter RWB Rotating Wall Bioreactor SIM Space Interferometry Mission ST3 Space Technology 3 STEP satellite test of equivalence principle SUMO superconducting microwave oscillator experiment superfluid a fluid, such as a liquid form of helium, exhibiting a frictionless flow at tempera- tures close to absolute zero thermocapillary referring to changes in surface tension due to temperature variations that can generate fluid motions TPF Terrestrial Planet Finder ZENO critical fluid light scattering experiment