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FIGURE 2.1 IKONOS 4-meter multispectral image of Patterson Park, Baltimore City, Md. Darkened background shows chlorophyll reflectance, which indicates areas of vegetation (e.g., grass and trees). SOURCE: Baltimore City Department of Planning.
parks, including small stands of original forest, city officials wanted urban forests to be mapped as well. With a grant from the Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Baltimore planning officials and the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR) collaborated to obtain IKONOS imagery—high-resolution satellite images produced by the private sector that the city could use to map its forested areas (Figure 2.1).
Once the remote sensing data were in hand and DNR had extracted the vegetation from the image, Baltimore officials recognized that there were many other uses for the data, and today they are using them to create a land use map of the city for development, environmental, and social purposes and for updating the planimetric maps. The city is also planning for new applications in such areas as flood plain mapping, watershed planning, and identification of viewsheds.2
2
A viewshed is a panoramic view from a specific point and is a function within GIS software that allows visualization of the data. A viewshed is the calculation of a line-of-sight map for a point location. Telecommunications groups use viewsheds to determine whether any ground interference might be present in the line of sight for cellular telephone towers.
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