| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copyright © 2009. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Statement |
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 23
Appendix A
COMMITTEE ON HUMAN RIGHTS
Description
.
. .
The Committee on Human Rights was created in 1976 In
response to concern by members of the National Academy of Sci-
ences (NAS) about widespread abuses of human nghts, particu-
larly those of their scientific colleagues. ~ 1994, the National
Academy of Engineenng (NAE) and the Institute of Medicine
(IOM) joined the NAS as fills sponsors of the committee. The
committee is composed of members drawn Tom the membership
of the Tree institutions. The committee has the active support of
more than 1,700 members of the NAS, NAE, and TOM, who assist
it as "correspondents" in its human rights work by writing appeals
In behalf of and letters of encouragement to ~mpnsoned col-
leagues. The committee is financially supported by the NAS,
NAE, and TOM, several private foundations, arid contributions
Dom private donors.
The work of the committee is grounded in pnnciples set
forth in the U.N. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (IJDHR).
The committee does not support or oppose any government or po-
litical system; it does hold governments responsible for confonn-
23
OCR for page 24
24
HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE MACK CASK
ing to international standards for the protection of human rights
and accountable when they do not.
The committee uses the influence and prestige of the insti-
tutions it represents in behalf of scientists, engineers, and health
professionals anywhere in the world who are unjustly detained or
imprisoned for exercising their basic human nits as promulgated
by the UDHR. Each case is carefully investigated, using a variety
of sources, before being taken up by the co~runittee. Such indi-
viduals cannot have been known to use or advocate violence. The
committee also intervenes in behalf of non-violent colleagues who
are the recipients of death threats, and it works to promote just
prosecution in cases of individuals who have been killed for politi
cat reasons.
~ .
.
Activities of the committee include private inquiries, ap-
peals to governments, moral support to prisoners and their fami-
lies, and consciousness-rais~ng efforts such as workshops and
symposia. Penodically, it undertakes a mission of inquiry to a
country. It issues public statements regarding a case or reports on
the human rights situation In a country only when significant pri-
vate efforts have proved unsuccessful and after the NAS Council
and the presidents of the NAE and lOM have approved such action
by the committee. The committee also is a catalyst for human
rights issues of concern to the members of the academy complex.
The committee serves as He secretariat for the Interna-
tional Human Rights Network of Academies and Scholarly Socie-
ties. The Network, created In 1993, works to address grave issues
of s cience and human rights, p articularly the unjust detention or
imprisorunent of colleagues, throughout He world. Currently, sci
ence academies arid scholarly societies In 60 countries are affili-
ated with the Network; each is represented by internationally
prominent members who are also human rights advocates. The
members of He Network's Executive Conunittee are: Aguna
Aluwihare, Sn Lanka; Claude Cohen-Tannoubji, France; Ayse Er-
zarl, Turkey; Frangois Jacob, France; John Poland, Canada; Pieter
OCR for page 25
APPENDIX A
25
van Dijk, the Netheriands; Edoardo Vesent~n~, Italy, and Torsten
Wiesel, the United States of Amenca.
.
OCR for page 26
~ -
6
Representative terms from entire chapter:
scholarly societies