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Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility
Accountability
alcohol industry, 4 , 143-144
entertainment industry, 156-157
Acute impairment, consequences of, 59-63
Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trials, 196
Adolescent development
cognitive changes, 73-75
decision-making competency, 30 , 73-74 , 77 , 84-85 , 113
desire for autonomy, 72-73 , 75 , 85
identity construction, 72
peer influence, 9 , 19 , 45 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 76 , 78 , 83-84 , 86
personality characteristics, 76 , 85
and program dose and follow-up, 196
and risk perception, 74 , 76 , 77
self-efficacy, 9 , 76 , 78
self-esteem, 77
Adult-oriented interventions, 31-32 , 86 .
See also National media campaign, adult-focused
Adults.
See also Parents;
Public opinion/awareness
attitudes about underage drinking, 3 , 22-23 , 31 , 109-111
consequences of drinking, 58-59 , 64
drinking behavior, 19-20 , 24 , 35 , 39 , 42 , 43 , 47 , 52 , 53-54 , 85 , 98-99 , 188
influence of underage drinking on later behavior, xvi , 18 , 65 , 66
knowledge about underage drinking, 3 , 111-114
purchase of alcohol for underage drinkers, 20 , 35 , 168
supervision of adolescents, 82
Advertising, 18
adult drinking levels and, 98
alcopops, 133-134 , 137
audience proportion threshold, 132 , 138-140 , 141
codes and code enforcement, 4 , 137 , 138 , 141 , 142-143 , 146
college bans on, 144
constitutional issues, 4 , 135-136 , 142
content, 4 , 20 , 79 , 105 , 126 , 136 n.6, 137 , 140-141
“drink responsibly” message, 101 , 125 , 129
entertainment industry and, 105 , 142-143 , 146-147 , 148 , 149 , 151 , 152
expenditures, 20 , 132 , 133 , 138
FTC recommendations, 15 , 135 , 137 , 138 , 141 , 142-143 , 149
influence on youth, 4 , 71 , 79 , 105 , 129 , 132-133 , 218
Internet, 142
literacy programs, 195
measured media purchases, 132 , 133
monitoring exposure to, 4 , 139-140 , 143-144
placement, 136 n.6, 137 , 138-140 , 142-143
print media, 139-140
public awareness of practices, 4 , 15 , 143-144
recommendations, 4 , 136 , 137 , 143-144
research on causal links, 133-134
social norms marketing, 128 , 129 , 190
on television programs, 4 , 129 , 132 , 138-139
unmeasured promotion, 132
African Americans
access to alcohol, 182
driving and drinking, 60
patterns of underage drinking, 36 , 40 , 41 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52
risky sexual behavior, 62
violence-related deaths, 61
Age groups.
See also Adults;
College students;
High school students;
Initiation age of drinking;
Junior high school students
and expectancies about alcohol, 72
and location of drinking, 57
and message development, 93 n.1
patterns of drinking by, 39 , 40-43 , 46 , 47 , 50 , 57 , 78
segregation effects, 72 , 75 , 82
Alcohol 101 program, 18 , 129
Alcohol dependency, 58 , 59 , 63 , 65 , 66 , 69 , 70 , 76 , 85 , 212-215
Alcohol industry
accountability, 4 , 143-144
advertising and promotion, 4 , 15 , 18 , 20 , 79 , 105 , 126 , 132-143
“best practices,” 15 , 126 , 137 , 138 , 141
independent nonprofit foundation, 130-131 , 235
prevention programs, 3 , 6 , 15 , 17-18 , 101 , 102 , 105 , 126 , 127-132 , 144 , 180-181
public attitudes about controls on, 15
