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Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility (2004)
Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education (DBASSE)

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. "Executive Summary." Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2004.

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Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility

Recommendation 9-3: The federal government should require states to achieve designated rates of retailer compliance with youth access prohibitions as a condition of receiving relevant block grant funding, similar to the Synar Amendment’s requirements for youth tobacco sales.

Recommendation 9-4: States should require all sellers and servers of alcohol to complete state-approved training as a condition of employment.

Recommendation 9-5: States should enact or strengthen dram shop liability statutes to authorize negligence-based civil actions against commercial providers of alcohol for serving or selling alcohol to a minor who subsequently causes injury to others, while allowing a defense for sellers who have demonstrated compliance with responsible business practices. States should include in their dram shop statutes key portions of the Model Alcoholic Beverage Retail Licensee Liability Act of 1985, including the responsible business practices defense.

Recommendation 9-6: States that allow Internet sales and home delivery of alcohol should regulate these activities to reduce the likelihood of sales to underage purchasers. States should

  • require all packages for delivery containing alcohol to be clearly labeled as such;

  • require persons who deliver alcohol to record the recipient’s age identification information from a valid government-issued document (such as a driver’s license or ID card); and

  • require recipients of home delivery of alcohol to sign a statement verifying receipt of alcohol and attesting that he or she is of legal age to purchase alcohol.

Recommendation 9-7: States and localities should implement enforcement programs to deter adults from purchasing alcohol for minors. States and communities should

  • routinely undertake shoulder tap or other prevention programs targeting adults who purchase alcohol for minors, using warnings, rather than citations, for the first offense;

  • enact and enforce laws to hold retailers responsible, as a condition of licensing, for allowing minors to loiter and solicit adults to purchase alcohol for them on outlet property; and

  • use nuisance and loitering ordinances as a means of discouraging youth from congregating outside of alcohol outlets in order to solicit adults to purchase alcohol.

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Front Matter (R1-R18)
Executive Summary (1-12)
1. Introduction: The Challenge (13-32)
I. Underage Drinking in the United States - 2. Characteristics of Underage Drinking (33-57)
3. Consquences of Underage Drinking (58-69)
4. Understanding Youth Drinking (70-86)
II. The Strategy - 5. Designing the Strategy (87-107)
6. National Media Campaign (108-124)
7. Alcohol Industry (125-144)
8. Entertainment Industries (145-157)
9. Access (158-184)
10. Youth-Oriented Interventions (185-215)
11. Communities (216-231)
12. Federal and State Governments (232-249)
References (250-282)
Appendix A: Statement of Task (283-283)
Appendix B: Agenda and Participants, October 10-11, 2002, Public Workshop (284-288)
Appendix C: Agenda and Participants, November 18, 2002, Open Committee Meeting and Public Forum (289-291)
Appendix D: Other Public Contributors (292-295)
Appendix E: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff (296-302)
Index (303-318)
1 The Epidemiology of Underage Drinking in the United States: An Overview--Robert L. Flewelling, Mallie J. Paschall, and Christopher Ringwalt (319-350)
2 Social, Health, and Economic Consequences of Underage Drinking--Ralph Hingson and Donald Kenkel (351-382)
3 Health Consequences of Adolescent Alcohol Involvement--Sandra A. Brown and Susan F. Tapert (383-401)
4 Developmental and Environmental Influences on Underage Drinking: A General Overview--Bonnie L. Halpern-Felsher and Michael Biehl (402-416)
5 Perceptions of Risk and Social Judgments: Biases and Motivational Factors--Janis E. Jacobs (417-436)
6 Alcohol Use and Misuse: Prevention Strategies with Minors--William Hansen and Linda Dusenbury (437-457)
7 Supply Side Approaches to Reducing Underage Drinking: An Assessment of the Scientific Evidence--Harold D. Holder (458-489)
8 Effectiveness of Sanctions and Law Enforcement Practices Targeted at Underage Drinking Not Involving Operation of a Motor Vehicle--Thomas L. Hafemeister and Shelly L. Jackson (490-540)
9 The Effects of Price on Alcohol Use, Abuse, and Their Consequences--Frank J. Chaloupka (541-564)
10 Media Intervention Impact: Evidence and Promising Strategies--Charles Atkin (565-596)
11 Alcohol in the Media: Drinking Portrayals, Alcohol Advertising, and Alcohol Consumption Among Youth--Joel W. Grube (597-624)
12 Alcohol Advertising and Promotion--David Jernigan and James O’Hara (625-653)
13 Drinking and Coming of Age in a Cross-Cultural Perspective--Robin Room (654-677)
14 Preventing Underage Drinking in American Indian and Alaska Native Communities: Contexts, Epidemiology, and Culture--Douglas K. Novins, Paul Spicer, Janette Beals, and Spero M. Manson (678-696)
15 Teen Treatment: Addressing Alcohol Problems Among Adolescents--Rosalind Brannigan, Mathea Falco, Linda Dusenbury, and William B. Hansen (697-715)
16 Youth Smoking Prevention Policy: Lessons Learned and Continuing Challenges--Paula M. Lantz (716-742)