National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: 9 Behavioral Studies
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

References

AAALAC (Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International). (2002). Position Statement on Cercopthecine herpes virus 1, CHV-1 (Herpesvirus-B).

AALAS (American Association for Laboratory Animal Science). (2000). Position Statement on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals.

Abbott, F. V., Franklin, K. B. J., and Westbrook, R. F. (1995). The formalin test: Scoring properties of the first and second phases of the pain response in rats. Pain, 60(1), 91–102.

Abbott, F. V., and Guy, E. R. (1995). Effects of morphine, pentobarbital and amphetamine on formalin-induced behaviours in infant rats: Sedation versus specific suppression of pain. Pain, 62(3), 303–12.

Abboud, T. K., Zhu, J., Richardson, M., Peres da Silva, E., and Donovan, M. (1995). Desflurane: A new volatile anesthetic for cesarean section. Maternal and neonatal effects. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 39(6), 723–26.

Abell, P., Pangilinan, G. N., and Chellman, G. J. (1995). Novel restraint device for oral dosing of rabbits. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 34(6), 86–87.

Abo-Zena, R. A., and Horwitz, M. E. (2002). Immunomodulation in stem-cell transplantation. Curr Opin Pharmacol, 2(4), 452–57.

Aiello, S. (ed). (1998a). Emergency medicine and critical care. The Merck Veterinary Manual (8th ed). Whitehouse Station, NY: Merck and Co., Inc.

Aiello, S. (ed). (1998b). Exotic and laboratory animals. The Merck Veterinary Manual (8th ed). Whitehouse Station, NY: Merck and Co., Inc.

Aiello, S. (ed). (1998c). The immune system. The Merck Veterinary Manual (8th ed). Whitehouse Station, NY: Merck and Co., Inc.

Albee, R. R., Mattsson, J. L., Yano, B. L., and Chang, L. W. (1987). Neurobehavioral effects of dietary restriction in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 9(3), 203–11.

Allen, A. R. (1911). Surgery of experimental lesion of spinal cord equivalent to crush injury of fracture dislocation of spinal column. J Am Med Assoc, 57, 878–80.

Allred, J. B., and Berntson, G. G. (1986). Is euthanasia of rats by decapitation inhumane? J Nutr, 116(9), 1859–61.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Amaral, D. G. (2002). The primate amygdala and the neurobiology of social behavior: Implications for understanding social anxiety. Biol Psychiat, 51(1), 11–17.

Anand, K. J., Coskun, V., Thrivikraman, K. V., Nemeroff, C. B., and Plotsky, P. M. (1999). Long-term behavioral effects of repetitive pain in neonatal rat pups. Physiol Behav, 66(4), 627–37.

Anderson, C. O., and Mason, W. A. (1974). Early experience and complexity of social organization in groups of young rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). J Comp Physiol Psychol, 87, 681–690.

Anil, S. S., Anil, L., and Deen, J. (2002). Challenges of pain assessment in domestic animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 220(3), 313–19.

Anonymous (1966) Vitamine-A deficiency and blindness. Lancet, 2(7462), 536–537.

Anonymous. (1988). Anesthesia and paralysis in experimental animals: Report of a workshop held in Bethesda, Maryland, October 27, 1984. Organized by the Visual Sciences B Study Section, Division of Research Grants, National Institutes of Health. Visual Neurosci, 1(4), 421–26.

Anonymous (1996). Gene therapy. Scientist, 10(12), 14.

Anonymous (2002). Guidelines for the treatment of animals in behavioral research and teaching. Anim Behav, 63, 195–199.

ARENA-OLAW. (2002). Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidebook (2nd ed). Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.

Ator, N. A. (1991). Subjects and instrumentation. I. H. Iversen, and K. A. Lattal (eds), Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences: Experimental Analysis of Behavior, Part 1 (pp. 1–62). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers.

Auricchio, A., Acton, P. D., Hildinger, M., Louboutin, J. P., Plossl, K., O’Connor, E., Kung, H. F., and Wilson, J. M. (2003). In vivo quantitative noninvasive imaging of gene transfer by single-photon emission computerized tomography. Hum Gene Ther, 14(3), 255–61.

AVMA (American Veterinary Medical Association). (2001). 2000 Report of the AVMA panel on euthanasia. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 218(5), 669–96.

Baker, S. N., Philbin, N., Spinks, R., Pinches, E. M., Wolpert, D. M., MacManus, D. G., Pauluis, Q., and Lemon, R. N. (1999). Multiple single unit recording in the cortex of monkeys using independently moveable microelectrodes. J Neurosci Methods, 94(1), 5–17.

Balaban, R. S., and Hampshire, V. A. (2001). Challenges in small animal noninvasive imaging. ILAR J, 42(3), 248–62.

Barlow, C., Hirotsune, S., Paylor, R., Liyanage, M., Eckhaus, M., Collins, F., Shiloh, Y., Crawley, J. N., Ried, T., Tagle, D., and Wynshaw-Boris, A. (1996). Atm-deficient mice: A paradigm of ataxia telangiectasia. Cell, 86(1), 159–71.

Barnes, C. A. (1979). Memory deficits associated with senescence: a neurophysiological and behavioral study in the rat. J Comp Physiol Psychol, 93, 74-104.

Barnes, C. A., Jung, M. W., McNaughton, B. L., Korol, D. L., Andreasson, K., and Worley, P. F. (1994). LTP saturation and spatial learning disruption: Effects of task variables and saturation levels. J Neurosci, 14(10), 5793–5806.

Barr, G. A. (1999). Antinociceptive effects of locally administered morphine in infant rats. Pain, 81(1-2), 155–61.

Barr, G. A., Miya, D. Y., and Paredes, W. (1992). Analgesic effects of intraventricular and intrathecal injection of morphine and ketocyclazocine in the infant rat. Brain Res, 584(1-2), 83–91.

Baumans, V., Brain, P. F., Brugere, H., Clausing, P., Jeneskog, T., Perretta, G., et al. (1994). Pain and distress in laboratory rodents and lagomorphs. Lab Anim, 28(2), 97–112.

Bayne, K. (1996). Normal and abnormal behaviors of laboratory animals: What do they mean? Lab Anim, 25, 21–24.

Bayne, K. (2000). Assessing pain and distress: A veterinary behaviorist’s perspective. NRC, Definition of Pain and Distress and Reporting Requirements for Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Bayne, K. (2002). Development of the human-research animal bond and its impact on animal well-being. ILAR J, 43(1), 4–9.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Bayne, K., and Novak, M. (1998). Behavioral disorders. B. T. Benner, C. R. Abee, and R. Henrickson (eds), Nonhuman Primates in Biomedical Research: Diseases. New York: Academic Press.

Bayne, K. A. L., Beaver, B., and Mench, J. A. (2002). Laboratory animal behaviour. J. G. Fox, L. C. Anderson, F. M. Loew, and F. W. Quimby (eds), Laboratory Animal Medicine (2nd ed). New York: Academic Press.

Bayne, K. A. L., Dexter, S. L., and Strange, G. M. (1993). The effects of food treat provisioning and human interaction on the behavioral well-being of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 32(2), 6–9.

Beamer, T. C. (1972). Pathological changes associated with ovarian transplantation. 44th Annual Report of the Jackson Laboratory. Bar Harbor, ME.

Becker, H. C. (1996). Effects of ethanol on the central nervous system: Fetal damage—neurobehavioral effects. R. A. Deitrich, and V. G. Erwin (eds), Pharmacological Effects of Ethanol on the Nervous System. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Belcheva, M. M., Dawn, S., Barg, J., McHale, R. J., Ho, M. T., Ignatova, E., and Coscia, C. J. (1994). Transient down-regulation of neonatal rat brain mu-opioid receptors upon in utero exposure to buprenorphine. Brain Res Dev Brain Res, 80(1-2), 158–62.

Bellinger, L. L., and Mendel, V. E. (1975). Effect of deprivation and time of refeeding on food intake. Physiol Behav, 14(1), 43–46.

Belzung, C., and Griebel, G. (2001). Measuring normal and pathological anxiety-like behaviour in mice: A review. Behav Brain Res, 125(1-2), 141–49.

Benazzouz, A., Boraud, T., Feger, J., Burbaud, P., Bioulac, B., and Gross, C. (1996). Alleviation of experimental hemiparkinsonism by high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in primates: A comparison with L-dopa treatment. Mov Disord, 11(6), 627–32.

Benazzouz, A., Gross, C., Feger, J., Boraud, T., and Bioulac, B. (1993). Reversal of rigidity and improvement in motor performance by subthalamic high-frequency stimulation in MPTP-treated monkeys. Eur J Neurosci, 5(4), 382–89.

Bennett, B. T., Brown, M. J., and Schofield, J. C. (1994). Essentials for Animal Research: A Primer for Research Personnel (2nd ed). Beltsville, Maryland: National Agricultural Library.

Bennett, G. J., and Xie, Y. K. (1988). A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man. Pain, 33(1), 87–107.

Bergman, H., Wichmann, T., and DeLong, M. R. (1990). Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by lesions of the subthalamic nucleus. Science, 249(4975), 1436–38.

Bergmann, B. M., Kushida, C. A., Everson, C. A., Gilliland, M. A., Obermeyer, W., and Rechtschaffen, A. (1989). Sleep deprivation in the rat: II. Methodology. Sleep, 12(1), 5–12.

Bhutta, A. T., Rovnaghi, C., Simpson, P. M., Gossett, J. M., Scalzo, F. M., and Anand, K. J. (2001). Interactions of inflammatory pain and morphine in infant rats: Long- term behavioral effects. Physiol Behav, 73(1-2), 51–58.

Binder, R. L. (1996). Nonstressful restraint device for longitudinal evaluation and photography of mouse skin lesions during tumorigenesis studies. Lab Anim Sci, 46(3), 350–51.

Blanchard, R. J., Fukunaga, K., Blanchard, D. C. , and Kelley, M. J. (1975). Conspecific aggression in the laboratory rat. J Comp Physiol Psychol, 89(10), 1204–1209.

Blass, E. M., Cramer, C. P., and Fanselow, M. S. (1993). The development of morphine-induced antinociception in neonatal rats: A comparison of forepaw, hindpaw, and tail retraction from a thermal stimulus. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 44(3), 643–49.

Blumenkopf, B., and Lipman, J. J. (1991). Studies in autotomy: Its pathophysiology and usefulness as a model of chronic pain. Pain, 45(2), 203–209.

Boggs, S. S. (1990). Targeted gene modification for gene therapy of stem cells. Int J Cell Cloning, 8(2), 80–96.

Bolles, R. C. (1970). Species-specific defensive reactions and avoidance learning. Psychol Rev, 71, 32–48.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Bolles, R. C. (1975). Theory of Motivation. New York: Harper.

Boraud, T., Bezard, E., Bioulac, B., and Gross, C. (1996). High frequency stimulation of the internal Globus Pallidus (GPi) simultaneously improves parkinsonian symptoms and reduces the firing frequency of GPi neurons in the MPTP-treated monkey. Neurosci Lett, 215(1), 17–20.

Bosland, M. C. (1995). Is decapitation a humane method of euthanasia in rodents? A critical review. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 34(2), 46–48.

Bouyer, L. J., Whelan, P. J., Pearson, K. G., and Rossignol, S. (2001). Adaptive locomotor plasticity in chronic spinal cats after ankle extensors neurectomy. J Neurosci, 21(10), 3531–41.

Bradfield, J. F., Schachtman, T. R., McLaughlin, R. M., and Steffen, E. K. (1992). Behavioral and physiologic effects of inapparent wound infection in rats. Lab Anim Sci, 42(6), 572–78.

Brain, P. (1975). What does individual housing mean to a mouse? Life Sci, 16(2), 187–200.

Breazile, J. E. (1987). Physiologic basis and consequences of distress in animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 191(10), 1212–15.

Broadbent, J., Muccino, K. J., and Cunningham, C. L. (2002). Ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion in 15 inbred mouse strains. Behavioral Neuroscience, 116(1), 138–48.

Brown, J. R., Ye, H., Bronson, R. T., Dikkes, P., and Greenberg, M. E. (1996). A defect in nurturing in mice lacking the immediate early gene fosB. Cell, 86(2), 297–309.

Brown, J. S., and Cunningham, C. L. (1981). The paradox of persisting self-punitive behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 5(3), 343–54.

Brown, M. J. (1994). Aseptic surgery for rodents. S. M. Niemi, J. S. Venable, and H. N. Guttman (eds), Rodents and Rabbits: Current Research Issues. Bethesda, MD: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare.

Brown, R. E., Stanford, L., and Schellinck, H. M. (2000). Developing standardized behavioral tests for knockout and mutant mice. ILAR J, 41(3), 163–74.

Brownlow, B. S., Park, C. R., Schwartz, R. S., and Woods, S. C. (1993). Effect of meal pattern during food restriction on body weight loss and recovery after refeeding. Physiol Behav, 53(3), 421–24.

Bucci, T. J. (1992). Dietary restriction: Why all the interest? An overview. Lab Anim, 21, 29–34.

Burnett, A. L., Calvin, D. C., Chamness, S. L., Liu, J. X., Nelson, R. J., Klein, S. L., Dawson, V. L., Dawson, T. M., and Snyder, S. H. (1997). Urinary bladder-urethral sphincter dysfunction in mice with targeted disruption of neuronal nitric oxide synthase models idiopathic voiding disorders in humans. Nat Med, 3(5), 571–74.

Burton, E. A., Fink, D. J., and Glorioso, J. C. (2002). Gene delivery using herpes simplex virus vectors. DNA Cell Biol, 21(12), 915–36.

Bush, M., Custer, R., Smeller, J., and Bush, L. M. (1977). Physiologic measures of nonhuman primates during physical restraint and chemical immobilization. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 171(9), 866–69.

Bushnell, P. J., Moser, V. C., MacPhail, R. C., Oshiro, W. M., Derr-Yellin, E. C., Phillips, P. M., and Kodavanti, P. R. (2002). Neurobehavioral assessments of rats perinatally exposed to a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls. Toxicol Sci, 68(1), 109–20.

Bushnell, P. J., Padilla, S. S., Ward, T., Pope, C. N., and Olszyk, V. B. (1991). Behavioral and neurochemical changes in rats dosed repeatedly with diisopropylfluorophosphate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 256(2), 741–50.

Cabib, S., Orsini, C., Le Moal, M., and Piazza, P. V. (2000). Abolition and reversal of strain differences in behavioral responses to drugs of abuse after a brief experience. Science, 289(5478), 463–65.

Carlisle, H. J., and Stock, M. J. (1993). Thermoregulatory effects of beta adrenoceptors: Effects of selective agonists and the interaction of antagonists with isoproterenol and brl-35135 in the cold. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 266(3), 1446–53.

Carlstead, K., and Shepherdson, D. (2000). Alleviating stress in zoo animals with environmental enrichment. G. P. Moberg, and J. A. Mench (eds), The Biology of Animal Stress: Basic Principles and Implications for Animal Welfare. Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.: CAB International.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Carpenter, D. O., Hussain, R. J., Berger, D. F., Lombardo, J. P., and Park, H. Y. (2002). Electrophysiologic and behavioral effects of perinatal and acute exposure of rats to lead and polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ Health Perspect, 110(Suppl 3), 377–86.

Carroll, M. E., Krattiger, K. L., Gieske, D., and Sadoff, D. A. (1990). Cocaine-base smoking in rhesus monkeys: Reinforcing and physiological effects. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 102(4), 443–50.

Carstens, E., and Moberg, G. P. (2000). Recognizing pain and distress in laboratory animals. ILAR J, 41(2), 62–71.

Cases, O., Self, I., Grimsby, J., Gaspar, P., Chen, K., Pournin, S., Muller, U., Aguet, M., Babinet, C., Shih, J. C., and De Maeyer, E. (1995). Aggressive behavior and altered amounts of brain serotonin and norepinephrine in mice lacking MAOA. Science, 268(5218), 1763–66.

CDC-NIH (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-National Institutes of Health). (1999). Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (Report No. 93-8395). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Chacko, D. M., Das, A. V., Zhao, X., James, J., Bhattacharya, S., and Ahmad, I. (2003). Transplantation of ocular stem cells: The role of injury in incorporation and differentiation of grafted cells in the retina. Vision Res, 43(8), 937–46.

Chatham, J. C., and Blackband, S. J. (2001). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging in animal research. ILAR J, 42(3), 189–208.

Chen, C., Rainnie, D. G., Greene, R. W., and Tonegawa, S. (1994). Abnormal fear response and aggressive behavior in mutant mice deficient for alpha-calcium-calmodulin kinase II. Science, 266(5183), 291–94.

Cheng, M. Y., Bullock, C. M., Li, C., Lee, A. G., Bermak, J. C., Belluzzi, J., Weaver, D. R., Leslie, F. M., and Zhou, Q. Y. (2002). Prokineticin 2 transmits the behavioural circadian rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Nature, 417(6887), 405–10.

Cherry, S. R., and Gambhir, S. S. (2001). Use of positron emission tomography in animal research. ILAR J, 42(3), 219–32.

Chiavegatto, S., Sun, J., Nelson, R. J., and Schnaar, R. L. (2000). A functional role for complex gangliosides: Motor deficits in GM2/GD2 synthase knockout mice. Exp Neurol, 166(2), 227–34.

Classen, V. (1994a). Food and water intake. J. P. Houston (ed), Neglected Factors in Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences (Vol. 12). New York: Elsevier Science, Inc.

Classen, V. (1994b). Food restriction. J. P. Houston (ed), Neglected Factors in Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences (Vol. 12). New York: Elsevier Science, Inc.

Clavelou, P., Dallel, R., Orliaguet, T., Woda, A., and Raboisson, P. (1995). The orofacial formalin test in rats: Effects of different formalin concentrations. Pain, 62(3), 295–301.

Close, B., Banister, K., Baumans, V., Bernoth, E. M., Bromage, N., Bunyan, J., Erhardt, W., Flecknell, P., Gregory, N., Hackbarth, H., Morton, D., and Warwick, C. (1996). Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals. Lab Anim, 30(4), 293–316.

Coderre, T. J., Katz, J., Vaccarino, A. L., and Melzack, R. (1993). Contribution of central neuroplasticity to pathological pain: Review of clinical and experimental evidence. Pain, 52(3), 259– 85.

Coelho, A. M. Jr, and Carey, K. D. (1990). A social tethering system for nonhuman primates used in laboratory research. Lab Anim Sci, 40(4), 388–94.

Coenen, A. M., Drinkenburg, W. H., Hoenderken, R., and van Luijtelaar, E. L. (1995). Carbon dioxide euthanasia in rats: Oxygen supplementation minimizes signs of agitation and asphyxia. Lab Anim, 29(3), 262–68.

Cohen, H. B., and Dement, W. C. (1965). Sleep: Changes in threshold to electroconvulsive shock in rats after deprivation of “paradoxical” phase. Science, 150(701), 1318–19.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Cohen, J. I., Davenport, D. S., Stewart, J. A., Deitchman, S., Hilliard, J. K., and Chapman, L. E. (2002). Recommendations for prevention of and therapy for exposure to B virus (cercopithecine herpesvirus 1). Clin Infect Dis, 35(10), 1191–1203.

Collier, G. (1989). The economics of hunger, thirst, satiety, and regulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 575, 136–56.

Collier, G., Hirsch, E., and Hamlin, P. H. (1972). The ecological determinants of reinforcement in the rat. Physiol Behav, 9(5), 705–16.

Collier, G., and Levitsky, D. (1967). Defense of water balance in rats: Behavioral and physiological responses to depletion. J Comp Physiol Psychol, 64(1), 59–67.

Colman, A. S., and Miller, J. H. (2001). Modulation of breathing by mu1 and mu2 opioid receptor stimulation in neonatal and adult rats. Respir Physiol, 127(2–3), 157–72.

Cook, C. J., Mellor, D. J., Harris, P. J., Ingram, J. R., and Matthews, L. R. (2000). Hands-on and hands-off measurement of stress. G. P. Moberg, and J. A. Mench (eds), The Biology of Animal Stress: Basic Principles and Implications for Animal Welfare. Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.: CAB International.

Cotman, C. W., and Berchtold, N. C. (2002). Exercise: A behavioral intervention to enhance brain health and plasticity. Trends Neurosci, 25(6), 295–301.

Crabbe, J. C., Phillips, T. J., Buck, K. J., Cunningham, C. L., and Belknap, J. K. (1999a). Identifying genes for alcohol and drug sensitivity: Recent progress and future directions. Trends Neurosci, 22(4), 173–79.

Crabbe, J. C., Wahlsten, D., and Dudek, B. C. (1999b). Genetics of mouse behavior: Interactions with laboratory environment. Science, 284(5420), 1670–72.

Crawley, J. N. (1981). Neuropharmacologic specificity of a simple animal model for the behavioral actions of benzodiazepines. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 15(5), 695–99.

Crawley, J. N. (1999). Behavioral phenotyping of transgenic and knockout mice: Experimental design and evaluation of general health, sensory functions, motor abilities, and specific behavioral tests. Brain Res, 835(1), 18–26.

Crawley, J. N. (2000). What’s Wrong with My Mouse? New York: Wiley.

Cristiano, R. J. (2002). Protein/DNA polyplexes for gene therapy. Surg Oncol Clin N Am, 11(3), 697–716.

Crofton, K. M. (1992). Reflex modification and the assessment of sensory dysfunction. H. Tilson, and C. Mitchell (eds), Neurotoxicology (pp. 181–211). New York: Raven Press.

Cross, H. A., and Harlow, H. F. (1965). Prolonged and progressive effects of partial isolation on the behavior of macaque monkeys. J Exp Res Pers, 1, 39–49.

Cryan, J. F., Page, M. E., and Lucki, I. (2002). Noradrenergic lesions differentially alter the antidepressant-like effects of reboxetine in a modified forced swim test. Eur J Pharmacol, 436(3), 197–205.

Cunliffe-Beamer, T. L. (1983). Biomethodology and surgical techniques. H. L. Foster, J. D. Small, and J. G. Fox (eds), Normative Biology, Immunology and Husbandry (Vol. III). New York: Academic Press.

Cunliffe-Beamer, T. L. (1990). Surgical techniques. H. N. Guttman (ed), Guidelines for the Well-being of Rodents in Research. Bethesda, MD: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare.

Cunliffe-Beamer, T. L. (1993). Applying principles of aseptic surgery to rodents. AWIC Newsl, 4(2), 3–6.

Cunningham, C. L., and Niehus, J. S. (1997). Flavor preference conditioning by oral self-administration of ethanol. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 134(3), 293–302.

Cunningham, C. L., Niehus, J. S., and Noble, D. (1993). Species difference in sensitivity to ethanol’s hedonic effects. Alcohol, 10(2), 97–102.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Danneman, P. J., and Mandrell, T. D. (1997). Evaluation of five agents/methods for anesthesia of neonatal rats. Lab Anim Sci, 47(4), 386–95.

Danneman, P. J., Stein, S., and Walshaw, S. O. (1997). Humane and practical implications of using carbon dioxide mixed with oxygen for anesthesia or euthanasia of rats. Lab Anim Sci, 47(4), 376–85.

de Almeida, R. M., and Miczek, K. A. (2002). Aggression escalated by social instigation or by discontinuation of reinforcement (“frustration”) in mice: Inhibition by anpirtoline: A 5- HT1B receptor agonist. Neuropsychopharmacology, 27(2), 171–81.

Delaney, S. M., and Geiger, J. D. (1996). Brain regional levels of adenosine and adenosine nucleotides in rats killed by high-energy focused microwave irradiation. J Neurosci Methods, 64(2), 151–56.

Dell, R. B., Holleran, S., and Ramakrishnan, R. (2002). Sample size determination. ILAR J, 43(4), 207–13.

Dennis, M. B. Jr. (2000). Humane endpoints for genetically engineered animal models. ILAR J, 41(2), 94–98.

Derr, R. F. (1991). Pain perception in decapitated rat brain. Life Sci, 49(19), 1399–1402.

Deyo, D. J. (1991). Guide to Laboratory Animal Anesthesia. Richmond, VA: Virginia Commonwealth University.

DiBartola, S. P. (2000). Fluid Therapy in Small Animal Practice (2nd ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Dilber, M. S., and Gahrton, G. (2001). Suicide gene therapy: Possible applications in haematopoietic disorders. J Intern Med, 249(4), 359–67.

Dohrmann, G. J., Panjabi, M. M., and Banks, D. (1978). Biomechanics of experimental spinal cord trauma. J Neurosurg , 48(6), 993–1001.

Domjan, M. (1998). The Principles of Learning and Behavior (4th ed). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/ Cole Publishing Company.

Donsante, A., Vogler, C., Muzyczka, N., Crawford, J. M., Barker, J., Flotte, T., Campbell-Thompson, M., Daly, T., and Sands, M. S. (2001). Observed incidence of tumorigenesis in long-term rodent studies of rAAV vectors. Gene Ther, 8(17), 1343–46.

Drummond, J. C., Scheller, M. S., and Todd, M. M. (1987). The effect of nitrous oxide on cortical cerebral blood flow during anesthesia with halothane and isoflurane, with and without morphine, in the rabbit. Anesth Analg, 66(11), 1083–89.

Dubner, R. (1987). Research on pain mechanisms in animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 191(10), 1273–76.

Dubner, R., and Ren, K. (1999). Endogenous mechanisms of sensory modulation. Pain, Suppl 6, S45–53.

Dubuisson, D., and Dennis, S. G. (1977). The formalin test: A quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats. Pain, 4(2), 161– 74.


Egglestone, P. A., and Wood, R. A. (1992). Management of allergies to animals. Allergy Proc, 13(6), 289–92.

Ellwood, R. E. (1991). Ethical implications of studies on infanticide and maternal aggression in rodents. Anim Behav, 42, 841–49.

Evans, H. L. (1990). Nonhuman primates in behavioral toxicology: Issues of validity, ethics and public health. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 12(5), 531–36.

Evans, H. L. (1994). Neurotoxicity expressed in naturally occurring behavior. B. Weiss, and J. O’Donoghe (eds), Neurobehavioral Toxicity: Analysis and Interpretation. New York: Raven Press.

Evans, H. L., Bushnell, P. J., Taylor, J. D., Monico, A., Teal, J. J., and Pontecorvo, M. J. (1986). A system for assessing toxicity of chemicals by continuous monitoring of homecage behaviors. Fundam Appl Toxicol, 6(4), 721–32.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Evans, H. L., Taylor, J. D., Ernst, J., and Graefe, J. F. (1989). Methods to evaluate the wellbeing of laboratory primates: Comparisons of macaques and tamarins. Lab Anim Sci, 39(4), 318–23.

Everson, C. A. (1995). Functional consequences of sustained sleep deprivation in the rat. Behav Brain Res, 69(1-2), 43–54.

Everson, C. A. (1997). Clinical manifestations of prolonged sleep deprivation. W. J. Schwartz (ed), Sleep Science: Integrating Basic Research and Clinical Practice (Vol. 15). Basel: S. Karger Publishing.

Everson, C. A., Gilliland, M. A., Kushida, C. A., Pilcher, J. J., Fang, V. S., Refetoff, S., Bergmann, B. M., and Rechtschaffen, A. (1989). Sleep deprivation in the rat: IX. Recovery. Sleep, 12(1), 60–67.

Everson, C. A., and Toth, L. A. (2000). Systemic bacterial invasion induced by sleep deprivation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 278(4), R905–16.

Fanselow, M. S., and Cramer, C. P. (1988). The ontogeny of opiate tolerance and withdrawal in infant rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 31(2), 431–38.

FBR (Foundation for Biomedical Research). (1987). Surgery: Protecting your animals and your study. The Biomedical Investigator’s Handbook for Researchers Using Animal Models. Washington, DC: Foundation for Biomedical Research.

Fechter, L. D. (1995). Combined effects of noise and chemicals. Occup Med, 10(3), 609–21.

Fetter, M., Zee, D. S., and Proctor, L. R. (1988). Effect of lack of vision and of occipital lobectomy upon recovery from unilateral labyrinthectomy in rhesus monkey. J Neurophysiol, 59(2), 394– 407.

Finn, D. A., Bejanian, M., Jones, B. L., Syapin, P. J., and Alkana, R. L. (1989). Temperature affects ethanol lethality in C57BL/6, 129, LS and SS mice. Pharmacol, Biochem Behav, 34(2), 375– 80.

Fish, E. W., DeBold, J. F., and Miczek, K. A. (2002). Repeated alcohol: Behavioral sensitization and alcohol-heightened aggression in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 160(1), 39–48.

Fitts, D. A., and St Dennis, C. (1981). Ethanol and dextrose preferences in hamsters. J Stud Alcohol, 42(11), 901–907.

Fitzgerald, M., and Beggs, S. (2001). The neurobiology of pain: Developmental aspects. Neuroscientist, 7(3), 246–57.

Fitzsimons, J. T. (1998). Angiotensin, thirst, and sodium appetite. Physiol Rev, 78(3), 583–686.

Flecknell, P., and Silverman, J. (2000). Pain and distress. J. Silverman, M. A. Suckow, and S. Murthy (eds), The IACUC Handbook. New York: CRC Press.

Flecknell, P. A. (1987). Laboratory Animal Anesthesia: An Introduction for Research Workers and Technicians. London: Academic Press.

Flecknell, P. A. (1996). Laboratory Animal Anesthesia (2nd ed). London: Academic Press.

Flecknell, P. A. (1997). Medetomidine and antipamezole: Potential uses in laboratory animals. Lab Anim, 26, 21–25.

Fleischman, A. R., and Chez, R. A. (1974). A chair for the chronic study of the pregnant baboon. J Med Primatol, 3(4), 259–64.

Fleiss, J. L. (1981). Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions (2nd ed). New York: Wiley.

Fortier, L. P., Robitaille, R., and Donati, F. (2001). Increased sensitivity to depolarization and nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents in young rat hemidiaphragms. Anesthesiology, 95(2), 478–84.

Fox, M. (1968). Veterinary ethology. M. Fox (ed), Abnormal Behavior in Animals. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company.

Frank, M. G., Morrissette, R., and Heller, H. C. (1998). Effects of sleep deprivation in neonatal rats. Am J Physiol, 275(1 Pt 2), R148–57.

Fredelius, L. (1988). Time sequence of degeneration pattern of the organ of Corti after acoustic overstimulation: A transmission electron microscopy study. Acta Otolaryngol, 106(5–6), 373– 85.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Fuchs, A. F., and Robinson, D. A. (1966). A method for measuring horizontal and vertical eye movement chronically in the monkey. J Appl Physiol, 21(3), 1068–70.

Fudala, P. J., and Iwamoto, E. T. (1990). Conditioned aversion after delay place conditioning with amphetamine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 35(1), 89-92.

Fujinaga, M., Doone, R., Davies, M. F., and Maze, M. (2000). Nitrous oxide lacks the antinociceptive effect on the tail flick test in newborn rats. Anesth Analg, 91(1), 6–10.

Galli-Taliadoros, L. A., Sedgwick, J. D., Wood, S. A., and Korner, H. (1995). Gene knock-out technology: A methodological overview for the interested novice. J Immunol Methods, 181(1), 1–15.

Gardiner, T. W., and Toth, L. A. (1999). Stereotactic surgery and long-term maintenance of cranial implants in research animals. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 38(1), 56–63.

Gartner, K., Buttner, D., Dohler, K., Friedel, R., Lindena, J., and Trautschold, I. (1980). Stress response of rats to handling and experimental procedures. Lab Anim, 14(3), 267–74.

Gerlai, R. (1996). Gene-targeting studies of mammalian behavior: Is it the mutation or the background genotype? Trends Neurosci, 19(5), 177–81.

Gibbs, N. M., Larach, D. R., and Schuler, H. G. (1989). The effect of neuromuscular blockade with vecuronium on hemodynamic responses to noxious stimuli in the rat. Anesthesiology, 71(2), 214–17.

Gittos, M. W., and Papp, M. (2001). Antidepressant-like action of AGN 2979, a tryptophan hydroxylase activation inhibitor, in a chronic mild stress model of depression in rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 11(5), 351–57.

Gluck, J. P., Harlow, H. F., and Schiltz, K. A. (1973). Differential effect of early enrichment and deprivation on learning in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). J Comp Physiol Psychol, 84, 598–604.

Goeders, N. E., and Smith, J. E. (1987). Intracranial self-administration methodologies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 11(3), 319–29.

Goldberg, S. R., and Stolerman, I. P. (1986). Behavioral Analysis of Drug Dependence. Orlando: Academic Press.

Golub, M. S. (1996). Labor analgesia and infant brain development. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 55(4), 619–28.

Goode, T. L., and Klein, H. J. (2002). Miniaturization: An overview of biotechnologies for monitoring the physiology and pathophysiology of rodent animal models. Ilar J, 43(3), 136–46.

Gordon, C. J., Becker, P., and Ali, J. S. (1998). Behavioral thermoregulatory responses of single- and group-housed mice. Physiol Behav, 65(2), 255–62.

Gordon, C. J., Fogelson, L., and Highfill, J. W. (1990). Hypothermia and hypometabolism: Sensitive indices of whole-body toxicity following exposure to metallic salts in the mouse. J Toxicol Environ Health, 29(2), 185–200.

Gordon, S. M., Brahim, J. S., Dubner, R., McCullagh, L. M., Sang, C., and Dionne, R. A. (2002). Attenuation of pain in a randomized trial by suppression of peripheral nociceptive activity in the immediate postoperative period. Anesth Analg, 95(5), 1351–57.

Grahame, N. J., and Cunningham, C. L. (1995). Genetic differences in intravenous cocaine self-administration between C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice. Psychopharmacology, 122(3), 281–91.

Grandy, J. L., and Dunlop, C. I. (1991). Anesthesia of pups and kittens. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 198(7), 1244–49.

Greer, J. J., Carter, J. E., and al-Zubaidy, Z. (1995). Opioid depression of respiration in neonatal rats. J Physiol, 485(3), 845–55.

Griebel, G., Simiand, J., Steinberg, R., Jung, M., Gully, D., Roger, P., Geslin, M., Scatton, B., Maffrand, J. P., and Soubrie, P. (2002). 4-(2-Chloro–4-methoxy–5-methylphenyl)-N-[(1S)–2-cyclopropyl–1-(3-fluoro- 4-methylphenyl)ethyl]5-methyl-N-(2-propynyl)–1, 3-thiazol–2-amine hydrochloride (SSR-125543A), a potent and selective corticotrophin- releasing factor(1) receptor antagonist. II. Characterization in rodent models of stress-related disorders. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 301(1), 333–45.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Habib, K. E., Weld, K. P., Rice, K. C., Pushkas, J., Champoux, M., Listwak, S., Webster, E. L., Atkinson, A. J., Schulkin, J., Contoreggi, C., Chrousos, G. P., McCann, S. M., Suomi, S. J., Higley, J. D., and Gold, P. W. (2000). Oral administration of a corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist significantly attenuates behavioral, neuroendocrine, and autonomic responses to stress in primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 97(11), 6079–84.

Hackbarth, H., Kuppers, N., and Bohnet, W. (2000). Euthanasia of rats with carbon dioxide—animal welfare aspects. Lab Anim, 34(1), 91–96.

Hamernik, R. P., and Qiu, W. (2001). Energy-independent factors influencing noise-induced hearing loss in the chinchilla model. J Acoust Soc Am, 110(6), 3163–68.

Hamilton, L. (1991). Animal Welfare Policy. Congr Rec, 137, E1295.

Hargreaves, K., Dubner, R., Brown, F., Flores, C., and Joris, J. (1988). A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia. Pain, 32(1), 77–88.

Harker, K. T., and Whishaw, I. Q. (2002). Impaired spatial performance in rats with retrosplenial lesions: Importance of the spatial problem and the rat strain in identifying lesion effects in a swimming pool. J Neurosci, 22(3), 1155–64.

Harlow, H. F., and Harlow, M. K. (1965). The affectional systems. A. M. Schrier, H. F. Harlow, and F. Stollnitz (eds), Behavior of Nonhuman Primates (Vol. 2, pp. 287–334). New York: Academic Press.

Harris, S., and Ford, S. M. (2000). Transgenic gene knock-outs: Functional genomics and therapeutic target selection. Pharmacogenomics, 1(4), 433–43.

Haskins, S. C., and Eisele, P. H. (1997). Postoperative support and intensive care. D. F. Kohn, S. K. Wixson, W. J. White, and G. J. Benson (eds), Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. San Diego: Academic Press.

Hawkins, P. (2002). Recognizing and assessing pain, suffering and distress in laboratory animals: A survey of current practice in the UK with recommendations . Lab Anim, 36(4), 378–95.

Hedenqvist, P., and Hellebrekers, L. J. (2003). Laboratory animal analgesia, anesthesia, and euthanasia. J. Hau, and G. L. Van Hoosier (eds), Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science: Essential Principles and Practices (2nd ed, Vol. 1, pp. 487–520). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Heiderstadt, K. M., McLaughlin, R. M., Wright, D. C., Walker, S. E., and Gomez-Sanchez, C. E. (2000). The effect of chronic food and water restriction on open-field behaviour and serum corticosterone levels in rats. Lab Anim, 34(1), 20–28.

Helmstetter, F. J., Calcagnetti, D. J., Cramer, C. P., and Fanselow, M. S. (1988). Ethylketocyclazocine and bremazocine analgesia in neonatal rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 30(4), 817–21.

Hengemihle, J. M., Long, J. M., Betkey, J., Jucker, M., and Ingram, D. K. (1999). Age-related psychomotor and spatial learning deficits in 129/SvJ mice. Neurobiol Aging, 20(1), 9–18.

Hewett, T. A., Kovacs, M. S., Artwohl, J. E., and Bennett, B. T. (1993). A comparison of euthanasia methods in rats, using carbon dioxide in prefilled and fixed flow rate filled chambers. Lab Anim Sci, 43(6), 579–82.

Hildebrand, S. V. (1997). Paralytic agents. D. F. Kohn, S. K. Wixson, W. J. White, and G. J. Benson (eds), Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Hillyer, E. V., and Quesenberry, K. E. (1997). Ferrets, Rabbits and Rodents—Clinical Medicine and Surgery. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Co.

Hoehn, M., Nicolay, K., Franke, C., and Van der Sanden, B. (2001). Application of magnetic resonance to animal models of cerebral Ischemia. J Magn Reson Imaging, 14(5), 491–509.

Hofer, M. A., and Shair, H. N. (1992). Ultrasonic vocalization by rat pups during recovery from deep hypothermia. Dev Psychobiol, 25(7), 511–28.

Holmes, A. (2001). Targeted gene mutation approaches to the study of anxiety-like behavior in mice. Neurosci Biobehavl Rev, 25(3), 261–73.

Holmes, G. P., L.E. Chapman, J.A. Stewart, S.E. Straus, J.K. Hilliard, and D.S. Davenport. (1995). Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of B-virus infections in exposed persons. The B virus Working Group. Clin. Infect. Dis., 20, 421–39.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Holson, R. R. (1992). Euthanasia by decapitation: Evidence that this technique produces prompt, painless unconsciousness in laboratory rodents. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 14(4), 253–57.

Holton, L. L., Scott, E. M., Nolan, A. M., Reid, J., Welsh, E., and Flaherty, D. (1998). Comparison of three methods used for assessment of pain in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 212(1), 61–66.

Horne, J. A. (1985). Sleep function, with particular reference to sleep deprivation. Ann Clin Res, 17(5), 199–208.

Hotz, M. M., Connolly, M. S., and Lynch, C. B. (1987). Adaptation to daily meal-timing and its effect on circadian temperature rhythms in two inbred strains of mice. Behav Genet, 17(1), 37–51.

Huang, Y. W., Richardson, J. A., Tong, A. W., Zhang, B. Q., Stone, M. J., and Vitetta, E. S. (1993). Disseminated growth of a human multiple myeloma cell line in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency disease. Cancer Res, 53(6), 1392–96.

Huang, Y. W., Richardson, J. A., and Vitetta, E. S. (1995). Anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) has antitumor activity in SCID mice with human myeloma cells. Cancer Res, 55(3), 610–16.

Hughes, J. E., Amyx, H., Howard, J. L., Nanry, K. P., and Pollard, G. T. (1994). Health effects of water restriction to motivate lever-pressing in rats. Lab Anim Sci, 44(2), 135–40.

Huntingford, F. A. (1984). Some ethical issues raised by studies of predation and aggression. Anim Behav, 32, 210–15.

Huntingford, F. A. (1992). Some ethical issues raised by studies of predation and aggression. M. S. Dawkins, and M. Gosling (eds), Ethics in Research in Animal Behaviour: Readings from Animal Behaviour. London: Academic Press.

Ikarashi, Y., Sasahara, T., and Maruyama, Y. (1985). Postmortem changes in catecholamines, indoleamines, and their metabolites in rat brain regions: Prevention with 10-kW microwave irradiation. J Neurochem, 45(3), 935–39.

Imamura, Y., Kawamoto, H., and Nakanishi, O. (1997). Characterization of heat-hyperalgesia in an experimental trigeminal neuropathy in rats. Exp Brain Res, 116(1), 97–103.

Inman-Wood, S. L., Williams, M. T., Morford, L. L., and Vorhees, C. V. (2000). Effects of prenatal cocaine on Morris and Barnes maze tests of spatial learning and memory in the offspring of C57BL/6J mice. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 22(4), 547-57.

IRAC (Interagency Research Animal Committee). (1985). US Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training. Washington, D.C.: Office of Science and Technology Policy.

Isacson, O., Bjorklund, L. M., and Schumacher, J. M. (2003). Toward full restoration of synaptic and terminal function of the dopaminergic system in Parkinson’s disease by stem cells. Ann Neurol, 53(3 Suppl 1), S135–48.

Iversen, I. H., and Lattal, K. A. (1991). Experimental Analysis of Behavior, Part 1 (Techniques in the Behavioral and Neurological Sciences No. 6). Amsterdam: Elsevier.


Jaffe, J. H. (1992). Current concepts of addiction. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis, 70, 1–21.

Jero, J., Coling, D. E., and Lalwani, A. K. (2001). The use of Preyer’s reflex in evaluation of hearing in mice. Acta Otolaryngol, 121(5), 585–89.

Jouvet, D., Vilmont, P., Delorme, F., and Jouvet, M. (1964). Etude de la privation selective de la phase paradoxale de somneil chez le chat. Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol., 158, 756–59.

Jung, S. C., Han, I. P., Limaye, A., Xu, R., Gelderman, M. P., Zerfas, P., Tirumalai, K., Murray, G. J., During, M. J., Brady, R. O., and Qasba, P. (2001). Adeno-associated viral vector-mediated gene transfer results in long-term enzymatic and functional correction in multiple organs of Fabry mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98(5), 2676–81.

Junghanss, C., and Marr, K. A. (2002). Infectious risks and outcomes after stem cell transplantation: Are nonmyeloablative transplants changing the picture? Curr Opin Infect Dis, 15(4), 347–53.


Kanal, E., Borgstede, J. P., Barkovich, A. J., Bell, C., Bradley, W. G., Felmlee, J. P., Froelich, J. W., Kaminski, E. M., Keeler, E. K., Lester, J. W., Scoumis, E. A., Zaremba, L. A., and Zinninger, M. D. (2002). American College of Radiology white paper on MR safety. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 178(6), 1335–47.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Kanter, G. S. (1953). Excretion and drinking after salt loading in dogs. Am J Physiol, 174, 87–94.

Kaplan, J. R., Manuck, S. B., Adams, M. R., Williams, J. K., Register, T. C., and Clarkson, T. B. (1993). Plaque changes and arterial enlargement in atherosclerotic monkeys after manipulation of diet and social environment. Arterioscler Thromb, 13(2), 254–63.

Kaplan, J. R., Manuck, S. B., Clarkson, T. B., Lusso, F. M., and Taub, D. M. (1982). Social status, environment, and atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys. Arteriosclerosis, 2(5), 359–68.

Karaplis, A. C., Luz, A., Glowacki, J., Bronson, R. T., Tybulewicz, V. L. J., Kronenberg, H. M., and Mulligan, R. C. (1994). Lethal skeletal dysplasia from targeted disruption of the parathyroid hormone-related peptide gene. Genes Dev 8(3), 277–89.

Karim, A., and Arslan, M. I. (2000). Isolation modifies the behavioural response in rats. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull, 26(1), 27–32.

Kasper, S., Tauscher, J., Willeit, M., Stamenkovic, M., Neumeister, A., Kufferle, B., Barnas, C., Stastny, J., Praschak-Rieder, N., Pezawas, L., de Zwaan, M., Quiner, S., Pirker, W., Asenbaum, S., Podreka, I., and Brucke, T. (2002). Receptor and transporter imaging studies in schizophrenia, depression, bulimia and Tourette’s disorder—implications for psychopharmacology. World J Biol Psychiat, 3(3), 133–46.

Kasten, T., Colliver, J. A., Montrey, R. D., and Dunaway, G. A. (1990). The effects of various anesthetics on tissue levels of fructose–2,6- bisphosphate in rats. Lab Anim Sci, 40(4), 399– 401.

Kavaliers, M., and Choleris, E. (2001). Antipredator responses and defensive behavior: Ecological and ethological approaches for the neurosciences. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 25(7–8), 577–86.

Kayser, V., and Guilbaud, G. (1987). Local and remote modifications of nociceptive sensitivity during carrageenin-induced inflammation in the rat. Pain, 28(1), 99–107.

Kelleher, R. T., and Morse, W. H. (1968). Schedules using noxious stimuli: III. Responding maintained with response produced electric shocks. J Exp Anal Behav, 11, 819–28.

Kerr, G. R. (1972). Nutritional requirements of subhuman primates. Physiol Rev, 52(2), 415–67.

Khan, T., Havey, R. M., Sayers, S. T., Patwardhan, A., and King, W. W. (1999). Animal models of spinal cord contusion injuries. Lab Anim Sci, 49(2), 161–72.

Kim, S. H., and Chung, J. M. (1992). An experimental model for peripheral neuropathy produced by segmental spinal nerve ligation in the rat. Pain, 50(3), 355–63.

King, D. L., and Arendash, G. W. (2002). Behavioral characterization of the Tg2576 transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease through 19 months. Physiol Behav, 75(5), 627-42.

Kirk, R. W., and Bistner, S. I. (1985). Emergency medicine and critical care: Fluid therapy. Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment (4th ed, pp. 591–623). Philadelphia, PA : W.B. Saunders.

Kirkpatric, L. A., and Feeney, B. C. (2000). A Simple Guide to SPSS for Windows: Versions 8, 9, and 10 (4th ed). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co.

Kitchen, H., Aronson, A., Bittle, J. L., McPherson, C. W., Morton, D. B., Pakes, S. P., Rollin, B., Rowan, A. N., Sechzer, J. A., Vanderlip, J. E., Will, J. A., Clark, A. S., and Gloyd, J. S. (1987). Panel report on the colloquium on recognition and alleviation of animal pain and distress. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 191(10), 1186–91.

Klein, L. (1987). Neuromuscular blocking agents. C. E. Short (ed), Principles and Practice of Veterinary Anesthesia. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins.

Knecht, C. C. B., Allen, A. R., Williams, D. J., and Johnson, J. H. (1987). Operating room conduct. C. B. B. Knecht, D. J. Williams, A. R. Allen, and J. H. Johnson (eds), Fundamental Techniques in Veterinary Surgery (3rd ed). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.

Kohn, D. F., Wixson, S. K., White, W. J., and Benson, G. J. (1997). Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. New York: Academic Press.

Koob, G. F., and Le Moal, M. (2001). Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis. Neuropsychopharmacology, 24(2), 97–129.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Koren, L., Mokady, O., Karaskov, T., Klein, J., Koren, G., and Geffen, E. (2002). A novel method using hair for determining hormonal levels in wildlife. Anim Behav, 63, 403–406.

Krarup, A., Chattopadhyay, P., Bhattacharjee, A. K., Burge, J. R., and Ruble, G. R. (1999). Evaluation of surrogate markers of impending death in the galactosamine- sensitized murine model of bacterial endotoxemia. Lab Anim Sci, 49(5), 545–50.

Kreger, M. D. (1995). Training Materials for Animal Facility Personnel: AWIC Quick Bibliography Series, 95-08. Beltsville, MD: National Agricultural Library.

Kritchevsky, M., and Squire, L. R. (1989). Transient global amnesia: Evidence for extensive, temporally graded retrograde amnesia. Neurology, 39(2 Pt 1), 213–18.

Kulig, B., Alleva, E., Bignami, G., Cohn, J., Cory-Slechta, D., Landa, V., O’Donoghue, J., and Peakall, D. (1996). Animal behavioral methods in neurotoxicity assessment: SGOMSEC joint report. Environ Health Perspect, 104 Suppl 2, 193–204.

Ladewig, J. (2000). Chronic intermittent stress: A model for the study of long-term stressors. G. P. Moberg, and J. A. Mench (eds), The Biology of Animal Stress: Basic Principles and Implications for Animal Welfare. Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.: CAB International.

Lai, C. M., Lai, Y. K., and Rakoczy, P. E. (2002). Adenovirus and adeno-associated virus vectors. DNA Cell Biol, 21(12), 895–913.

Lariviere, W. R., Chesler, E. J., and Mogil, J. S. (2001). Transgenic studies of pain and analgesia: Mutation or background genotype? J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 297(2), 467–73.

Laties, V. G. (1987). Control of animal pain and distress in behavioral studies that use food deprivation or aversive stimulation. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 191(10), 1290–91.

Lau, C. E., Sun, L., Wang, Q., Simpao, A., and Falk, J. L. (2000). Oral cocaine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in a cumulative-dose regimen: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of concurrent operant and spontaneous behavior within an operant context. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 295(2), 634–43.

Le Belle, J. E., and Svendsen, C. N. (2002). Stem cells for neurodegenerative disorders: Where can we go from here? BioDrugs, 16(6), 389–401.

Le Mouellic, H., Lallemand, Y., and Brulet, P. (1990). Targeted replacement of the homeobox gene Hox–3.1 by the Escherichia coli lacZ in mouse chimeric embryos. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 87(12), 4712–16.

Le Pen, G., and Moreau, J. L. (2002). Disruption of prepulse inhibition of startle reflex in a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia. Reversal by clozapine, olanzapine and risperidone but not by haloperidol. Neuropsychopharmacology, 27(1), 1–11.

Leach, M. C., Bowell, V. A., Allan, T. F., and Morton, D. B. (2002). Aversion to gaseous euthanasia agents in rats and mice. Comp Med, 52(3), 249–57.

Lein, E. S., and Shatz, C. J. (2000). Rapid regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA within eye- specific circuits during ocular dominance column formation. J Neurosci, 20(4), 1470–83.

Lemon, R. (1984a). Implantation techniques for chronic recording. Methods for Neuronal Recording in Conscious Animals (pp. 51–70). New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Lemon, R. (1984b). Methods for Neuronal Recording in Conscious Animals. Chichester: Wiley.

Lemon, R. (1984c). Preparation and training of animals for chronic recording. Methods for Neuronal Recording in Conscious Animals (pp. 43–49). New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Lessenich, A., Lindemann, S., Richter, A., Hedrich, H. J., Wedekind, D., Kaiser, A., and Loscher, W. (2001). A novel black-hooded mutant rat (ci3) with spontaneous circling behavior but normal auditory and vestibular functions. Neuroscience, 107(4), 615–28.

Levanduski, S., Bayne, K., and Dexter, S. (1992). Use of behavioral observations in the detection of diabetes mellitus. Lab Primate Newsl, 31(1), 14–15.

Levin, S., Semler, D., and Ruben, Z. (1993). Effects of two weeks of feed restriction on some common toxicologic parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Pathol, 21(1), 1–14.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Lima, F. B., Hell, N. S., Timo-Iaria, C., Scivoletto, R., Dolnikoff, M. S., and Pupo, A. A. (1981). Metabolic consequences of food restriction in rats. Physiol Behav, 27(1), 115–23.

Line, S. W., Morgan, K. N., Markowitz, H., and Strong, S. (1989). Heart rate activity of rhesus monkeys in response to routine events. Lab Primate Newsl, 28(2), 9–12.

Lipman, N. S., Marini, R. P., and Flecknell, P. A. (1997). Anesthesia and analgesia in rabbits. D. F. Kohn, S. K. Wixson, W. J. White, and G. J. Benson (eds), Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Lister, R. G. (1987). The use of a plus-maze to measure anxiety in the mouse. Psychopharmacology, 92(2), 180–85.

Liu, X., and Weiss, F. (2002). Reversal of ethanol-seeking behavior by D1 and D2 antagonists in an animal model of relapse: Differences in antagonist potency in previously ethanol-dependent versus nondependent rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 300(3), 882–89.

Loeb, G. E., and Gans, C. (1986). Electromyography for Experimentalists. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Lomber, S. G. (1999). The advantages and limitations of permanent or reversible deactivation techniques in the assessment of neural function. J Neurosci Methods, 86(2), 109–17.

Lu, Q. L., Bou-Gharios, G., and Partridge, T. A. (2003). Non-viral gene delivery in skeletal muscle: A protein factory. Gene Ther, 10(2), 131–42.

Luft, J., and Bode, G. (2002). Integration of safety pharmacology endpoints into toxicology studies. Fundam Clin Pharmacol, 16(2), 91–103.

Lukas, S. E., Griffiths, R. R., Bradford, L. D., Brady, J. V., and Daley, L. (1982). A tethering system for intravenous and intragastric drug administration in the baboon. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 17(4), 823–29.

Lukas, S. E., and Moreton, J. E. (1979). A technique for chronic intragastric drug administration in the rat. Life Sci, 25(7), 593–600.

Luks, A. M., Zwass, M. S., Brown, R. C., Lau, M., Chari, G., and Fisher, D. M. (1998a). Opioid-induced analgesia in neonatal dogs: Pharmacodynamic differences between morphine and fentanyl. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 284(1), 136–41.

Luks, F. I., Johnson, B. D., Papadakis, K., Traore, M., and Piasecki, G. J. (1998b). Predictive value of monitoring parameters in fetal surgery. J Pediatr Surg, 33(8), 1297–1301.

Magnusson, J. E., and Vaccarino, A. L. (1996). Reduction of autotomy following peripheral neurectomy by a single injection of bupivacaine into the cingulum bundle of rats. Brain Res, 723(1-2), 214–17.

Mahieu-Caputo, D., Dommergues, M., Muller, F., and Dumez, Y. (2000). Fetal pain. Presse Med, 29(12), 663–69.

Malmberg, A. B., Chen, C., Tonegawa, S., and Basbaum, A. I. (1997). Preserved acute pain and reduced neuropathic pain in mice lacking PKCgamma. Science, 278(5336), 279–83.

Manuck, S. B., Kaplan, J. R., and Clarkson, T. B. (1983a). Behaviorally induced heart rate reactivity and atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys. Psychosom Med, 45(2), 95–108.

Manuck, S. B., Kaplan, J. R., and Clarkson, T. B. (1983b). Social instability and coronary artery atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 7(4), 485–91.

Marsh, D., Dickenson, A., Hatch, D., and Fitzgerald, M. (1999). Epidural opioid analgesia in infant rats II: Responses to carrageenan and capsaicin. Pain, 82(1), 33–38.

Mason, D. E., and Brown, M. J. (1997). Monitoring of anesthesia. D. F. Kohn, S. K. Wixson, W. J. White, and G. J. Benson (eds), Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. San Diego: Academic Press.

Mason, W. A. (1961). The effect of social restriction on the behavior of rhesus monkeys: II. Tests of gregariousness. J Comp Physiol Psychol, 54, 287–90.

Mason, W. A. (1968). Early social deprivation in the nohuman primates: Implication for human behavior. D. C. Glass (ed), Environmental Influences. New York: Rockefeller University and Russell Sage.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Mathias, R. (1996). The Basics of Brain Imaging. NIDA Notes, 11(5).

Mayne, M., Shepel, P. N., and Geiger, J. D. (1999). Recovery of high-integrity mRNA from brains of rats killed by high-energy focused microwave irradiation. Brain Res Brain Res Protoc, 4(3), 295–302.

McClearn, G. E., and Vandenbergh, D. J. (2000). Structures and limits of animal models: Examples from alcohol research. ILAR J, 41(3), 144–52.

McCurnin, D. M., and Jones, R. L. (1985). Principles of surgical asepsis. D. J. Slatter (ed), Textbook of Small Animal Surgery (Vol. 1). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.

McLaughlin, C. R., and Dewey, W. L. (1994). A comparison of the antinociceptive effects of opioid agonists in neonatal and adult rats in phasic and tonic nociceptive tests. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 49(4), 1017–23.

McLaughlin, C. R., Lichtman, A. H., Fanselow, M. S., and Cramer, C. P. (1990). Tonic nociception in neonatal rats. Pharmacol, Biochem Behav, 36(4), 859–62.

McLay, R. N., Freeman, S. M., and Zadina, J. E. (1998). Chronic corticosterone impairs memory performance in the Barnes maze . Physiol Behav, 63(5), 933-7.

Mechan, A. O., O’Shea, E., Elliott, J. M., Colado, M. I., and Green, A. R. (2001). A neurotoxic dose of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) to rats results in a long-term defect in thermoregulation. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 155(4), 413–18.

Meisch, R. A., and Lemaire, G. A. (1993). Drug self-administration. F. van Haaren (ed), Methods in Behavioral Pharmacology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Mench, J. A. (1998). Why it is important to understand animal behavior. ILAR J, 19, 20–26.

Mench, J. A., and Shea-Moore, M. (1995). Moods, minds, and molecules: The neurochemistry of social behavior. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 44, 99–118.

Merigan, W. H., Barkdoll, E., and Maurissen, J. P. (1982). Acrylamide-induced visual impairment in primates. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 62(2), 342–45.

Mersky, H. (1979). Pain terms: A list with definitions and notes on usage. Pain, 6, 249–50.

Metten, P., and Crabbe, J. C. (1996). Dependence and withdrawal. R. A. Deitrich, and V. G. Erwin (eds), Pharmacological Effects of Ethanol on the Nervous System. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Miczek, K. A. (1974). Intraspecies aggression in rats: Effects of d-amphetamine and chlordiazepoxide. Psychopharmacologia, 39(4), 275–301.

Mikeska, J. A., and Klemm, W. R. (1975). EEG evaluation of humaneness of asphyxia and decapitation euthanasia of the laboratory rat. Lab Anim Sci, 25(2), 175–79.

Mills, C. D., Grady, J. J., and Hulsebosch, C. E. (2001). Changes in exploratory behavior as a measure of chronic central pain following spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma, 18(10), 1091– 1105.

Mills, C. D., Robertson, C. S., Contant, C. F., and Henley, C. M. (1997). Effects of anesthesia on polyamine metabolism and water content in the rat brain. J Neurotrauma, 14(12), 943–49.

Mistlberger, R., Bergmann, B., and Rechtschaffen, A. (1987). Period-amplitude analysis of rat electroencephalogram: Effects of sleep deprivation and exercise. Sleep, 10(6), 508–22.

Moberg, G. P. (1999). When does stress become distress. Lab Anim, 28, 422–26.

Moberg, G. P., and Mench, J. A. (2000). The Biology of Animal Stress: Basic Principles and Implications for Animal Welfare. Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.: CAB International.

Moon, P. F., Erb, H. N., Ludders, J. W., Gleed, R. D., and Pascoe, P. J. (2000). Perioperative risk factors for puppies delivered by cesarean section in the United States and Canada. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 36(4), 359–68.

Morris, R., Nosten-Bertrand, M., Dawson, T. M., Nelson, R. J., and Snyder, S. (1996). NOS and aggression. Trends Neurosci, 19(7), 277–78.

Morris, R. G. M. (1981). Spatial localization does not require the presence of local cues. Learning and Motivation, 12, 239-60.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Morrow, N. S., Schall, M., Grijalva, C. V., Geiselman, P. J., Garrick, T., Nuccion, S., and Novin, D. (1997). Body temperature and wheel running predict survival times in rats exposed to activity-stress. Physiol Behav, 62(4), 815–25.

Morton, D. B. (2000). A systematic approach for establishing humane endpoints. ILAR J, 41(2), 80–86.

Morton, D. B., and Griffiths, P. H. (1985). Guidelines on the recognition of pain, distress and discomfort in experimental animals and an hypothesis for assessment. Vet Rec, 116(16), 431–36.

Moser, V. C. (2000a). The functional observational battery in adult and developing rats. Neurotoxicology, 21(6), 989–96.

Moser, V. C. (2000b). Observational batteries in neurotoxicity testing. Int J Toxicol, 19, 407–11.

Mountcastle, V. B. (1980). Medical Physiology. St. Louis: CV Mosby Co.

Mower, G. D., and Christen, W. G. (1985). Role of visual experience in activating critical period in cat visual cortex. J Neurophysiol, 53(2), 572–89.

Murray, M., Kim, D., Liu, Y., Tobias, C., Tessler, A., and Fischer, I. (2002). Transplantation of genetically modified cells contributes to repair and recovery from spinal injury. Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 40(1–3), 292–300.

Naitoh, P., Kelly, T. L., and Englund, C. (1990). Health effects of sleep deprivation. Occup Med, 5(2), 209–37.

Narayanan, C. H., Fox, M. W., and Hamburger, V. (1971). Prenatal development of spontaneous and evoked activity in the rat (Rattus norvegicus albinus). Behaviour, 40(1), 100–134.

Nastiti, K., Benton, D., Brain, P. F., and Haug, M. (1991). The effects of 5-HT receptor ligands on ultrasonic calling in mouse pups. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 15(4), 483–87.

Nelson, R. J. (1997). The use of genetic ‘knockout’ mice in behavioral endocrinology research. Horm Behav, 31(3), 188–96.

Nelson, R. J., Demas, G. E., Huang, P. L., Fishman, M. C., Dawson, V. L., Dawson, T. M., and Snyder, S. H. (1995). Behavioural abnormalities in male mice lacking neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Nature, 378(6555), 383–86.

Nelson, W., Cadotte, L., and Halberg, F. (1973). Circadian timing of single daily “meal” affects survival of mice. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 144(3), 766–69.

Neumann, P. E., and Collins, R. L. (1991). Genetic dissection of susceptibility to audiogenic seizures in inbred mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 88(12), 5408–12.

New York Academy of Sciences, and Ad Hoc Committee on Animal Research. (1988). Interdisciplinary Principles and Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Research, Testing, and Education. New York: New York Academy of Sciences.

Nicolaidis, S., and Rowland, N. (1975). Regulatory drinking in rats with permanent access to a bitter fluid source. Physiol Behav, 14(6), 819–24.

Nicolaidis, S., and Rowland, N. (1977). Intravenous self-feeding: Long-term regulation of energy balance in rats. Science, 195(4278), 589–91.

Niesink, R. J., van Buren-van Duinkerken, L., and van Ree, J. M. (1999). Social behavior of juvenile rats after in utero exposure to morphine: Dose-time-effect relationship. Neuropharmacology, 38(8), 1207–23.

NIH (National Institutes of Health). (1986). Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals . Washington DC: US Department of Health and Human Services.

NIH. (1991). Preparation and Maintenance of Higher Mammals During Neuroscience Experiments: Report of a National Institutes of Health Workshop. Bethesda, MD: NIH/National Eye Institute.

NIH. (1995). Report and Recommendations of the Panel to Assess the NIH Investment in Research on Gene Therapy. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.

NIH. (1997). Intramural Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Mouse and Rat Fetuses and Neonates. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/legislat/neonate.htm.

NIH. (1998). Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

NIH. (2002). Methods and Welfare Considerations in Behavioral Research with Animals. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Norman, R. L., McGlone, J., and Smith, C. J. (1994). Restraint inhibits luteinizing hormone secretion in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in rhesus macaques. Biol Reprod, 50(1), 16–26.

Norman, R. L., and Smith, C. J. (1992). Restraint inhibits luteinizing hormone and testosterone secretion in intact male rhesus macaques: Effects of concurrent naloxone administration. Neuroendocrinology, 55(4), 405–15.

Novak, M. A., West, M., Bayne, K. A. L., and Suomi, S. J. (1998a). Ethological research methods. L. Hart (ed), Responsible Conduct of Research in Animal Behavior (pp. 51–66). New York: Oxford University Press.

Novak, M. A., West, M. J., Bayne, K. A., and Suomi, S. J. (1998b). Ethological research techniques and methods. L. A. Hart (ed), Responsible Conduct with Animals in Research (pp. 51–66). New York: Oxford University Press.

NRC (National Research Council). (1977). Nutrient Requirements of Rabbits (2nd ed). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1985). Nutrient Requirements of Dogs. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1986). Nutrient Requirements of Cats. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1991). Education and Training in the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals: A Guide for Developing Institutional Programs. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1992). Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1995). Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals (4th ed). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1996). Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1997). Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Research Animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (1998). The Psychological Well-Being of Nonhuman Primates. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (2000). Definition of Pain and Distress and Reporting Requirements for Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NRC. (2003a). Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Nonhuman Primates. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

NRC. (2003b). Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates (2nd ed). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Nylander, I., Stenfors, C., Tan-No, K., Mathe, A. A., and Terenius, L. (1997). A comparison between microwave irradiation and decapitation: Basal levels of dynorphin and enkephalin and the effect of chronic morphine treatment on dynorphin peptides. Neuropeptides, 31(4), 357–65.

O’Farrell, V. (1996). Manual of Canine Behaviour. England: British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

O’Farrell, V., and Neville, P. (1994). Manual of Feline Behaviour. England: British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

Obernier, J. A., White, A. M., Swartzwelder, H. S., and Crews, F. T. (2002). Cognitive deficits and CNS damage after a 4-day binge ethanol exposure in rats. Pharmacol, Biochem Behav, 72(3), 521–32.

Olton, D. S., and Samuelson, R. J. (1976). Remembrance of places passed: spation memory in rats. Animal Behavior Processes, 2, 97-116.

Ostenfeld, T., and Svendsen, C. N. (2003). Recent advances in stem cell neurobiology. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg, 28, 3–89.


Pare, W. P., Tejani-Butt, S., and Kluczynski, J. (2001). The emergence test: Effects of psychotropic drugs on neophobic disposition in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and Sprague Dawley rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiat, 25(8), 1615–28.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Paule, M. G. (2000). Validation of a behavioral test battery for monkeys. J. J. Buccafusco (ed), Methods of Behavioral Analysis in Neuroscience. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press LLC.

Paule, M. G. (2001). Using identical behavioral tasks in children, monkeys, and rats to study the effects of drugs. Curr Therap Res, 62(11), 820–33.

Paule, M. G., Allen, R. R., Bailey, J. R., Scallet, A. C., Ali, S. F., Brown, R. M., and Slikker, W. Jr. (1992). Chronic marijuana smoke exposure in the rhesus monkey. II: Effects on progressive ratio and conditioned position responding. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 260(1), 210–22.

Payne, A. P. (1973). A comparison of the aggressive behaviour of isolated intact and castrated male golden hamsters towards intruders introduced into the home cage. Physiol Behav, 10(3), 629– 31.

Peck, J. W. (1978). Rats defend different body weights depending on palatability and accessibility of their food. J Comp Physiol Psychol, 92(3), 555–70.

Pennington, J. A. T., De Planter Bowes, A., and Nichols Church, H. (1998). Bowes and Church’s Food Values of Portions Commonly Used (17th ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publishers.

Perrigo, G., Bryant, W. C., Belvin, L., and vom Saal, F. S. (1989). The use of live pups in humane, injury-free test for infanticidal behaviour in male mice . Anim Behav, 38, 897–98.

Peterson, R. G. (1985). Consequences associated with nonnarcotic analgesics in the fetus and newborn. Fed Proc, 44(7), 2309–13.

Pfaff, D. (2001). Precision in mouse behavior genetics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98(11), 5957– 60.

Phifer, C. B., and Terry, L. M. (1986). Use of hypothermia for general anesthesia in preweanling rodents. Physiol Behav, 38(6), 887–90.

Pompl, P. N., Mullan, M. J., Bjugstad, K., and Arendash, G. W. (1999). Adaptation of the circular platform spatial memory task for mice: use in detecting cognitive impairment in the APP(SW) transgenic mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Methods, 87(1), 87-95.

Porsolt, R. D. (2000). Animal models of depression: Utility for transgenic research. Rev Neurosci, 11(1), 53–58.

Porsolt, R. D., Bertin, A., and Jalfre, M. (1977). Behavioral despair in mice: A primary screening test for antidepressants. Archiv Int Pharmacodyn Ther, 229(2), 327–36.

Porsolt, R., McArthur, R. A., and Lenegre, A. (1993). Psychotropic screening procedures. F. van Haaren (ed), Methods in Behavioral Pharmacology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Potts, W. K., Manning, C. J., and Wakeland, E. K. (1991). Mating patterns in seminatural populations of mice influenced by mhc genotype. Nature, 352(6336), 619–21.

Prakash, Y. S., Seckin, I., Hunter, L. W., and Sieck, G. C. (2002). Mechanisms underlying greater sensitivity of neonatal cardiac muscle to volatile anesthetics. Anesthesiology, 96(4), 893–906.

Quinonez, R., and Sutton, R. E. (2002). Lentiviral vectors for gene delivery into cells. DNA Cell Biol, 21(12), 937–51.


Ramer, M. S., French, G. D., and Bisby, M. A. (1997). Wallerian degeneration is required for both neuropathic pain and sympathetic sprouting into the DRG. Pain, 72(1-2), 71–78.

Rao, D. B., Moore, D. R., Reinke, L. A., and Fechter, L. D. (2001). Free radical generation in the cochlea during combined exposure to noise and carbon monoxide: An electrophysiological and an EPR study. Hear Res, 161(1-2), 113–22.

Rechtschaffen, A., Bergmann, B. M., Gilliland, M. A., and Bauer, K. (1999). Effects of method, duration, and sleep stage on rebounds from sleep deprivation in the rat. Sleep, 22(1), 11–31.

Rechtschaffen, A., Gilliland, M. A., Bergmann, B. M., and Winter, J. B. (1983). Physiological correlates of prolonged sleep deprivation in rats. Science, 221(4606), 182–84.

Redei, E. E., Ahmadiyeh, N., Baum, A. E., Sasso, D. A., Slone, J. L., Solberg, L. C., Will, C. C., and Volenec, A. (2001). Novel animal models of affective disorders. Semin Clin Neuropsychiat, 6(1), 43–67.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Redgate, E. S., Deutsch, M., and Boggs, S. S. (1991). Time of death of CNS tumor-bearing rats can be reliably predicted by body weight-loss patterns. Lab Anim Sci, 41(3), 269–73.

Reed, T. M., Repaske, D. R., Snyder, G. L., Greengard, P., and Vorhees, C. V. (2002). Phosphodiesterase 1B knock-out mice exhibit exaggerated locomotor hyperactivity and DARPP–32 phosphorylation in response to dopamine agonists and display impaired spatial learning. J Neurosci, 22(12), 5188–97.

Reicher, M. A., and Holman, E. W. (1977). Location preference and flavor aversion reinforced by amphetamine in rats. Animal Learning & Behavior, 5, 343-46.

Ren, K., and Dubner, R. (1993). NMDA receptor antagonists attenuate mechanical hyperalgesia in rats with unilateral inflammation of the hindpaw. Neurosci Lett, 163(1), 22–26.

Rescorla, R. A. (1988). Pavlovian conditioning. Am Psychol, 43(3), 151–60.

Richter, C. P. (1967). Sleep and activity: Their relation to the 24-hour clock. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis, 45, 8–29.

Richter, C. P. (1971). Inborn nature of the rat’s 24-hour clock. J Comp Physiol Psychol, 75(1), 1–4.

Ro, J. Y., Debowy, D., Lu, S., Ghosh, S., and Gardner, E. P. (1998). Digital video: A tool for correlating neuronal firing patterns with hand motor behavior. J Neurosci Methods, 82(2), 215– 31.

Roberts, I., Kwan, I., Evans, P., and Haig, S. (2002). Does animal experimentation inform human healthcare? Observations from a systematic review of international animal experiments on fluid resuscitation. BMJ, 324(7335), 474–76.

Rodgers, R. J. (2001). Anxious genes, emerging themes. Behav Pharmacol, 12(6–7), 471–76.

Rodier, P. M., Aschner, M., Lewis, L. S., and Koeter, H. B. (1986). Cell proliferation in developing brain after brief exposure to nitrous oxide or halothane. Anesthesiology, 64(6), 680–87.

Rogers, T. D., Gades, N. M., Kearby, J. D., Virgous, C. K., and Dalton, J. T. (2002). Chronic restraint via tail immobilization of mice: Effects on corticosterone levels and other physiologic indices of stress. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 41(1), 46–50.

Rolfe, P. (2000). In vivo near-infrared spectroscopy. Annu Rev Biomed Eng, 2, 715–54.

Rolls, B. J., and Rolls, E. T. (1981). The control of drinking. Brit Med Bull, 37(2), 127–30.

Rolls, B. J., Van Duijvenvoorde, P. M., and Rowe, E. A. (1983). Variety in the diet enhances intake in a meal and contributes to the development of obesity in the rat. Physiol Behav, 31(1), 21–27.

Rolls, B. J., Wood, R. J., Rolls, E. T., Lind, H., Lind, W., and Ledingham, J. G. (1980). Thirst following water deprivation in humans. Am J Physiol, 239(5), R476–82.

Rose, J. C., Macdonald, A. A., Heymann, M. A., and Rudolph, A. M. (1978). Developmental aspects of the pituitary-adrenal axis response to hemorrhagic stress in lamb fetuses in utero. J Clin Invest, 61(2), 42,4–32.

Rosenberg, D. P. (1991). Nonhuman primate analgesia. Lab Anim, 20(9), 22–32.

Ross, J. F., Mattsson, J. L., and Fix, A. S. (1998). Expanded clinical observations in toxicity studies: Historical perspectives and contemporary issues. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 28(1), 17–26.

Roth, G. S., Ingram, D. K., Black, A., and Lane, M. A. (2000). Effects of reduced energy intake on the biology of aging: The primate model . Eur J Clin Nutr, 54(Suppl 3), S15–S20.

Roughan, J. V., and Flecknell, P. A. (in press). Evaluation of a short duration behaviour-based postoperative pain scoring system in rats. European Journal of Pain.

Roughan, J. V., and Flecknell, P. A. (2000). Effects of surgery and analgesic administration on spontaneous behaviour in singly housed rats. Res Vet Sci, 69(3), 283–88.

Rowan, A. N. (1988). Animal anxiety and animal suffering. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 20, 135–42.

Rowland, N., and Flamm, C. (1977). Quinine drinking: More regulatory puzzles. Physiol Behav, 18(6), 1165–70.

Rowland, N. E., Morien, A., and Li, B. H. (1996). The physiology and brain mechanisms of feeding. Nutrition, 12(9), 626–39.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Rubinstein, M., Mogil, J. S., Japon, M., Chan, E. C., Allen, R. G., and Low, M. J. (1996). Absence of opioid stress-induced analgesia in mice lacking beta-endorphin by site-directed mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93(9), 3995–4000.

Ruiz, i. Altaba A, Sanchez, P., and Dahmane, N. (2002). Gli and hedgehog in cancer: Tumours, embryos and stem cells. Natl Rev Cancer, 2(5), 361–72.

Rushen, J. (2000). Some issues in the interpretation of behavioral responses to stress. G. P. Moberg, and J. A. Mench (eds), The Biology of Animal Stress: Basic Principles and Implications for Animal Welfare. Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.: CAB International.

Russell, W. M. S., and Burch, R. L.. (1959). The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. London: Methuen.

Sabik, J. F., Assad, R. S., and Hanley, F. L. (1993). Halothane as an anesthetic for fetal surgery. J Pediatr Surg, 28(4), 542–46; discussion 546–47.

Saleem, K. S., Pauls, J. M., Augath, M., Trinath, T., Prause, B. A., Hashikawa, T., and Logothetis, N. K. (2002). Magnetic resonance imaging of neuronal connections in the macaque monkey. Neuron, 34(5), 685–700.

Sanchez-Pernaute, R., Harvey-White, J., Cunningham, J., and Bankiewicz, K. S. (2001). Functional effect of adeno-associated virus mediated gene transfer of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase into the striatum of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Mol Ther 4(4), 324–30.

Sanford, J., Ewbank, R., Molony, V., Tavenor, W. D., and Uvarov, O. (1986). Guidelines of the recognition and assessment of pain in animals. Vet Rec, 118, 334–38.

Sapolsky, R. M. (1998). Why Zebras Don’t Get Ulcers. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.

Sarter, M., Hagan, J., and Dudchenko, P. (1992a). Behavioral screening for cognition enhancers: From indiscriminate to valid testing: Part I. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 107(2–3), 144–59.

Sarter, M., Hagan, J., and Dudchenko, P. (1992b). Behavioral screening for cognition enhancers: From indiscriminate to valid testing: Part II. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 107(4), 461–73.

SAS. (2000). Step-By-Step Programming with Base SAS Software. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc.

Sauceda, R., and Schmidt, M. G. (2000). Refining macaque handling and restraint techniques. Lab Anim, 29(1), 47–49.

Saudou, F., Amara, D. A., Dierich, A., LeMeur, M., Ramboz, S., Segu, L., Buhot, M. C., and Hen, R. (1994). Enhanced aggressive behavior in mice lacking 5-HT(1B) receptor. Science, 265(5180), 1875–78.

Saunders, N. R., Knott, G. W., and Dziegielewska, K. M. (2000). Barriers in the immature brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 20(1), 29–40.

Savaki, H. E., Davidsen, L., Smith, C., and Sokoloff, L. (1980). Measurement of free glucose turnover in brain. J Neurochem, 35(2), 495–502.

Savitz, S. L., Malhotra, S., Gupta, G., and Rosenbaum, D. M. (2003). Cell transplants offer promise for stroke recovery. J Cardiovasc Nurs, 18(1), 57–61.

Sazani, P., Vacek, M. M., and Kole, R. (2002). Short-term and long-term modulation of gene expression by antisense therapeutics. Curr Opin Biotechnol, 13(5), 468–72.

Schmid, J., and Speakman, J. R. (2000). Daily energy expenditure of the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus): A small primate that uses torpor. J Comp Physiol, 170(8), 633–41.

Schneider, J. S., and Kovelowski, C. J. 2nd. (1990). Chronic exposure to low doses of MPTP. I. Cognitive deficits in motor asymptomatic monkeys. Brain Res, 519(1-2), 122–28.

Schneider, M. L., Clarke, A. S., Kraemer, G. W., Roughton, E. C., Lubach, G. R., Rimm-Kaufman, S., Schmidt, D., and Ebert, M. (1998). Prenatal stress alters brain biogenic amine levels in primates. Dev Psychopathol, 10(3), 427–40.

Schulze, G. E., McMillan, D. E., Bailey, J. R., Scallet, A., Ali, S. F., Slikker, W. Jr, and Paule, M. G. (1988). Acute effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in rhesus monkeys as measured by performance in a battery of complex operant tests. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 245(1), 178–86.

Sedivy, J. M., and Sharp, P. A. (1989). Positive genetic selection for gene disruption in mammalian cells by homologous recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 86(1), 227–31.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Seitz, P. F. D. (1959). Infantile experience and adult behaviour in animal subjects: II. Age of separation from the mother and adult behaviour in the cat. Psychosom Med, 21, 353–78.

Seltzer, Z., Dubner, R., and Shir, Y. (1990). A novel behavioral model of neuropathic pain disorders produced in rats by partial sciatic nerve injury. Pain, 43(2), 205–18.

Sharp, J., Zammit, T., Azar, T., and Lawson, D. (2002a). Does witnessing experimental procedures produce stress in male rats? Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 41(5), 8–12.

Sharp, J. L., Zammit, T. G., and Lawson, D. M. (2002b). Stress-like responses to common procedures in rats: Effect of the estrous cycle. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 41(4), 15–22.

Sharp, J., Zammit, T., Azar, T., and Lawson, D. (2003). Are “by-stander” female Sprague-Dawley rats affected by experimental procedures? Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 42(1), 19–27.

Siegel, A., Roeling, T. A., Gregg, T. R., and Kruk, M. R. (1999). Neuropharmacology of brain-stimulation-evoked aggression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 23(3), 359–89.

Siegel, S., Hinson, R. E., Krank, M. D., and McCully, J. (1982). Heroin “overdose” death: Contribution of drug-associated environmental cues. Science, 216(4544), 436–37.

Silverman, J., Suckow, M., and Murthy, S. (2000). The IACUC Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press LLC.

Sims, C. D., Butler, P. E., Casanova, R., Randolph, M. A., and Yaremchuk, M. J. (1997). Prolonged general anesthesia for experimental craniofacial surgery in fetal swine. J Invest Surg, 10(1-2), 53–57.

Singer, D. (1999). Neonatal tolerance to hypoxia: A comparative-physiological approach. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology—Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 123(3), 221– 34.

Smith, A. C., and Swindle, M. M. (1994). Laboratory Animal Anesthesia, Analgesia and Surgery. Greenbelt, MA: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare.

Smith, R. P., Gitau, R., Glover, V., and Fisk, N. M. (2000). Pain and stress in the human fetus. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 92(1), 161–65.

Smith, W., and Harrap, S. B. (1997). Behavioural and cardiovascular responses of rats to euthanasia using carbon dioxide gas. Lab Anim, 31(4), 337–46.

Snedecor, G. W., and Cochran, W. G. (1989). Statisitical Methods (8th ed). Ames, IA: Iowa State Press.

Soma, L. R. (1987). Assessment of animal pain in experimental animals. Laboratory Anim Sci, 37, 71–4.

Soothill, J. S., Morton, D. B., and Ahmad, A. (1992). The HID50 (hypothermia-inducing dose 50): An alternative to the LD50 for measurement of bacterial virulence. Int J Exp Pathol, 73(1), 95– 98.

Soriano, P. (1995). Gene targeting in ES cells. Annu Rev Neurosci, 18 (pp. 1–18).

Sprague, J. M. (1966). Interaction of cortex and superior colliculus in mediation of visually guided behavior in the cat. Science, 153(743), 1544–47.

Squire, L. R. (1986). Memory functions as affected by electroconvulsive therapy. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 462, 307–14.

Stafleu, F. R., Rivas, E., Rivas, T., Vorstenbosch, J., Heeger, F. R., and Beynen, A. C. (1992). The use of analogous reasoning for assessing discomfort in laboratory animals. Anim Welfare, 1, 77–84.

Steeghs, K., Oerlemans, F., and Wieringa, B. (1995). Mice deficient in ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase are viable and fertile. Biochim Biophys Acta—Bioenerg, 1230(3), 130–38.

Stefanacci, L., Reber, P., Costanza, J., Wong, E., Buxton, R., Zola, S., Squire, L., and Albright, T. (1998). fMRI of monkey visual cortex. Neuron, 20(6), 1051–57.

Stephens, L. E., Sutherland, A. E., Klimanskaya, I. V., Andrieux, A., Meneses, J., Pedersen, R. A., and Damsky, C. H. (1995). Deletion of beta1 integrins in mice results in inner cell mass failure and peri-implantation lethality. Genes Dev, 9(15), 1883–95.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Stern, Y., and Langston, J. W. (1985). Intellectual changes in patients with MPTP-induced parkinsonism. Neurology, 35(10), 1506–1509.

Steru, L., Chermat, R., Thierry, B., and Simon, P. (1985). The tail suspension test: A new method for screening antidepressants in mice. Psychopharmacology, 85(3), 367–70.

Stock, H. S., Ford, K., and Wilson, M. A. (2000). Gender and gonadal hormone effects in the olfactory bulbectomy animal model of depression. Pharmacol, Biochem Behav, 67(1), 183–91.

Stoelting, R. K. (1999). Pharmacology and Physiology in Anesthetic Practice (3rd ed). Philadelphia, PA: Lippencott-Raven.

Stokes, W. S. (2000). Reducing unrelieved pain and distress in laboratory animals using humane endpoints. ILAR J, 41(2), 59–61.

Stowers, L., Holy, T. E., Meister, M., Dulac, C., and Koentges, G. (2002). Loss of sex discrimination and male-male aggression in mice deficient for TRP2. Science, 295(5559), 1493–1500.

Stricker, E. M. (1984). Biological bases of hunger and satiety: Therapeutic implications. Nutr Rev, 42(10), 333–40.

Stricker, E. M., and Verbalis, J. G. (1988). Hormones and behavior: The biology of thirst and sodium appetite. Am. Sci., 76, 261–67.

Suchecki, D., Tiba, P. A., and Tufik, S. (2002). Paradoxical sleep deprivation facilitates subsequent corticosterone response to a mild stressor in rats. Neurosci Lett, 320(1-2), 45–48.

Sundberg, H., Doving, K., Novikov, S., and Ursin, H. (1982). A method for studying responses and habituation to odors in rats. Behav Neural Biol, 34(1), 113–19.

Suomi, S. J. (1978). Maternal behavior by socially incompetent monkeys: Neglect and abuse of offspring. J Pediatr Psychol, 3, 28–34.

Takahashi, J. S., Pinto, L. H., and Vitaterna, M. H. (1994). Forward and reverse genetic approaches to behavior in the mouse. Science, 264(5166), 1724–33.

Tame, J. D., Abrams, L. M., Ding, X. Y., Yen, A., Giussani, D. A., and Nathanielsz, P. W. (1999). Level of postoperative analgesia is a critical factor in regulation of myometrial contractility after laparotomy in the pregnant baboon: Implications for human fetal surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 180(5), 1196–1201.

Tannenbaum, J. (1999). Ethics and pain research in animals. ILAR J, 40(3), 97–110.

Taylor, J. D., and Evans, H. L. (1985). Effects of toluene inhalation on behavior and expired carbon dioxide in macaque monkeys. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 80(3), 487–95.

Taylor, J. R., Elsworth, J. D., Roth, R. H., Sladek, J. R. Jr, and Redmond, D. E. Jr. (1997). Severe long-term 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonism in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus). Neuroscience, 81(3), 745–55.

Taylor, W., Brown, D., Richardson, R., and Laudenslager, M. (1998). The effect of duration of individual housing on social behavior of adult male bonnet macaques (macaca radiata). Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 37(3), 47–50.

Templeton, N. S. (2002). Cationic liposome-mediated gene delivery in vivo. Biosci Rep, 22(2), 283–95.

Thanos, P. K., Volkow, N. D., Freimuth, P., Umegaki, H., Ikari, H., Roth, G., Ingram, D. K., and Hitzemann, R. (2001). Overexpression of dopamine D2 receptors reduces alcohol self-administration. J Neurochem, 78(5), 1094–1103.

Theodorsson, E., Stenfors, C., and Mathe, A. A. (1990). Microwave irradiation increases recovery of neuropeptides from brain tissues. Peptides, 11(6), 1191–97.

Thomas, C. E., Birkett, D., Anozie, I., Castro, M. G., and Lowenstein, P. R. (2001). Acute direct adenoviral vector cytotoxicity and chronic, but not acute, inflammatory responses correlate with decreased vector-mediated transgene expression in the brain. Mol Ther, 3(1), 36–46.

Threadgill, D. W., Dlugosz, A. A., Hansen, L. A., Tennenbaum, T., Lichti, U., Yee, D., LaMantia, C., Mourton, T., Herrup, K., Harris, R. C., Barnard, J. A., Yuspa, S. H., Coffey, R. J., and Magnuson, T. (1995). Targeted disruption of mouse EGF receptor: Effect of genetic background on mutant phenotype. Science, 269(5221), 230–34.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Thurmon, J. C., Tranquilli, W. J., and Benson, G. J. (1996). Lumb and Jones’ Veterinary Anesthesia (3rd ed). Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.

Todd, M. M., Weeks, J. B., and Warner, D. S. (1993). Microwave fixation for the determination of cerebral blood volume in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 13(2), 328–36.

Tolwani, R. J., Jakowec, M. W., Petzinger, G. M., Green, S., and Waggie, K. (1999). Experimental models of Parkinson’s disease: Insights from many models. Lab Anim Sci, 49(4), 363–71.

Tonegawa, S. (1994). Gene targeting: A new approach for the analysis of mammalian memory and learning. Prog Clin Biol Res, 390, 5–18.

Toth, L. A. (1997). The moribund state as an experimental endpoint. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 36, 44–48.

Toth, L. A. (2000). Defining the moribund condition as an experimental endpoint for animal research. ILAR J, 41(2), 72–79.

Toth, L. A., and Gardiner, T. W. (1999). Stereotactic surgery and long-term maintenance of cranial implants in research animals. Contemporary Topics (AALAS), 38(1), 56-63.

Toth, L. A., and Gardiner, T. W. (2000). Food and water restriction protocols: Physiological and behavioral considerations. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 39(6), 9–17.

Touzani, K., and Sclafani, A. (2002). Area postrema lesions impair flavor-toxin aversion learning but not flavor-nutrient preference learning. Behav Neurosci, 116(2), 256–66.

Tsukada, H., Harada, N., Nishiyama, S., Ohba, H., and Kakiuchi, T. (2000). Dose-response and duration effects of acute administrations of cocaine and GBR12909 on dopamine synthesis and transporter in the conscious monkey brain: PET studies combined with microdialysis. Brain Res, 860(1-2), 141–48.

Tyle, P. (1988). Drug Delivery Devices: Fundamentals and Applications. New York: Marcel Dekker.

UFAW (Universities Federation for Animal Welfare). (1989). Surgical procedures. Guidelines on the Care of Laboratory Animals and Their Use for Scientific Purposes III. London: Universities Federation for Animal Welfare.

Ullman-Cullere, M. H., and Foltz, C. J. (1999). Body condition scoring: A rapid and accurate method for assessing health status in mice. Lab Anim Sci, 49(3), 319–23.

Ungerstedt, U. (1968). 6-Hydroxy-dopaine induced degeneration of central monoamine neurons. Eur J Pharmacol, 5, 107–10.


Vainio, O., Hellsten, C., and Voipio, H. M. (2002). Pain alleviation in laboratory animals methods commonly used for perioperative pain-relief. Scand J Lab Anim Sci, 29(1), 1–21.

van Haaren, F. (1993). Methods in Behavioral Pharmacology (Techniques in Behavioral and Neurological Sciences No. 10). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Van Leeuwen, S. D., Bonne, O. B., Avraham, Y., and Berry, E. M. (1997). Separation as a new animal model for self-induced weight loss. Physiol Behav, 62(1), 77–81.

Vanderwolf, C. H., Buzsaki, G., Cain, D. P., Cooley, R. K., and Robertson, B. (1988). Neocortical and hippocampal electrical activity following decapitation in the rat. Brain Res, 451(1-2), 340– 44.

Vanhatalo, S., and van Nieuwenhuizen, O. (2000). Fetal pain? Brain Dev, 22(3), 145–50.

Vaugeois, J. M., Passera, G., Zuccaro, F., and Costentin, J. (1997). Individual differences in response to imipramine in the mouse tail suspension test. Psychopharmacology, 134(4), 387– 91.

Vogler, G. A. (1997). Anesthesia equipment: Types and uses. D. F. Kohn, S. K. Wixson, W. J. White, and G. J. Benson (eds), Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals. San Diego: Academic Press.

von Borrell, E. (1995). Neuroendocrine integration of stress and significance of stress for the performance of farm animals. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 44, 219–28.

von Linstow Roloff, E., Platt, B., and Riedel, G. (2002). Long-term study of chronic oral aluminum exposure and spatial working memory in rats. Behav Neurosci, 116(2), 351–56.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Vyklicky, L. (1979). Techniques for the study of pain in animals. J. J. Bonica, J. C. Liebeskind, and D. G. Albe-Fessard (eds), Advances in Pain Research and Therapy (Vol. 3). New York, NY: Raven Press.

Wade, C. E., and Ortiz, R. M. (1997). Urinary excretion of cortisol from rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) habituated to restraint. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 36(5), 55–57.

Wallace, J. (2000). Humane endpoints and cancer research. ILAR J, 41(2), 87–93.

Wallace, J., Sanford, J., Smith, M. W., and Spencer, K. V. (1990). The assessment and control of the severity of scientific procedures on laboratory animals: Report of the laboratory animal science association working party. Lab Anim, 24(2), 97–130.

Warburton, D. M. (2002). Commentary on: “Comprehensive observational assessment: Ia. A systematic, quantitative procedure for assessing the behavioral and physiologic state of the mouse.” Psychopharmacology (Berl), 163(1), 4–8.

Waszczak, B. L., Martin, L. P., Finlay, H. E., Zahr, N., and Stellar, J. R. (2002). Effects of individual and concurrent stimulation of striatal D1 and D2 dopamine receptors on electrophysiological and behavioral output from rat basal ganglia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 300(3), 850–61.

Way, E. L. (1993). Opioid tolerance and physical dependence and their relationship. A. Herz, H. Akil, and E. J. Simon (eds), Opioids II (Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Wayner, M. (1964). Thirst. New York: The Macmillan Company.

Waynforth, H. B. (1980). Experimental and Surgical Technique in the Rat. London: Academic Press.

Waynforth, H. B. (1987). Standards of surgery for experimental animals. A. A. Tuffery (ed), Laboratory Animals: An Introduction for New Experimenters. Chichester: Wiley-Interscience.

Waynforth, H. B., Swindle, M. M., Elliott, H., and Smith, A. C. (2003). Surgery: Basic principles and procedures. J. Hau, and G. L. Van Hoosier (eds), Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science: Essential Principles and Practices (2nd ed, Vol. 1, pp. 487–520). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Wechkin, S., and Breuer, L. F. (1974). Effects of isolation on aggression in the Mongolian gerbil. Psychol Rep, 35(1 Pt 2), 415–21.

Weisenburger, W. P. (2001). Neurotoxicology. D. Jacobson-Kram, and K. A. Keller (eds), Toxicology Testing Handbook Principles, Applications, and Data Interpretation. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.

Weiss, B., and O’Donoghue, J. L. (1994). Neurobehavioral Toxicology. New York: Raven Press.

Wellman, P. J., and Hoebel, B. G. (1997). Ingestive Behavior Protocols. New York: Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior.

Wells, T., Windle, R. J., Peysner, K., and Forsling, M. L. (1993). Inter-colony variation in fluid balance and its relationship to vasopressin secretion in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Lab Anim, 27(1), 40–46.

Wenger, G. R. (1980). Cumulative dose-response curves in behavioral pharmacology. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 13(5), 647–51.

Werler, M. M., Shapiro, S., and Mitchell, A. A. (1993). Periconceptional folic acid exposure and risk of occurrent neural tube defects. J Am Med Assoc, 269(10), 1257–61.

Wichmann, T., and DeLong, M. R. (1996). Functional and pathophysiological models of the basal ganglia. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 6 (6), 751–58.

Williams, J. K., Kaplan, J. R., Suparto, I., Fox, J. L., and Manuck, S. B. (2003). Effects of exercise on cardiovascular outcomes in monkeys with risk factors for coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 23(5), 864-71.

Williams, J. K., Vita, J. A., Manuck, S. B., Selwyn, A. P., and Kaplan, J. R. (1991). Psychosocial factors impair vascular responses of coronary arteries. Circulation, 84(5), 2146–53.

Willner, P. (1997). Validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress model of depression: A 10-year review and evaluation. Psychopharmacology, 134(4), 319–29.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×

Wixon, S. K. (1999). The role of the IACUC in assessing and managing pain and distress in research animals. V. Lukas, and M. L. Podolsky (eds), The Care and Feeding of an IACUC: The Organization and Management of an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Wolf, S., and Hardy, J. D. (1941). Studies on pain. Observations of pain due to loal cooling and on factors involved in the “cold pressor” effect. J Clin Invest, 20, 521–33.

Wolff, H. G. (1963). Headache and Other Head Pain. New York: Oxford University Press.

Wolfle, T. L. (1990). Policy, program and people: The three P’s to well-being. J. A. Mench, and L. Krulisch (eds), Canine Research Environment. Bethesda: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare.

Wolfle, T. L., and Bush, R. K. (2001). The science and pervasiveness of laboratory animal allergy. ILAR J, 42(1), 1–3.

Wong, J. P., Saravolac, E. G., Clement, J. G., and Nagata, L. P. (1997). Development of a murine hypothermia model for study of respiratory tract influenza virus infection. Lab Anim Sci, 47(2), 143–47.

Wood, R. J., Rolls, E. T., and Rolls, B. J. (1982). Physiological mechanisms for thirst in the nonhuman primate. Am J Physiol, 242(5), R423–28.

Wrathall, J. R., Pettegrew, R. K., and Harvey, F. (1985). Spinal cord contusion in the rat: Production of graded, reproducible, injury groups. Exp Neurol, 88(1), 108–22.

Yang, Y., Nunes, F. A., Berencsi, K., Furth, E. E., Gonczol, E., and Wilson, J. M. (1994). Cellular immunity to viral antigens limits E1-deleted adenoviruses for gene therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 91(10), 4407–11.

Yi, D. K., and Barr, G. A. (1997). Formalin-induced c-fos expression in the spinal cord of fetal rats. Pain, 73(3), 347–54.

Young, K. A., Berry, M. L., Mahaffey, C. L., Saionz, J. R., Hawes, N. L., Chang, B., Qing, Y. Z., Smith, R. S., Bronson, R. T., Nelson, R. J., and Simpson, E. M. (2002). Fierce: A new mouse deletion of Nr2e1; violent behaviour and ocular abnormalities are background-dependent. Behav Brain Res, 132(2), 145–58.

Young, L. J. (2002). The neurobiology of social recognition, approach, and avoidance. Biol Psychiat, 51(1), 18–26.

Yutrzenka, G. J., and Patrick, G. A. (1992). Barbiturate dependence: Neurochemcial and methodological considerations. R. R. Watson (ed), Drugs of Abuse and Neurobiology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.


Zennou-Azogui, Y., Xerri, C., Leonard, J., and Tighilet, B. (1996). Vestibular compensation: Role of visual motion cues in the recovery of posturo-kinetic functions in the cat. Behav Brain Res, 74(1-2), 65–77.

Zheng, T., Steindler, D. A., and Laywell, E. D. (2002). Transplantation of an indigenous neural stem cell population leading to hyperplasia and atypical integration. Cloning Stem Cells, 4 (1), 3–8.

Zhang, J., McQuade, J. M., Vorhees, C. V., and Xu, M. (2002). Hippocampal expression of c-fos is not essential for spatial learning. Synapse 46(2), 91-9.

Zhong, D. Z., Pei, C., and Xiu-Qin, L. (1996). Neurobehavioral study of prenatal exposure to hyperthermia combined with irradiation in mice. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 18(6), 703–709.

Zigmond, M. J., and Stricker, E. M. (1989). Animal models of parkinsonism using selective neurotoxic: Clinical and basic implications. Int. Rev. Neurobiol, 31, 7–79.

Zola, S. M., and Squire, L. R. (2001). Relationship between magnitude of damage to the hippocampus and impaired recognition memory in monkeys. Hippocampus, 11(2), 92–98.

Zwirner, P. P., Porsolt, R. D., and Loew, D. M. (1975). Inter-group aggression in mice: A new method for testing the effects of centrally active drugs. Psychopharmacologia, 45(2), 133–38.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 150
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 151
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 152
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 153
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 154
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 155
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 156
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 157
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 158
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 159
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 160
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 161
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 162
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 163
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 164
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 165
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 166
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 167
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 168
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 169
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 170
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 171
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 172
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 173
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10732.
×
Page 174
Next: Appendix A: Sample Size Determination »
Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research Get This Book
×
Buy Paperback | $39.95 Buy Ebook | $31.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Expanding on the National Research Council’s Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as:

  • The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols.
    • Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal’s well-being.
    • General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose.

      The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.

    1. ×

      Welcome to OpenBook!

      You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

      Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

      No Thanks Take a Tour »
    2. ×

      Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

      « Back Next »
    3. ×

      ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

      « Back Next »
    4. ×

      Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

      « Back Next »
    5. ×

      Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text.

      « Back Next »
    6. ×

      To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

      « Back Next »
    7. ×

      Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

      « Back Next »
    8. ×

      View our suggested citation for this chapter.

      « Back Next »
    9. ×

      Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

      « Back Next »
    Stay Connected!