Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate (2005)
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)

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. "Appendix I: Dose-Response Effects of Sodium Intake on Blood Pressure." Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005.

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

TABLE I-2 Design Features of Dose-Response Trials that Tested the Effects of Sodium Intake on Blood Pressure

Study	Figure (Appendix I)	Reference	N
Nonhypertensive
1	1	Roos et al. (1985)	8
2	2	Sullivan et al. (1980)	6
3	3	Luft et al. (1979)	14
4	4	Fuchs et al. (1987), at risk of hypertension	17
	5	Fuchs et al. (1987), not at risk of hypertension	17
5	6	Kirkendall et al. (1976)	8
6	7	Bruun et al. (1990)	10
7	8	Johnson et al. (2001)	17
Hypertensive
	9	Bruun et al. (1990)	12
8	10	Ferri et al. (1996)	61
9	11	MacGregor et al. (1989)	20
	12	Johnson et al. (2001), systolic-diastolic hypertension	8
	13	Johnson et al. (2001), isolated systolic hypertension	15
Both nonhypertensive and hypertensive
10	14	Sacks et al. (2001) DASH^c diet Control diet 204	208
^a Urinary sodium. ^b Urinary potassium. ^c DASH = Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.

REFERENCES

Bruun NE, Skott P, Nielsen MD, Rasmussen S, Schutten HJ, Leth A, Pedersen EB, Giese J. 1990. Normal renal tubular response to changes of sodium intake in hypertensive man. J Hypertens 8:219–227.

Ferri C, Bellini C, Carlomagno A, Desideri G, Santucci A. 1996. Active kallikrein response to changes in sodium-chloride intake in essential hypertensive patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 7:443–453.

Fuchs FD, Wannmacher CM, Wannmacher L, Guimaraes FS, Rosito GA, Gastaldo G, Hoeffel CP, Wagner EM. 1987. Effect of sodium intake on blood pressure, serum levels and renal excretion of sodium and potassium in normotensives with and without familial predisposition to hypertension. Braz J Med Biol Res 20:25–34.

Johnson AG, Nguyen TV, Davis D. 2001. Blood pressure is linked to salt intake and modulated by the angiotensinogen gene in normotensive and hypertensive elderly subjects. J Hypertens 19:1053–1060.

Kirkendall WM, Conner EW, Abboud F, Rastogi SP, Anderson TA, Fry M. 1976. The effect of dietary sodium chloride on blood pressure, body fluids, electro-