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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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EXISTING AND POTENTIAL STANDOFF EXPLOSIVES DETECTION TECHNIQUES

Committee on the Review of Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques

Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology

Division on Earth and Life Studies

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Support for this study was provided by the U.S. Department of Defense under contract number MD972-03-1-0009.

All opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.

International Standard Book Number 0-309-09130-6 (Book)

International Standard Book Number 0-309-52959-X (PDF)

Additional copies of this report are available from:
The National Academies Press
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Copyright 2004 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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COMMITTEE ON THE REVIEW OF EXISTING AND POTENTIAL STANDOFF EXPLOSIVES DETECTION TECHNIQUES

JOHN L. ANDERSON,

Carnegie Mellon University,

Chair

ANTONIO A. CANTU,

United States Secret Service

ANDREA W. CHOW,

Caliper Technologies Corporation

PAUL S. FUSSELL,

Boeing PhAntom Works

RALPH G. NUZZO,

University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana

JOHN E. PARMETER,

Sandia National Laboratories

GARY S. SAYLER,

University of Tennessee

JEANNE M. SHREEVE,

University of Idaho

RICHART E. SLUSHER,

Lucent Technologies, Bell Laboratories

MICHAEL STORY,

MS Consulting

WILLIAM TROGLER,

University of California, San Diego

VENNKAT VENKATASUBRAMANIAN,

Purdue University

LANCE A. WALLER,

Emory University

JONATHAN YOUNG,

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

CHARLES F. ZUKOSKI,

University of Illinois, Urbana

Staff

CHRISTOPHER K. MURPHY, Program Officer

DAVID C. RASMUSSEN, Program Assistant

DOROTHY ZOLANDZ, Director,

Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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BOARD ON CHEMICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

WILLIAM KLEMPERER,

Harvard University,

Co-chair

ARNOLD F. STANCELL,

Georgia Institute of Technology,

Co-chair

DENISE M. BARNES,

Amalan Networks

A. WELFORD CASTLEMAN, JR.,

The Pennsylvania State University

ANDREA W. CHOW,

Caliper Technologies Corp.

THOMAS M. CONNELLY, JR.,

E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company

MARK E. DAVIS,

California Institute of Technology

JEAN DE GRAEVE,

Institut de Pathologie, Liège, Belgium

JOSEPH M. DESIMONE,

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University

CATHERINE FENSELAU,

University of Maryland

MAURICIO FUTRAN,

Bristol Myers Squibb Company

LOU ANN HEIMBROOK,

Merck & Co.

NANCY B. JACKSON,

Sandia National Laboratories

MARTHA A. KREBS,

Science Strategies

WILLIAM A. LESTER, JR.,

University of California, Berkeley

GREGORY O. NELSON,

Eastman Chemical Company

ROBERT M. SUSSMAN,

Latham & Watkins

Staff

TINA MASCIANGIOLI, Program Officer

CHRISTOPHER K. MURPHY, Program Officer

SYBIL A. PAIGE, Administrative Associate

DAVID C. RASMUSSEN, Program Assistant

DOROTHY ZOLANDZ, Director

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

Jose Almirall, Florida International University

Robert J. Budnitz, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, operated by the University of California

Colin G. Drury, State University of New York

Allen N. Garroway, Naval Research Laboratory

David M. Golden, SRI International

Richard C. Lanza, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Lyle O. Malotky, Transportation Security Administration

Jimmie C. Oxley, University of Rhode Island

Lynne F. Schneemyer, National Science Foundation

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report

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before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Hyla S. Napadensky, Napadensky Energetics Inc. (retired). Appointed by the National Research Council, she was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2004. Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10998.
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Existing and Potential Standoff Explosives Detection Techniques examines the scientific techniques currently used as the basis for explosives detection and determines whether other techniques might provide promising research avenues with possible pathways to new detection protocols. This report describe the characteristics of explosives, bombs, and their components that are or might be used to provide a signature for exploitation in detection technology; considers scientific techniques for exploiting these characteristics to detect explosives and explosive devices; discusses the potential for integrating such techniques into detection systems that would have sufficient sensitivity without an unacceptable false-positive rate; and proposes areas for research that might be expected to yield significant advances in practical explosives and bomb detection technology in the near, mid, and long term.

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