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OCR for page 275
Acronyms
AC DA
ALCM
CD
ABM Anti-Ballistic Missile. A missile designed to defend
against a ballistic missile attack by destroying incom-
ing ballistic missile warheads.
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. The indepen-
dent U.S. agency that deals with arms control matters.
AtomicEnergy Commission. The U.S. agency for military
and peaceful atomic energy development from 1946 to
1975.
Air-Launched Cruise Missile. A cruise missile launched
from an aircraft in flight. A cruise missile is a pilotless,
aerodynamic vehicle with an air-breathing jet engine
designed to operate in the atmosphere.
ASAT Anti-Satellite. A weapon used to attack satellites.
ASBM Air-to-Surface Ballistic Missile. A ballistic missile
launched from an airborne carrier to hit a surface
target.
ASW Antisubmarine Warfare. The complex of activities
- involved in the detection, identification, tracking, and
destruction of hostile submarines.
BMD Ballistic Missile Defense. Measures for defending against
an attack by ballistic missiles.
Committee on Disarmament. A negotiating body of the
United Nations for multilateral disarmament treaties
set up in 1978. Renamed the Conference on Disarma-
ment in February 1984.
275
OCR for page 276
276
CTB
ENDC
FBS
FRODs
GLCM
IAEA
ICBM
ACRONYMS
Comprehensive Test Ban. A proposed ban on nuclear test-
ing in all environments.
Eighteen Nation Disarmament Conference. A negotiating
organ for multilateral agreements established in 1961.
Forward-Based Systems. A Soviet term defining interme-
diate-range U.S. nuclear delivery systems based in
third countries or on aircraft carriers that can, strike
targets in the Soviet Union.
Functionally Related Observable Differences A SALT If
term referring to differences in the observable features
of airplanes that provide for distinguishing between
those aircraft that are and are not capable of perform-
ing certain functions limited by SALT.
Ground-Launched Cruise Missile. A cruise missile
launched from a land-based platform. See ALCM.
International Atomic Energy Agency. An international
organization established in 1956 to promote peaceful
uses of atomic energy and to provide safeguards to as-
sure that atomic installations are not used for weapons
purposes.
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile. A land-based rocket-
propelled vehicle capable of delivering a warhead
through space to a target at ranges in excess of 5,500
km.
TNF Intermediate-Range NuclearForces. A U.S. term for land-
based nuclear systems with a range capability greater
than that of short-range nuclear forces but less than
that of intercontinental forces (5,500 km).
INFCE International NuclearFueZ Cycle Evaluation. An interna-
tional study initiated by the Carter Administration to
assess the comparative economic, technical, and politi-
cal advantages of various nuclear fuel cycles, with par-
ticular reference to the use of plutonium for recycling
and breeder reactors.
LTB Limited Test Ban. A treaty initially signed by the United
States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union in
1963 to prohibit the testing of nuclear weapons in the
atmosphere, in space, and underwater.
Mutual Assured Destruction. The concept of recipro-
cal deterrence that rests on the inherent ability of
the two nuclear superpowers to inflict unacceptable
damage on one another after surviving a nuclear first
strike.
MAD
OCR for page 277
ACRONYMS 277
MARV Maneuverable Reentry Vehicle. A ballistic missile reentry
vehicle whose ballistic trajectory can be adjusted by
internal or external mechanisms, enabling it to evade
ABM defenses and/or strike its target with a high
degree of accuracy.
MIRV Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicle. A
package of two or more reentry vehicles with nuclear
warheads that can be carried by a single ballistic mis-
sile and delivered to separate targets.
MX Missile Experimental. A new U.S. ICBM with ten war-
heads scheduled to be deployed in the late 1980s.
NPT Non-Proliferation Treaty. A multilateral treaty to pre-
vent the spread of nuclear weapons while guarantee-
ing the peaceful uses of nuclear energy through
cooperation.
NNPA Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act. Legislation providing for
the current U.S. policy controlling the export of nuclear
materials and equipment.
NTM National Technical Means. A nation's technical intelli-
gence assets that can monitor another country's compli-
ance with an arms control agreement from outside of
that country. NTM include satellite-based sensors such
as photographic reconnaissance, aircraft-based sys-
tems such as radars and optical systems, and sea- and
ground-based systems such as radars and antennas for
collecting telemetry.
OST Outer Space Treaty. A 1967 treaty that prohibits the
placing of nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass
destruction around the earth and outlaws the establish-
ment of military bases, installations, and fortifications,
the testing of any type of weapons, and the conduct of
military maneuvers in outer space.
PAR Perimeter Acquisition Radar. Radars on the perimeter of
A TO ~ I_ _ 7 ~ 7 ~ ~ A ~ · ~ . ~
PD59
PNE
a nation designed to detect incoming warheads and pre-
dict their trajectories while they are still several thou-
sand miles from their targets.
Presidential Directive 59. A directive of the Carter Ad-
ministration formalizing the doctrine of countervailing
strategy, which emphasized the importance of flexible
options and survivable command and control to assure
deterrence against a wide range of threats.
Peaceful Nuclear Explosion. A nuclear explosion for
peaceful purposes.
OCR for page 278
278
PNET
RV
SALT
A CR ONYMS
Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty. A treaty that estab-
lished a limit of 150 kt on individual underground nu-
clear explosions for peaceful purposes and a limit of
1,500 kt on any simultaneous series of nuclear explo-
sions for peaceful purposes. It was signed by the United
States and the Soviet Union in 1976.
RORSAT Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite. A Soviet satellite
intended to provide real time location of targets such as
ships at sea. --
Reentry Vehicle. The part of a ballistic missile designed to
reenter the earth's atmosphere in the terminal portion
of its trajectory to deliver a warhead to a target.
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. Negotiations initiated
in 1969 between the United States and the Soviet Union
directed at limiting the strategic offensive and defen-
sive nuclear forces of the two sides.
SAM Surface-to-Air Missile. A surface-launchec3 missile de-
signed to operate against aircraft or other aerodynamic
targets.
SCC Standing Consultative Commission. A permanent U.S.-
Soviet commission established in the SALT T agree-
ments and incorporated into the SALT IT agreement to
deal with questions of compliance and the working out
of additional procedures to implement the provisions of
the SALT agreements.
SDT Strategic Defense Initiative. The Reagan Administra-
tion's research and development program to investigate
the possibility of developing a nationwide ballistic mis-
sile defense with the goal of ultimately eliminating the
strategic role of nuclear weapons.
Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile. A ballistic mis-
sile launched from a submarine. See ICBM.
SRAM Short-Range Attack Missile. A nuclear-armed short-
range air-to-surface missile deployed on B-52s for de-
fense suppression as well as target attack.
Strategic Arms Red action Talks. Negotiations between
the United States and the Soviet Union initiated in
1982 by the Reagan Administration to seek substantial
reductions in strategic nuclear weapons.
Threshold Test Ban. A treaty signed by the United States
and the Soviet Union in 1974 to prohibit underground
tests of nuclear weapons with a yield greater than
150 kt.
SIJBM
START
TTB
Representative terms from entire chapter:
reentry vehicle
