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PAPERBACK list:$33.00 Web:$29.70 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free Resources PDF FORMAT PDF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles WIC Food Packages: Time for a Change Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients) Other Related Titles Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages: A Preliminary Report of the Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages (2004) Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 101   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More Page 101 Front Matter (R1-R10) Executive Summary (1-8) 1 Introduction and Background (9-20) 2 Challenges to Selecting an Effective Set of WIC Food Packages (21-26) 3 Nutrient Intake of WIC-Eligible Populations (27-52) 4 Food Intake of WIC-Eligible Populations (53-64) 5 Nutrition-Related Health Risks and Outcomes of WIC-Eligible Populations (65-74) 6 Proposed Approach for Selecting the WIC Food Packages (75-82) 7 References (83-100) Appendix A Tables (101-114) Appendix B Biographical Sketches of Committee Members (115-120) Appendix C Acronyms and Abbreviations (121-122)

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Appendix A Tables INTRODUCTION For the analyses presented in Chapter 3, the Committee conducted several breakdowns of the nutrient intake data for WIC-eligible populations. Some of these were not directly useful in the analyses for Phase I presented in this report. These data may well be useful in Phase II of the project. Additionally, the breakdown of WIC participants versus nonparticipants and infants at various age groups are likely to be of interest to the nutrition community. A-1

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EAR < som11 A A A N/ N/ N/ 5%4. 1%2. 0%7. 3%0. 3%0. 1%0. A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ 6%0. 4%0. 1%0. nts,a % 7- Inf EAR som11 - - - 96. 96. 96. 52. 52. 52. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 99. 99. 99. -Eligiblee 7- C-IncomI som11 340. 340. 340. - - - - - - 75 75 75 0 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 50 05. 05. 05. 300. 300. 300. - - - W: 7- AI som6 320. 320. 320. 30. 30. 30. 02. 02. 02. 30 30 30 0 0 0 40 40 40 40 40 40 04. 04. 04. 100. 100. 100. 19. 19. 19. Sodium 0- and, s h mo11 90t 011. 920. 121. .9 .9 .7 3 0 9 5 6 2 5 0 8 .4 .7 .3 35 33 39 23 22 25 69. 69. 39. 16 15 17 021, 011, 021, 17 18 14 16 16 16 990. 930. 121. Potassium ugh h thro0 75t 800. 770. 900. .8 .7 .1 18 18 19 08. 08. 87. 4 9 9 0 3 2 4 9 1 .3 .5 .6 12 11 13 84 84 82 13 13 12 13 13 13 770. 750. 820. 27 26 29 Protein, ), eanm ean .7 .7 .6 15 15 15 86. 96. 66. 1 97 6 4 1 5 0 5 99 .0 .1 .8 22 21 23 and M 670. 650. 730. 10 10 70 71 69 11 11 11 11 10 650. 630. 690. tiles Micronutrients, ercen andie 630. 630. 680. .7 .0 .0 92 91 94 3 5 4 0 5 94 .7 .6 .7 20 20 20 14 15 14 56. 76. 46. 66 67 65 10 10 10 10 10 600. 590. 620. (pn M tio h Selected 25t 500. 500. 520. .3 .9 .1 11 11 10 35. 45. 15. 67 68 64 5 0 0 52 54 52 76 79 72 28. 38. 57. 460. 460. 460. 15 15 15 of Distribue tak h In 10t 400. 400. 420. 68. 39. 27. 34. 34. 24. 50 52 49 2 6 5 43 44 41 58 60 56 75. 16. 05. 360. 370. 340. 12 12 12 Distributions s Non-Breastfeeding Intake noiat antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici pul la pa Year, artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn Usual Po Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No 1 One ) A- dayr um )EAR 6 Under ientr pestni TABLE Age Nut (u muiclaC as Bnim a nei ) (g onIr g) nc g) gnesia g) Animat cg Cnimat g) Enimat g) g) ) (m Zi (m M (m Vi (m Vi (m Vi (m Vita (m Prot (g

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A A A A A al., e N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/A withe ach edf et nim ita tag pro 11h taknI. rdal ap oug rcenep - - - - - - = ilitybab breastyht önne (L thr7e heal EAR living < proeth of zincdna % agstnafnir ltivum.,.g(esntemelp 04) householdsni 20 a, 02 20, 0012 s,t 700. 700. 700. 370. 370. 370. ingsu kesatni iron fo b, sup ntsed lenaviu /d tedam eq eanmno 0002 eciallypse kg/g aryetid respony 8, esti 400. 400. 400. 120. 120. 120. ity is sed ts, 1.1fo e.u 199 val omfr onl 97, activlo EAR < baerade rientunem R (19 EA retin and RAEsiht included MOI = an ond set 721. 641. 821. 051. 990. 061. EAR %eht, esentrps sofo se keatnieduclni le, ironr data AIr ility basi nots morfearIA licab Fo.e heotl 361. 321. 451. 610. 590. 610. appt takin Al ilabavaoib . hstnom6 hs doe gh milk seta CSFIIeht and EAR no = teau the breast routh0e ontm11h dat m eq in );00 fro 121. 081. 171. 500. 490. 490. A s.ntfani N/,nte adin ugho withe fedstaerb alth s,t anthalu agstna infr fo FSR( iss 041. 021. 091. 340. 340. 340. rem n- trien rm quieRegar tag norof nu fot eseht infan ugorht7egasntfanirof 20,G lepm sa threshold.y povert analy 790. 790. 820. 220. 230. 210. Ave percenehtfo SFIIC89 aredetn in t/dhgiewyd The.t federal for bo . the 7) set tedami team eserp eenb lowereb kg/g 19dna6 of to 991- saleblat cent 610. 610. 640. 160. 170. 160. Est esti = an is AIseht, per E nownk AI 185 s s EAR umci notevahst 52.1fo EARehtnahtsseltn 94 omfr 199,USI( 19 is an keatni SID-C antpicirt stnapici antpicirt stnapici um to EAR ), < %e of dat sodi ingsu equal la pa artpn la pa artpn ke,atnIe Th calroF.)10 fanin 0002l,a cludein perceeht omfreraa eastfedr erd einto or) or lated Tot WIC No Tot WIC No equatdA EAR. 20, nn oniatni nsoi n-b prr keatnI: than =IA: anth MOI nor Löd calcue fo anno eparat OURCE pr essle wer S ns um AIs fosIRDe rmetedehT Th tio ssia ) umdi NOTE lessse 86;91,C s.t Pab; incom a hs. DATA neralim bui ) Pot (g So (g takin (NR fanin 9811 ontm and with strid

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nts,a ear (e.g., were Inf ts income nsoi AI som3 ted em en 320. 30. 02. 30 0 with 40 40 04. 100. 19. 400. 120. esen 0- -Eligiblee prsIA sofo . ility ilkm pplem butirstdi su hertollA ilaba eastrbni households dietary in C-IncomI h keatnI.)4002 W: 90t 810. .0 92 5 6 .9 21 oavibeth 19 98. 84 11 16 600. 051. 320. from gh living a,20 Sodium shtnom3 s.tnafni ke ed inta ents 20, 01 eastf h .6 17. 71 8 anthalumroftna .1 br 75t 66 88 17 and, ugh 650. 14 13 480. 830. 250. on-nr houtla,snteirtun thro0 fo onld ), .5 7 are .0 esehtr infnirewloeb include respondy 20,b00 not 20,8991 Potassium eanm ean does 12 95. 61 57 74 14 11 fo to 7, M 550. 410. 720. 210. setn set include and presented own a 991( kn set tiles AIs dat; IOM Protein, ercen andie is, 510. .5 11 55. 55 5 .1 beeton data 53 67 10 380. 14 670. 190. the, 0) 00) (pn M umi tio calcr 200l,adern 20,G omfr CSFII are . the AI h 19. 34. 43 4 Fo hs (FSRI m 43 11 havesntfanidef Lön Micronutrients, Distribue fro 25t 410. 52 18. 310. 540. 150. s.t CSFI lep tak In valeniu eastrb-n andno 98 threshold. eq nor 19 Pab; sam Selected h and iss of 10t 340. 07. 53. 35 4 41 9 ity 35 66. 250. 440. 120. fosIA ontm6hguorht0 poverty 1981 6 activl retino = s.ntfanidef al., et federal al rden fro of Distributions Non-Breastfeeding ) RAE,e ear ). 97 dayr EAR tak eastrbyht önL(c eparations).rp 19 percent Intake In zind e (ISU, Usual Months,3 (pest g gm gm gm asgcm gm gm gm tea healfo tak 185 g g g In Uni equ to Ad 1a = kesatni annoir ciallye agessntfanirofd/gkg/11.sineiotrprof 199 analy 94-91 The m the taad : neralim C-SIDE equal A- 6 OURCE Through0 um or ingsu a um AI: andni esp S nteir n eanm ts, onIr nc gnesia Animat Cnimat Enimat Bnim ssia umdi NOTE ond AIehT a DATA than lated TABLE Ages Nut muiclaC Zi M Vi Vi Vi Vita Protei Pot So base enirtun ltivitamum less calcu

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nts,a ear ro -C Inf AI som6 ted 320. 30. 02. 30 0 40 40 04. 100. 19. 400. 120. em anth ingsu 4- esen -Eligiblee prsIA sofo . ility ilkm lessem lated ilaba coin calcu h 90t 880. .1 23 39. 4 7 0 .8 12 94 18 16 730. 24 361. 380. hertollA eastrbni .,.g(esntemelp were C-IncomI W: s.tnafni oavibeth sup withsdlo gh aryetid nsiot seh bui Sodium shtnom6 ed h .0 4 0 8 .1 20 eastf omfr in stride 75t 750. 19 97. 10 83 14 14 640. 181. 310. br and, ugh on-nr houtla,snteirtun anthalumroftna hou ing tak In. 4) fo thro4 are ), esehtr 9 7 fo infnirewloeb keatnieduclni livstnedn 200,a2 ean .3 respo 91 .0 18 to Potassium eanm M 650. 16 86. 71 12 12 570. 021. 270. 200, setn nots ly 01 presented own doe and kn AIs is, seta onded 20, 00b Protein, tiles beeton 0) dat cluni ercen andie 0 1 the, 20, (pn 620. .6 87 .7 71 12 17 );00 set 15 66. 11 560. 001. 250. umi M taad 9981 tio calcr Fo havesntfanidef 200l,adern 20,G 7, . 199( s.t Lön hs FSR( Micronutrients, Distribue h CSFIIeth 25t 530. .8 12 55. 74 9 MOI 59 99 49. 480. 15 840. 210. m tak valeniu eastrb-n andno fro In eq nor SFIIC89 lep Selected ity of fosIA Pab; sam morfearIA 1981 ontm6hguorht0 19dna6 h d.l 10t 440. .3 10 54. 64 3 50 82 57. 420. 13 720. 180. activl retino = s.ntfanidef al., et al rden tyer Distributions Non-Breastfeeding ) RAE,e önL(c tak omfreraa ).s povla aration Intake dayr eastrbyht RAE In zind (pest as eprp Usual Months,6 tea healfo g mg mg mg mcg mg mg mg g g g equ Uni Ad 1b = kesatni annoir ciallye agesntfanirofd/gkg/11.sineiotrprof 991- alysis shoe 94 19 ane thr Th dat keatnI: ralenimd derefethfot . 7) 6 an A- Through4 um m nteir gnesia Anim Cnim Enim Bnim S 199, a AI: OURCE esp n eanm min umdi NOTE ond ts, ATA ita SU(I a D TABLE Ages Nut Calciu onIr Zinc M Vita Vita Vita Vita Protei Potassium So base enirtun AIehT tivlum cenrep581otlau DE eq SI

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nts,a Inf AI som6 ility . ro -C 320. 30. 02. 30 0 40 40 04. 100. 19. 400. 120. AIs anth 0- herotl Al -Eligiblee ilabavaoibethh milk ingsu eastrb lessem lated in coin calcu h 90t 860. .2 22 29. 7 5 6 .0 oug 11 91 15 17 700. 23 281. 360. s.ntafni alth anthalu .,.g(esntemelp C-IncomI tfeds ts, rm sup withsdlo were nsiot W: shtnom6 h hou 75t 700. .3 17 57. 91 2 9 .6 75 11 13 570. 19 041. 280. non-brea for Sodium are rientunesehtrof fotna aryetid seh bui inf ugh and, set inrewoleb omfr in stride ing tak In. 4) thro0 ), ean 600. .4 14 36. 75 2 98 .5 16 bleateht been ton livstnedn 64 11 in ow keatnieduclni 200,a2 eanm M 480. 860. 240. not kn ve nots respo ly 200, Potassium and has is, doe 01 00) tiles andie presented 20, 570. .1 13 06. 69 9 88 .8 15 seta onded 60 AIs 00b Protein, M 10 460. 810. 220. 20l,a dat cluni ercen (pn the, fantnidef erd nn );00 20, set umi tio h 20,G taad 9981 7, 25t 460. .0 10 84. 52 1 50 66 78. 370. 12 630. 170. calcr Fo Distribue s.t Micronutrients, breast-nonrofsIA Löd anno Pab; tak s. .shtnom6h FSR( CSFIIeth 199( MOI m In h 97. 93. valeniu 9811 oug SFIIC89 fro 41 51 10 eq lep Selected 10t 370. 6 41 07. 300. 500. 140. ity fantnidef al., et thr0e sam morfearIA of activl retino eastrbyht aldren 19dna6991 d.l 4- alysis shoe = healfo (Lönc agstnafnir 199 ane thr fo zind /d ).s tyer Distributions Non-Breastfeeding ) dayr EAR RAE,e an kg/g morferaa Th povla 1.1 aration Intake Months,6 (pest g gm gm gm asgcm tak kesatni onir In is dat gm gm gm g g g tea Uni equ eanmno eprp ecially einto Usual Ad esp prr keatnI: fo ralenimd derefethfot . 1c 7) 6 = ts, um sedab R a OURCE an A- Through0 nteir muiclaC n um AI: EAe S 199, min onIr nc gnesia Animat Cnimat Enimat Bnim ssia umdi Zi M Vi Vi Vi Vita Protei Pot So NOTE aredetn enirtunem Th a DATA ita SU(I TABLE Ages Nut prese sofo tivlum cenrep581otlau DE eq SI

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nts,a RAE Inf < som11 ni a, y 02 A N/ 5%4. 3%0. A A A A A N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ 4%0. A A N/ N/ geatn c ility % 7- ealthh 20, rce ab zin e.luav living pe 0012 EAR b, -Eligiblee EAR som11 = ofse andn ntsed iro - 96. 52. - - - - - 99. - - obrpeht EAR takin isthno 0002 7- < % s,t ingsud 8, mean onl C-IncomI ate ond especially asedbsi .,.g(esntemelp respony 199 s,t sup 97, W: AI som11 - - (19 340. 75 0 50 50 05. - 300. 700. 370. lenaviu estim eq is 7- ity EAR baseeradetn trien nuem aryetid included MOI omfr set Sodium < h .7 4 1 2 .0 sofo RAEehtnaht data and, 90t 091. 25 89. 43 activlo eserp . ssel 18 shtn 081, 18 16 141. 921. 521. morfearIA retin = %eth,n ility milk centr iror keatnieduclni CSFIIeht and mo11 h .6 4 6 9 .3 AIsrehotl eastrb peeht 15 89 14 35 EAR EAR in m Potassium 75t 900. 20 58. 13 960. 641. 051. Al of le, Fo.e nots fro ugh licab takin ilabavaoibeht gh oniatni doe thro7 uate nts.fanid ouh seta lepm sa reshold.ht Protein, ), 9 6 2 anthalumr rme .4 appt 12 76 12 29 eq alt dat eanm ean 760. .2 17 27. 10 830. 411. 810. no M = A adin ts, fotna );00 iss poverty and N/,tne withe non-breastfe rientun inf detehT. hs 20,G analy rale tiles Micronutrients, andie 730. .3 16 17. 4 4 6 .2 tag for fed 12 73 11 10 800. 28 371. 670. FSR( The.t remiu are eseht 7) ercen M for inrewoleb ontm11h . (pn Reqe set ton SFIIC89 saleblat the of 199, tio h 0 6 89 22 erag presented omrf (ISU Selected 25t 580. .7 12 95. 10 59 17. 670. 131. 420. rcenepethfo know ugorht7 Av AIs of is, percent DE Distribue edta team 19dna6 SI esti the, enebtonevah 0) keatni 991- 185 um tak h 3 tola C-g In 10t 460. 99. 94. 81 94 48 69 74. an 560. 17 950. 290. Estim is = calcium fantsin 200,aldren 19 odis usin EAR or) equ or lated Distributions Non-Breastfeeding ) EAR EAR,e < For edf ). Lön tak %e nsoi eastr and than Intake dayr In Th 0012, omfreraa on-bn dat aratp Months, (pest tea pre g g g g EAR. for Pabon;1 lesse calcuerews Usual 11 gm gm gm asgcm gm gm gm equ MOI;6 Uni Ad anth AIs 198 keatnI: neralim incom tionubi 1d = esgasntfanirofd/gkg/1.1sineiotrprof al., A- 6 through7 um a AI: lessse 198,CR OURCE ithw EAR S distre nteir muiclaC Bnim n um (N fants.in etla tak nc ssia ach edf erd The In onIr gnesia Animat Cnimat Enimat umdi NOTE takin a DATA Zi M Vi Vi Vi Vita Protei Pot So pro TABLE Ages Nut with ap eastrb önnL( andnimativiltum ). households 0042

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A-8 PROPOSED CRITERIA FOR SELECTING THE WIC FOOD PACKAGES TABLE A-2 Usual Food Energy Intakes and Estimated Energy Requirements: WIC-Income- Eligible Infants, Under One Year of Age, Non-Breastfeeding Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean), 0 through 11 months 10th 25th Median Mean 75th 90th Total Usual intake (kcal/d) 526 652 821 859 1,024 1,241 EER (kcal/d) 443 539 637 659 759 903 WIC Participants Usual intake (kcal/d) 528 657 824 855 1,010 1,210 EER (kcal/d) 463 548 650 670 769 901 Nonparticipants Usual intake (kcal/d) 550 671 829 861 1,016 1,214 EER (kcal/d) 432 508 608 629 727 854 NOTE: EER = Estimated Energy Requirement. DATA SOURCE: Intake date are from 1994-1996 and 1998 CSFII (FSRG, 2000). The analysis sample from the CSFII data set included only respondents living in households with income less than or equal to 185 percent of the federal poverty threshold. EER values are from IOM (2002a). Intake distributions were calculated using C-SIDE (ISU, 1997).

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APPENDIX A -- TABLES A-9 TABLE A-3 Usual Food Energy Intakes and Energy Requirements: WIC-Income-Eligible Children, 1 Through 4 Years, Non-Breastfeeding Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean), 1 through 4 yearsa 10th 25th Median Mean 75th 90th Total Usual intake (kcal/d) 1,049 1,240 1,476 1,516 1,750 2,037 EER-Low active (kcal/d) 883 1,041 1,229 1,216 1,380 1,511 EER-Active (kcal/d) 889 1,053 1,323 1,301 1,523 1,676 WIC Participants Usual intake (kcal/d) 992 1,197 1,447 1,483 1,728 2,017 EER-Low active (kcal/d) 837 968 1,178 1,169 1,346 1,494 EER-Active (kcal/d) 835 979 1,233 1,240 1,486 1,636 Nonparticipants Usual intake (kcal/d) 1,085 1,268 1,494 1,536 1,761 2,042 EER-Low active (kcal/d) 932 1,083 1,254 1,244 1,394 1,517 EER-Active (kcal/d) 939 1,110 1,359 1,337 1,539 1,690 NOTE: EER = Estimated Energy Requirement. a For children ages 1 through 2 years an EER was calculated for each individual using body weight and the age-appropriate Energy Deposition factor (IOM, 2002a). For children ages 3 through 4 years an EER was calculated for each individual using age, body weight, height, the age-appropriate Energy Deposition factor, and the sex- and age-appropriate PA coefficient (Physical Activity coefficient) for the indicated PAL (Physical Activity Level: Low Active or Active) (IOM, 2002a). DATA SOURCE: Intake date are from 1994-1996 and 1998 CSFII (FSRG, 2000). The analysis sample from the CSFII data set included only respondents living in households with income less than or equal to 185 percent of the federal poverty threshold. EER values are from IOM (2002a). Intake distribution was calculated using C- SIDE (ISU, 1997).

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Ages RAE y4 A A A < N/ N/ N/ 0%1. 9%0. 0%1. 1%0. 2%0. 1%0. 7%0. 4%0. 9%0. 7%0. 6%0. 7%0. 2%0. 0%0. 3%0. %.4 %.2 %.9 1- 55 52 58 0%0. 0%0. 0%0. 0%0. 0%0. 0%0. % Children, le y4 - - - 14. 14. 14. 4 4 4 0 0 0 5 5 5 11 11 11 27 27 27 22 22 22 06. 06. 06. 500. 500. 500. 15 15 15 -Eligibe EAR y3 - - - 1- 03. 03. 03. 52. 52. 52. 65 65 65 0 0 0 21 21 21 13 13 13 05. 05. 05. 400. 400. 400. 11 11 11 C-IncomI W y4 80. 80. 80. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - r: AI Fibe y3 1- 500. 500. 500. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - and, y4 h 90t 211. 221. 191. .9 .3 .8 .0 .2 .8 9 6 5 9 1 3 9 7 1 17 19 16 12 12 11 26 27 26 92 97 91 16 17 16 08. 09. 37. 022. 092. 961. 75 74 75 Potassium ugh roth1 h 75t 001. 031. 990. .6 .6 .8 .0 .1 14 15 13 10 10 99. 0 5 6 3 3 0 2 3 4 23 23 22 73 75 73 13 14 12 46. 86. 16. 691. 731. 661. 64 63 64 ), Protein, eanm ean 480. 680. 280. 2. 0. 7. 12 13 11 68. 68. 68. 7 2 4 5 3 5 5 6 19 20 19 62 64 61 10 11 98 45. 75. 25. 341. 741. 141. 55 54 55 and M tiles andie 810. 840. 790. .6 .3 .1 11 12 11 28. 28. 28. 1 6 8 8 7 4 0 19 19 18 57 58 57 97 11 90 05. 15. 94. 381. 401. 361. 53 53 54 ercen M Micronutrients, (pn h 25t 640. 670. 620. 29. 69. 09. 76. 66. 96. 8 2 6 8 4 3 15 16 15 45 46 45 70 83 64 04. 93. 04. 111. 131. 111. 44 43 45 Selected of Distributioe h 2 4 0 9 0 6 50 62 45 37 36 38 10t 500. 530. 490. 47. 57. 47. 65. 55. 85. 13 13 13 36 37 36 23. 13. 33. 920. 920. 920. tak In s Distributions noiat antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici Intake pul la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn la pa artpn Po Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Tot WIC No Usual 4 Years4 ) A- dayr )EAR 6 um as ientr ) g) g) g) cg g) g) (g (m Bnim a g) n ) TABLE Through1 pestni Nut (u muiclaC onIr nc (m gnesia (m Animat (m Cnimat (m Enimat (m (m (g Zi M Vi Vi Vi Vita Protei

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d . A A A A A A fo 01) oft N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ N/ EAR. 20 anth M, 19, less IO; oniatnimre annim .)79 ita rcenep5 18 SUI( - - - - - - es det aktin 1986 The tola ED RC,N( equ or SI-Cgn - - - - - - withe usi tag rcenep achorppa ltivum.,.g(esntemelp anth sup esslem edatl 83. 83. 83. = ars.ey8hguorht4 aryetid 25 25 25 coin ages EAR omfr calcuerews < tion 03. 03. 03. 19 19 19 % ilitybaborpeht rendl ithwsdl 92. 92. 82. 15 15 14 s,tnelaviu ingsu chir bui strid edat fod ehosuoh eq kg/g/ keatnieduclni in take In. ity estim is 42. 52. 42. 12 12 12 activl 760.dna nots ing 4) doe liv ts 200 EAR seta en < 02a, 12. 12. 02. retino dat 10 10 10 = E );00 20, 20,G 0012 b, 02. 12. 02. 10 9 10 RA,tne %eth,n sponderylno iro remiu For.e earsy3hguorht1 esga FSR( edduclin 0002 8, 71. 71. 61. 7 7 8 Reqe takin en tea drl SFIIC89 set erag equ 41. 41. 31. 6 5 6 Av adin chirofd/ taadI 199,7991( edta ght withe es.ulav 19dna6 MOI wei 991- CSFIeth morf analysis. 94 Estim = tag dy morf these 19 are this s on antpicirt stnapici s antpicirt stnapici EAR,e sedab tak is omfreraa lepm AId sa an R fromd la pa artpn la pa artpn In rcenepethfo tea ate Tot WIC No Tot WIC No equ bogkg/880.sineiot dat analysise EA.dl Th estim cludexeeran Ad an = is prrof EAReth anth keatnI: ).sn shoerthyt r AI: EAR lesst OURCE aratio S childregn um be < ssia ) (g Fila ) NOTE RAEehT (g %e a Pot Tot Th rcenepeth DATA eprplare min poverlaredefeth Breastfeedi

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A-12 PROPOSED CRITERIA FOR SELECTING THE WIC FOOD PACKAGES Table A-5 Usual Intakes of Macronutrients and Added Sugars: WIC-Income-Eligible Children, 1 Through 4 Years, a Non-Breastfeeding Percent of Food Energy Added Protein Fat Total Carbohydrate Sugarsa 20% 40% 65% > 25% Total 0.6% 2.0% 16.8% 12.2% 5.0% 1.7% 4.3% WIC participants 0.3% 1.5% 20.0% 9.5% 3.7% 1.9% 2.8% Nonparticipants 0.7% 2.2% 14.9% 13.6% 5.4% 1.5% 4.6% a For added sugars, data were available only for children 2 through 4 years of age. The recommendation to limit added sugars to less than 25% of food energy intake is to be applied only to children 2 through 4 years of age. DATA SOURCE: Intake date are from 1994-1996 and 1998 CSFII (FSRG, 2000). The analysis sample from the CSFII data set included only respondents living in households with income less than or equal to 185 percent of the federal poverty threshold. EER values are from IOM (2002a). Intake distribution was calculated using C- SIDE (ISU, 1997).

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APPENDIX A -- TABLES A-13 Table A-6 Percentage of WIC-Income-Eligible Individuals with Usual Intakes Above the UL Infants, 0 through 11 mos Children, 1 through 4 years Women Total WIC Non-WIC Total WIC Non-WIC 14-18 y 19-44 y P/L Calcium UL (g/d) 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 % > UL < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% Iron UL (mg/d) 40 40 40 40 40 40 45 45 45 % > UL < 1% < 1% 1.8% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% Zinc UL (mg/d) 4 4 4 7 7 7 34 40 40 % > UL 88.8 89.7% 91.6% 14.9% 16.9% 13.3% < 1% < 1% < 1% % Vitamin A, preformed UL (mcg/d) 600 600 600 600 600 600 2,800 3,000 2,800 % > UL 39.1 43.6% 34.8% 16.4% 17.6% 16.3% < 1% < 1% < 1% % Vitamin B6 UL (mg/d) ND ND ND 30 30 30 80 100 100 % > UL < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% Vitamin C UL (mg/d) ND ND ND 400 400 400 1,800 2,000 2,000 % > UL < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% Sodium UL (g/d) ND ND ND 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 % > UL 86.3% 81.9% 89.2% 93.1% 72.4% 98.9% NOTE: ND = not determined, P/L = pregnant or lactating, 14 through 50 years of age, UL = Tolerable Upper Intake Level (for infants, UL values presented in the table are for infants 0 through 6 months of age; for children, UL values presented in the table are for children 1 through 3 years of age). DATA SOURCE: Intake date are from 1994-1996 and 1998 CSFII (FSRG, 2000); data set does not include intake from dietary supplements (e.g., multivitamin and mineral preparations) or sodium intake from table salt. The analysis sample from the CSFII data set included only respondents living in households with income less than or equal to 185 percent of the federal poverty threshold. UL values are from IOM (1997, 1998, 2000b, 2001, 2004). Breastfeeding infants or children were omitted from the analysis.

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Representative terms from entire chapter:

dietary supplements