EPA:

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the agency that implements the Clean Air Act.

ERP:

equipment replacement provision

ESP:

electrostatic precipitator

FCCU:

fluid catalytic cracking unit

FGD:

flue gas desulfurization

HAP:

hazardous air pollutant

HRSG:

heat recovery steam generator

HNO₃:

nitric acid

H₂S:

hydrogen sulfide

IECM:

Integrated Environmental Control Model

IGCC:

integrated gasification combined cycle

IPM:

Integrated Planning Model

LAER:

lowest achievable emission rate (This is the level of control required to obtain a Part D NSR permit.)

LCA:

life-cycle assessment

LNB:

low-NO_x burners

MACT:

maximum available control technology

NAAQS:

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (Many of the mechanisms of the Clean Air Act are aimed at attaining and maintaining compliance with these standards.)

NaOH:

sodium hydroxide

Na₂S:

sodium sulfide

NEI:

National Emissions Inventory

NEMS:

National Energy Modeling System

NERC:

National Electric Reliability Council

N₂O:

nitrous oxide

N₂O₄:

dinitrogen tetroxide

N₂O₅:

dinitrogen pentoxide

NO:

nitric oxide

NO₂:

nitrogen dioxide

NO₃:

nitrogen trioxide

NO_x:

nitrogen oxides

NO_y:

sum of NO_x and other oxidized compounds

NPRA:

National Petrochemical and Refiners Association

NRC:

National Research Council

NSPS:

new source performance standard

Front Matter (R1-R16)

Summary (1-12)

1 Introduction (13-16)

2 Regulatory Overview (17-48)

3 Overview of Health Effects, Air Quality, and Emissions (49-83)

4 Emission Sources and Technology Options (84-133)

5 Analytic Methods for Assessing Effects of New Source Review Rule Changes (134-169)

6 General Approach to Assessing Impacts of NSR Rule Changes (170-175)

References (176-193)

Terms and Abbreviations (194-196)

Appendix A: Biographical Information of Committee (197-203)

Appendix B: Congressional Mandate (204-205)

Appendix C: Statement of Task (206-207)

Appendix D: Repair and Replacement Activities in Selected Industries (208-226)