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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
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APPENDIXES

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
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Appendix A
Acronyms and Abbreviations


AAVLD

American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians

AAVMC

Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges

ABSL

Animal biosafety levels

AFMIC

Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center (DoD)

AI

Avian influenza

AIQ

Agricultural inspection and quarantine

APHIS

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA)

ARS

Agricultural Research Service

AVMA

American Veterinary Medical Association


BANR

Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources

BIA

Bureau of Indian Affairs

BLM

Bureau of Land Management

BSE

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, also mad cow disease

BSL

Biosafety level

BTS

Border and Transportation Security (DHS)


CBP

Bureau of Customs and Border Protection (DHS-BTS)

CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CEAH

Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health (USDA-APHIS-VS)

CFSAN

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (FDA)

COE

Council on Education (AUMA)

CoV

Coronavirus

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×

CSF

Classical swine fever

CSREES

Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA)

CVB

Center for Veterinary Biologics (USDA-APHIS-VS)

CVM

Center for Veterinary Medicine (FDA)

CWD

Chronic wasting disease


DHS

U.S. Department of Homeland Security

DOC

U.S. Department of Commerce

DoD

U.S. Department of Defense

DOI

U.S. Department of the Interior

DOS

U.S. Department of State

DVM

Doctor of Veterinary Medicine


EID

Emerging infectious diseases

EP

Emergency Programs

EPA

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

EM

Electron microscopy

EMS

Emergency medical services

END

Exotic Newcastle disease


FAD

Foreign animal disease

FADDL

Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory

FAO

Food and Agriculture Organization

FAS

Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA)

FBI

Federal Bureau of Investigation

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

FEMA

Federal Emergency Management Agency

FMD

Foot-and-mouth disease

FMDV

Foot-and-mouth disease virus

FSIS

Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA)

FWS

Fish and Wildlife Service (DOI)


GOARN

Global Alert and Response Network


HACCP

Hazard analysis and critical control point

HHS

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

HSPD

Homeland Security Presidential Directive

HS-Centers

University-Based Homeland Security Centers of Excellence


IAIP

Informational Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×

IOM

Institute of Medicine (National Academy of Sciences)

IS

International Services (USDA-APHIS)


LRN

Laboratory Response Network


NAHLN

National Animal Health Laboratory Network

NAVLE

North American Veterinary Licensing Examination

NBII

National Biological Information Infrastructure (USGS)

NCID

National Center for Infectious Diseases (CDC)

NCIE

National Center for Import and Export (USDA-APHIS-VS)

NIH

National Institutes of Health

NMFS

National Marine Fisheries Service (DOC-NOAA)

NOAA

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NPS

National Park Service

NSF

National Science Foundation

NVAP

National Veterinary Accreditation Program (USDA-APHIS-VS)

NVSL

National Veterinary Services Laboratories (USDA-APHIS-VS)

NWHC

National Wildlife Health Center (USGS)


OIE

Office International des Epizooties, also World Organization for Animal Health

OIG

Office of the Inspector General


PCR

Polymerase chain reaction

PEDV

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

PIADC

Plum Island Animal Disease Center (DHS)

POE

Port(s) of entry

PPQ

Plant Protection and Quarantine (USDA-APHIS)

PRRSV

Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus


RT-PCR

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction


SARS

Severe acute respiratory syndrome

SECWDS

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study

S&T

Science and Technology Directorate (DHS)


TGEV

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus

TME

Transmissible mink encephalopathy

TSE

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy


U.K.

United Kingdom

USAHA

U.S. Animal Health Association

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×

USAID

U.S. Agency for International Development

USAMRIID

U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases

USDA

U.S. Department of Agriculture

USGS

U.S. Geological Survey

USTR

U.S. Trade Representative


VMD

Veterinariae Medicinae Doctor (Doctor of Veterinary Medicine)

VPH

Veterinary Public Health (WHO)

VS

Veterinary Services (USDA-APHIS)


WHO

World Health Organization

WNV

West Nile virus

WS

Wildlife Services (USDA-APHIS)

WTO

World Trade Organization

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×
Page 167
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×
Page 168
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×
Page 169
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×
Page 170
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×
Page 171
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 2005. Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11365.
×
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The confirmed case of "mad cow" disease (BSE) in June 2005 illustrates the economic impact of disease outbreaks, as additional countries closed their markets to U.S. beef and beef products. Emerging diseases also threaten public health--11 out of 12 of the major global disease outbreaks over the last decade were from zoonotic agents (that spread from animals to humans).

Animal Health at the Crossroads: Preventing, Detecting, and Diagnosing Animal Diseases finds that, in general, the U.S. animal health framework has been slow to take advantage of state-of-the-art technologies being used now to protect public health; better diagnostic tests for identifying all animal diseases should be made a priority. The report also recommends that the nation establish a high-level, authoritative, and accountable coordinating mechanism to engage and enhance partnerships among local, state, and federal agencies, and the private sector.

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