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Mitigating Shore Erosion Along Sheltered Coasts
used to measure progress toward the goals and criteria. Examples of “criteria for success” are presented in Box 6-2. Guidelines for selecting success criteria are available from U.S. Geological Survey (USGS, 1999), USACE (2002a), and previous National Research Council studies (2003, 2004b, 2005, 2006). Generally, success criteria are measurable, consistent with the purpose and goals of the project, and achievable by the end of a reasonable monitoring period (2-10 years). For example, success criteria in compensatory wetland mitigation projects have included percent canopy cover, percent plant survival, plant vigor, percent of native species, period of inundation, stability of designed hydrologic features, wildlife usage, and plant heights (USACE, 2004).
BOX 6-2
Monitoring Plan
A monitoring plan should include:
Monitoring Methodology—address pre- and post-plan implementation or post-construction, depending on whether the monitoring is site or regional in scale; describe vis-à-vis success criteria; describe sampling methods—number, size, location, analytical tools; mapping/GIS.
Monitoring Schedule—take into consideration the growing season (for vegetation), tidal or hydrology cycle to assess performance at times and intervals (months or years) appropriate to local conditions and the design of the project.
Photos—ground and/or aerial photos taken from the same place (good reference points) every year to allow for interannual comparison.
Reporting requirements and the ramifications of noncompliance.
Adaptive Management—monitoring information is incorporated into ongoing regional or site-level management. There should be procedures in place to modify the project design in the event that the project does not meet the success criteria. Potential problems include loss of physical structures from storms, invasive vegetation, hydrological conditions (too wet/too dry), etc.
Designation of responsible party and transferability of responsibility.
Identification of who will do the monitoring, with a budget and a means to allocate the funds over the monitoring period.
Identification of a site where the data will be archived and made available for analysis (i.e., a data repository).