APPENDIX B
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AC doxorubicin
ACCP Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention
ACS American Cancer Society
ACSU American Cancer Society University
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ASCO American Society of Clinical Oncology
ASCUS atypical cells of uncertain significance
ASH Action on Smoking and Health
BHGI Breast Health Global Initiative
BMI body mass index
CBC complete blood count
CBE clinical breast examination
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CD-ROM compact disc-read only memory
CIN cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
CMF cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil
CML chronic myelogenous leukemia
CRS creditor reporting system
CT computed tomography
CTPR93 Control of Tobacco Products Regulation 1993
CTSU Clinical Trial Service Unit
DALY disability-adjusted life-year
DCIS ductal carcinoma in situ
DES diethylstilbestrol
DIRAC Directory of Radiotherapy Centres
DTP diphtheria, tetanus, polio
DVI direct visual inspection
EC epirubicin and cyclophosphamide
ED Europa Donna
ER estrogen receptor
ESMO European Society for Medical Oncology
FAC 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide
FCTC Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
FDA Food and Drug Administration
GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization
GNI gross national income
GSK GlaxoSmithKline
HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen
HBV hepatitis B virus
HC hybrid capture
HCC hepatocellular carcinoma
HCV hepatitis C virus
HER-2/neu Human epidermal growth factor receptor
HKL Hospital Kuala Lumpur
HINARI Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative
HIV/AIDS human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
HPV human papillomavirus
HSIL high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
HTLV-1 human T lymphotropic virus type 1
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer
IHC immunohistochemistry
ILO International Labor Organization
INCB International Narcotics Control Board
INCTR International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research
INEN Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (National Institute for Neoplastic Illnesses; Lima, Peru)
IOM Institute of Medicine
IOP International Outreach Program
KJ kilojoules
LBC liquid-based cytology
LEEP loop electrosurgical excision procedure
LH-RH luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
LMCs low- and middle-income countries
LSIL low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
MBCC Malaysian Breast Cancer Council
MECC Middle East Cancer Consortium
MIC medical information center
MISPHO Monza International School of Pediatric Oncology
MOH Ministry of Health
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
NCCP National Cancer Control Programme
NCD noncommunicable disease
NCI National Cancer Institute
NCR National Cancer Registry
NGE no global estimate
NGO nongovernmental organizations
NIH National Institutes of Health
NRT nicotine replacement therapy
NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
OC oral contraceptive
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
ORCI Ocean Road Cancer Institute
PACT Programme of Action for Cancer Therapy
PAF population attributable fraction
PATH Program on Appropriate Technology for Health
PCR polymerase chain reaction
PCU pediatric cancer unit
PDA personal digital assistant
PEPFAR President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief
PET positron emission tomography
POND Pediatric Oncology Networked Database
PPSG Pain and Policy Studies Group
PR progesterone receptor
PSA prostate specific antigen
QALY quality-adjusted life-year
RRI Reach to Recovery International
SIOP International Society of Pediatric Oncology
SPECT single photon emission computed tomography
STEPS STEPwise Approach to Surveillance
STI sexually transmitted infection
STM specimen transport medium
TFI Tobacco Free Initiative
TNM tumor, nodes, metastases (cancer staging system)
UICC International Union Against Cancer
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
USAID U.S. Agency for International Development
UV ultraviolet
VIA visual inspection with acetic acid
VILI visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine
YLL years of life lost
WHA World Health Assembly
WHF World Heart Federation
WHO World Health Organization
WHOCC WHO Collaborating Center
WIA Women’s Indian Association (a designation for the Cancer Institute in Chennai)
WiRED World Internet Resources for Education and Development