Questions? Call 800-624-6242 About | Ordering | New Menu | Items in cart [0] SEARCH

PAPERBACK price:$34.75 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Sign in to download PDF book and chapters Free Resources PDF SUMMARY PDF Report Brief PODCAST: Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements [10] mB Display this book on your site! Related Titles Earth Science and Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and Beyond Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research: Part I. Science and Design Other Related Titles Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements (2008) Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (BASC) Citation Manager Export the bibliographic data for this book in your chosen format Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Citation Manager . "References." Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008. Please select a format: Page 107   E-mail Share on facebook Facebook Share on delicious Delicious Share on stumbleupon Stumble Share on twitter Twitter More Sharing ServicesMore The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. References Achard, F., H.D. Eva, H.-J. Stibig, P. Mayaux, J. Gallego, T. Richards, and J.-P. Malingreau. 2002. Determination of deforestation rates of the world’s humid tropical forests. Science 297: 999-1002. Achard, F., H.D. Eva, P. Mayaux, H.-J. Stibig, and A. Belward. 2004. Improved estimates of net carbon emissions from land cover change in the tropics for the 1990s. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18(2): GB2008 10.1029/2003GB002142. ACIA. 2005. Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Alsdorf, D.E., E. Rodriguez, and D.P. Lettenmaier. 2007. Measuring surface water from space. Reviews of Geophysics 45(RG2002) doi: 10.1029/2006RG000197. Amelung, F., D.L. Galloway, J.W. Bell, H.A. Zebker, and R.J. Laczniak. 1999. Sensing the ups and downs of Las Vegas; InSAR reveals structural control of land subsidence and aquifer-system deformation. Geology 27(6): 483-486. Anderson, M.C., W.P. Kustas, and J.M. Norman. 2003. Upscaling and downscaling—a regional view of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Agronomy Journal 95: 1,408-1,423. Andrews, D.G., and M.E. McIntyre. 1976. Planetary waves in horizontal and vertical shear: The generalized Eliassen-Palm relation and the mean zonal acceleration. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 33: 2,031-2,048. Andrews, D.G., J.R. Holton, and C.B. Leovy. 1987. Middle Atmosphere Dynamics. Academic Press, New York. Angert, A., S. Biraud, C. Bonfils, C.C. Henning, W. Buermann, J. Pinzon, C.J. Tucker, and I. Fung. 2005. Drier summers cancel out the CO2 uptake. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102(31) 10,823-10,827. Antoine, D., J.-M. André, and A. Morel. 1996. Oceanic primary production 2. Estimation at global scale from satellite (coastal zone color scanner) chlorophyll. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 10(1): 57-70. Anyamba, A., C.J. Tucker, and R. Mahoney. 2001. From El Niño to La Niña: Vegetation response patterns over east and southern Africa during the 1997-2000 Period. Journal of Climate 15(21): 3,096-3,103. Anyamba, A., and C. Tucker. 2005. Analysis of Sahelian vegetation dynamics using NOAA-AVHRR NDVI data from 1981-2003. Journal of Arid Environments 63: 596-614. Arino, O., and J.M. Rosaz. 1999. 1997 and 1998 World ATSR Fire Atlas Using ERS-2 ATSR-2 Data. L.F. Neuenschwander, K.C. Ryan, and G.E. Golberg, eds. University of Idaho and the International Association of Wildland Fire, Boise. Asner, G.P., and P.M. Vitousek. 2005. Remote analysis of biological invasion and biogeochemical change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102: 4,383-4,386. Asner, G.P., D.E. Knapp, E.N. Broadbent, P.J.C. Oliveira, M. Keller, and J.N. Silva. 2005. Selective logging in the Brazilian Amazon. Science 310: 480-482. Atkinson, D.E., R. Brown, B. Alt, T. Agnew, J. Bourgeois, M. Burgess, C. Duguay, G. Henry, S. Jeffers, R. Koerner, A.G. Lewkowicz, S. McCourt, H. Melling, M. Sharp, S. Smith, A. Walker, K. Wilson, S. Wolfe, M-K. Woo, and K. Young. 2006. Canadian cryospheric response to an anomalous warm summer. Atmosphere-Ocean 44: 347-375. Bader, M.J., G.S. Forbes, J.R. Grant, R.B.E. Lilley, and A.J. Waters, eds. 1995. Images in Weather Forecasting: A Practical Guide for Interpreting Satellite and Radar Imagery. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Barber, R.T., and F.P. Chavez. 1983. Biological consequences of El Niño. Science 222: 1,203-1,210. Barkstrom, B.R. 1984. The Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). American Meteorological Society Bulletin 65: 1,170-1,185. Barnett, T.P., D.W. Pierce, and R. Schnur. 2001. Detection of anthropogenic climate change in the world’s oceans. Science 292: 270-274. Barnett, T.P., J.C. Adam, and D.P. Lettenmaier. 2005. Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions. Nature 438: 303-309. Barrett, E.C., and D.W. Martin. 1981. The Use of Satellite Data in Rainfall Monitoring. Academic Press, New York. Barrie, L.A., W. Bottenheim, R.C. Schnell, P.J. Crutzen, and R.A. Rasmussen. 1988. Ozone destruction and photochemical reactions at polar sunrise in the lower Arctic atmosphere. Nature 334: 138-141. Barros, A.P., G. Kim, E. Williams, and S.W. Nesbitt. 2004. Probing orographic controls in the Himalayas during the monsoon using satellite imagery. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science 29: 29-51. Bartholome, E., and A.S. Belward. 2005. GLC2000: A new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth observation data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 26: 1,959-1,977. Behrenfeld, M.J. and P.G. Falkowski. 1997. A consumer’s guide to phytoplankton primary productivity models. Limnology and Oceanography 42(7): 1,479-1,491. Behrenfeld, M.J., J.T. Randerson, C.R. McClain, G.C. Feldman, S.O. Los, C.J. Tucker, P.G. Falkowski, C.B. Field, R. Frouin, W.E. Esaias, D.D. Kolber, and N.H. Pollack. 2001. Biospheric primary production during an ENSO transition. Science 291: 2,594-2,597. Behrenfeld, M.J., R.T. O’Malley, D.A. Siegel, C.R. McClain, J.L. Sarmiento, G.C. Feldman, A.J. Milligan, P.G. Falkowski, R.M. Letelier, and E.S. Boss. 2006. Climate-driven trends in contemporary ocean productivity. Nature 444: 752-755. Bellouin, N., O. Boucher, J. Haywood, and M.S. Reddy. 2005. Global estimate of aerosol direct radiative forcing from satellite measurements. Nature 438: 1,138-1,141. Page 107 Front Matter (R1-R12) Summary (1-7) 1 Introduction (8-9) 2 Earth Observations from Space: The Early History (10-17) 3 Weather (18-25) 4 Earth's Radiation Budget and the Role of Clouds and Aerosols in the Climate System (26-36) 5 Atmospheric Composition: Ozone Depletion and Global Pollution (37-49) 6 Hydrology (50-57) 7 Cryosphere (58-63) 8 Ocean Dynamics (64-72) 9 Ecosystems and the Carbon Cycle (73-83) 10 Land-Use and Land-Cover Change (84-91) 11 Solid Earth (92-97) 12 Conclusions (98-106) References (107-118) Appendixes (119-120) Appendix A: Examples of Scientific Accomplishments and Relevant Satellite Missions (121-122) Appendix B: Acronyms (123-125) Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff (126-130)

Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.

OCR for page 107
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements References Achard, F., H.D. Eva, H.-J. Stibig, P. Mayaux, J. Gallego, T. Richards, and J.-P. Malingreau. 2002. Determination of deforestation rates of the world’s humid tropical forests. Science 297: 999-1002. Achard, F., H.D. Eva, P. Mayaux, H.-J. Stibig, and A. Belward. 2004. Improved estimates of net carbon emissions from land cover change in the tropics for the 1990s. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18(2): GB2008 10.1029/2003GB002142. ACIA. 2005. Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Alsdorf, D.E., E. Rodriguez, and D.P. Lettenmaier. 2007. Measuring surface water from space. Reviews of Geophysics 45(RG2002) doi: 10.1029/2006RG000197. Amelung, F., D.L. Galloway, J.W. Bell, H.A. Zebker, and R.J. Laczniak. 1999. Sensing the ups and downs of Las Vegas; InSAR reveals structural control of land subsidence and aquifer-system deformation. Geology 27(6): 483-486. Anderson, M.C., W.P. Kustas, and J.M. Norman. 2003. Upscaling and downscaling—a regional view of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Agronomy Journal 95: 1,408-1,423. Andrews, D.G., and M.E. McIntyre. 1976. Planetary waves in horizontal and vertical shear: The generalized Eliassen-Palm relation and the mean zonal acceleration. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 33: 2,031-2,048. Andrews, D.G., J.R. Holton, and C.B. Leovy. 1987. Middle Atmosphere Dynamics. Academic Press, New York. Angert, A., S. Biraud, C. Bonfils, C.C. Henning, W. Buermann, J. Pinzon, C.J. Tucker, and I. Fung. 2005. Drier summers cancel out the CO2 uptake. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102(31) 10,823-10,827. Antoine, D., J.-M. André, and A. Morel. 1996. Oceanic primary production 2. Estimation at global scale from satellite (coastal zone color scanner) chlorophyll. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 10(1): 57-70. Anyamba, A., C.J. Tucker, and R. Mahoney. 2001. From El Niño to La Niña: Vegetation response patterns over east and southern Africa during the 1997-2000 Period. Journal of Climate 15(21): 3,096-3,103. Anyamba, A., and C. Tucker. 2005. Analysis of Sahelian vegetation dynamics using NOAA-AVHRR NDVI data from 1981-2003. Journal of Arid Environments 63: 596-614. Arino, O., and J.M. Rosaz. 1999. 1997 and 1998 World ATSR Fire Atlas Using ERS-2 ATSR-2 Data. L.F. Neuenschwander, K.C. Ryan, and G.E. Golberg, eds. University of Idaho and the International Association of Wildland Fire, Boise. Asner, G.P., and P.M. Vitousek. 2005. Remote analysis of biological invasion and biogeochemical change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102: 4,383-4,386. Asner, G.P., D.E. Knapp, E.N. Broadbent, P.J.C. Oliveira, M. Keller, and J.N. Silva. 2005. Selective logging in the Brazilian Amazon. Science 310: 480-482. Atkinson, D.E., R. Brown, B. Alt, T. Agnew, J. Bourgeois, M. Burgess, C. Duguay, G. Henry, S. Jeffers, R. Koerner, A.G. Lewkowicz, S. McCourt, H. Melling, M. Sharp, S. Smith, A. Walker, K. Wilson, S. Wolfe, M-K. Woo, and K. Young. 2006. Canadian cryospheric response to an anomalous warm summer. Atmosphere-Ocean 44: 347-375. Bader, M.J., G.S. Forbes, J.R. Grant, R.B.E. Lilley, and A.J. Waters, eds. 1995. Images in Weather Forecasting: A Practical Guide for Interpreting Satellite and Radar Imagery. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Barber, R.T., and F.P. Chavez. 1983. Biological consequences of El Niño. Science 222: 1,203-1,210. Barkstrom, B.R. 1984. The Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). American Meteorological Society Bulletin 65: 1,170-1,185. Barnett, T.P., D.W. Pierce, and R. Schnur. 2001. Detection of anthropogenic climate change in the world’s oceans. Science 292: 270-274. Barnett, T.P., J.C. Adam, and D.P. Lettenmaier. 2005. Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions. Nature 438: 303-309. Barrett, E.C., and D.W. Martin. 1981. The Use of Satellite Data in Rainfall Monitoring. Academic Press, New York. Barrie, L.A., W. Bottenheim, R.C. Schnell, P.J. Crutzen, and R.A. Rasmussen. 1988. Ozone destruction and photochemical reactions at polar sunrise in the lower Arctic atmosphere. Nature 334: 138-141. Barros, A.P., G. Kim, E. Williams, and S.W. Nesbitt. 2004. Probing orographic controls in the Himalayas during the monsoon using satellite imagery. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science 29: 29-51. Bartholome, E., and A.S. Belward. 2005. GLC2000: A new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth observation data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 26: 1,959-1,977. Behrenfeld, M.J. and P.G. Falkowski. 1997. A consumer’s guide to phytoplankton primary productivity models. Limnology and Oceanography 42(7): 1,479-1,491. Behrenfeld, M.J., J.T. Randerson, C.R. McClain, G.C. Feldman, S.O. Los, C.J. Tucker, P.G. Falkowski, C.B. Field, R. Frouin, W.E. Esaias, D.D. Kolber, and N.H. Pollack. 2001. Biospheric primary production during an ENSO transition. Science 291: 2,594-2,597. Behrenfeld, M.J., R.T. O’Malley, D.A. Siegel, C.R. McClain, J.L. Sarmiento, G.C. Feldman, A.J. Milligan, P.G. Falkowski, R.M. Letelier, and E.S. Boss. 2006. Climate-driven trends in contemporary ocean productivity. Nature 444: 752-755. Bellouin, N., O. Boucher, J. Haywood, and M.S. Reddy. 2005. Global estimate of aerosol direct radiative forcing from satellite measurements. Nature 438: 1,138-1,141.

OCR for page 108
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Bindschadler, R., P. Vornberger, D.D. Blankenship, T. Scambos, and R. Jacobel. 1996. Surface velocity and mass balance of Ice Streams D and E, West Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology 42(142): 461-475. Bindschadler, R. and P. Vornberger. 1998. Changes in the west Antarctic ice sheet since 1963 from declassified satellite photography. Science 279(5,351): 689-692. Blake, E.S., J.D. Jarrell, E.N. Rappaport, and C.W. Landsea. 2006. The Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones from 1851 to 2005. NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS TPC-4. Available at http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/Deadliest_Costliest.shtml. Accessed September 24, 2007. Boccippio, D.J., W. Koshak, R. Blakeslee, K. Driscoll, D. Mach, D. Buechler, W. Boeck, H.J. Christian, and S.J. Goodman. 2000. The Optical Transient Detector (OTD): Instrument characteristics and cross-sensor validation. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 17: 441-458. Brewer, A.W. 1949. Evidence for a world circulation provided by the measurements of helium and water vapor distribution in the stratosphere. Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society 75: 351-363. Brink, K.H., and T.J. Cowles. 1991. The coastal transition zone program. Journal of Geophysical Research 96(C8): 14,637-14,647. Butler, M.J.A., M.-C. Mouchot, V. Barale, and C. LeBlanc. 1988. The application of remote sensing technology to marine fisheries: An introductory manual. FAO Fisheries Techchnical Paper 295. Cabanes, C., A. Cazenave, and C. Le Provost. 2001. Sea level rise during past 40 years as determined from satellite and in situ observations. Science 294: 840-842. Cane, M.A. 1984. Modeling sea level during El Niño. Journal of Physical Oceanography 14: 1,864–1,874. Cane, M.A., A.C. Clement, A. Kaplan, Y. Kushnir, D. Pozdnyakov, R. Seager, S.E. Zebiak, and R. Murtugudde. 1997. Twentieth-century sea surface temperature trends. Science 275: 957-960. Cardille, J.A., J.A. Foley, and M.H. Costa. 2002. Characterizing patterns of agricultural land use in Amazonia by merging satellite classifications and census data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 16: 1045, doi:10.1029/2000GB001386. Carn, S.A., L.L. Strow, S. de Souza-Machado, Y. Edmonds, and S. Hannon. 2005. Quantifying tropospheric volcanic emissions with AIRS: The 2002 eruption of Mt. Etna (Italy). Geophysical Research Letters 32: L02301, doi:10.1029/2004GL021034. Carneggie, D.M., S.D. deGloria, and R.N. Colwell. 1974. Usefulness of ERTS-1 and supporting aircraft data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California’s annual grassland. BLM Final Report 53500-CT3-266 (N). Cartwright D.E, and G.A. Alcock. 1983. Altimeter measurements of ocean topography. Pp. 309-319 in Satellite Microwave Remote Sensing. T. Allan, ed. Ellis Horwood, Chichester, England. CCSP (Climate Change Science Program). 2003. (Our Changing Planet.) Available at http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/Library/ocp2003.pdf. Accessed September 27, 2007. Chahine, M.T. 1968. Determination of the temperature profile of an atmosphere from its outgoing radiance. Journal of the Optical Society of America 58: 1,634-1,637. Chahine, M.T., T.S. Pagano, H.H. Aumann, R. Atlas, C. Barnet, J. Blaisdell, L. Chen, M. Divakarla, E.J. Fetzer, M. Goldberg, C. Gautier, S. Granger, S. Hannon, F.W. Irion, R. Kakar, E. Kalnay, B.H. Lambrigtsen, S. Lee, J. Le Marshall, W.W. McMillan, L. McMillin, E.T. Olsen, H. Revercomb, P. Rosenkranz, W.L. Smith, D. Staelin, L.L. Strow, J. Susskind, D. Tobin, W. Wolf, and L. Zhou. 2006. AIRS: Improving weather forecasting and providing new data on greenhouse gases. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 87: 911-926. Chance, K., P.I. Palmer, R.J.D. Spurr, R.V. Martin, T.P. Kurosu, and D.J. Jacob. 2000. Satellite observations of formaldehyde over North America from GOME. Geophysical Research Letters 27(21): 3,461-3,464. Chandra, S., J.R. Ziemke, W. Min, and W.G. Read. 1998. Effects of 1997-1998 El Niño on tropospheric ozone and water vapor. Geophysical Research Letters 25: 3,867-3,870. Chandra, S., J.R. Ziemke, and R.V. Martin. 2003. Tropospheric ozone at tropical and middle latitudes derived from TOMS/MLS residual: Comparison with a global model. Journal of Geophysical Research 108(D9): 4291, doi:10.1029/2002JD002912. Chapin, F.S. III, A.J. Bloom, C.B. Field, and R.H. Waring. 1987. Plant responses to multiple environmental factors. Bioscience 37(1): 49-57. Chapman, S. 1930. Wind mixing and diffusion in the upper atmosphere. Physical Review 36: 1,014-1,015. Chatfield, R.B., H. Guan, A.M. Thompson, and J.C. Witte. 2004. Convective lofting links Indian Ocean air pollution to paradoxical South Atlantic ozone maxima. Geophysical Research Letters 31: L06103, doi:10.1029/2003GL018866. Chatters, G.C., and V.E. Suomi. 1975. The applications of McIDAS. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience Electronics GE-13(3): 137-146. Chelton, D.B., and M.G. Schlax. 1996. Global observations of oceanic Rossby waves. Science 272(5259): 234-238. Chelton, D.B., M.G. Schlax, M.H. Freilich, and R.F. Milliff. 2004. Satellite measurements reveal persistent small-scale features in ocean winds. Science 303: 978-983. Chelton, D.B., M.H. Freilich, J.M. Sienkiewicz, and J.M. Von Ahn. 2006. On the use of QuikSCAT scatterometer measurements of surface winds for marine weather prediction. Monthly Weather Review 134: 2,055-2,071. Chelton, D.B., M.G. Schlax, and R.M. Samelson. 2007a. Summertime coupling between sea surface temperature and wind stress in the California current system. Journal of Physical Oceanography 37: 495-517. Chelton, D.B., M.G. Schlax, R.M. Samelson, and R.A. de Szoeke. 2007b. Global observations of large oceanic eddies. Geophysical Research Letters 34: L15606, doi:10.1029/2007GL030812. Chen, J.L., C.R. Wilson, D.D. Blankenship, and B.D. Tapley. 2006a. Antarctic mass rates from GRACE. Geophysical Research Letters 33: L11502, doi:10.1029/2006GL026369. Chen, J.L., C.R. Wilson, D.D. Blankenship, and B.D. Tapley. 2006b. Satellite gravity measurements confirm accelerated melting of Greenland ice sheet. Science 313 (5,795): 1,958-1,960. Chen, T., W.B. Rossow, and Y. Zhang. 2000. Radiative effects of cloud-type variations. Journal of Climate 13: 264-286. Chomentowski, W., B. Salas, and D.L. Skole. 1994. Landsat Pathfinder project advances deforestation mapping. GIS World 7: 34-38. Christian, H., R. Blakeslee, and S. Goodman. 1989. The detection of lightning from geostationary orbit. Journal of Geophysical Research 94: 13,329-13,337. Chu, D.A., Y.J. Kaufman, C. Ichoku, L.A. Remer, D. Tanre, and B.N. Holben. 2002. Validation of MODIS aerosol optical depth retrieval over land. Geophysical Research Letters 29(12): 8007, doi:10.1029/2001GL013205. Cicerone, R.J., R.S. Stolarski, and S. Walters. 1974. Stratospheric ozone destruction by man-made chlorofluoromethanes. Science 185(4,157): 1,165-1,167 Clark, D.K. 1981. Phytoplankton pigment algorithms for the Nimbus-7 CZCS. In Oceanography from Space, J.F.R. Gower, ed. Plenum Press, New York. Cline, D.W., R.C. Bales, and J. Dozier. 1998. Estimating the spatial distribution of snow in mountain basins using remote sensing and energy balance modeling. Water Resources Research 34(5): 1,275-1,285. Coakley, J.A.J., R.L. Bernstein, and P.A. Durkee. 1987. Effect of ship track effluents on cloud reflectivity. Science 237: 1020-1022. Coale, K.H., K.S. Johnson, F.P. Chavez, K.O. Buesseler, R.T. Barber, M.A. Brzezinski, W.P. Cochlan, F.J. Millero, P.G. Falkowski, J.E. Bauer, R.H. Wanninkhof, R.M. Kudela, M.A. Altabet, B.E. Hales, T. Takahashi, M.R. Landry, R.R. Bidigare, X. Wang, Z. Chase, P.G. Strutton, G.E. Friederich, M.Y. Gorbunov, V.P. Lance, A.K. Hilting, M.R. Hiscock, M. Demarest, W.T. Hiscock, K.F. Sullivan, S.J. Tanner, R.M. Gordon, C.N. Hunter, V.A. Elrod, S.E. Fitzwater, J.L. Jones, S. Tozzi, M. Koblizek, A.E. Roberts, J. Herndon, J. Brewster, N. Ladizinsky, G. Smith, D. Cooper, D. Timothy, S.L. Brown, K.E. Selph, C.C. Sheridan, B.S. Twining, and Z.I. Johnson. 2004. Southern Ocean iron enrich-

OCR for page 109
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements ment experiment: Carbon cycling in high- and low-Si waters. Science 304(5,669): 408-414. Cohen, J., and D. Entekhabi. 1999. Eurasian snow cover variability and Northern Hemisphere climate predictability. Geophysical Research Letters 26(3): 345-348. Comiso, J.C. 2002. A rapidly declining perennial sea ice cover in the Arctic. Geophysical Research Letters 29(20): 1956, doi: 10.1029/2002GL015650. Connors, V.S., B.B. Gormsen, S. Nolf, and H.G. Reichle, Jr. 1999. Spaceborne observations of the global distribution of carbon monoxide in the middle troposphere during April and October 1994. Journal of Geophysical Research 104: 21,455- 21,470. Conover, J. 1966. Anomalous cloud lines. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 23: 778-785. Considine, T.J., C. Jablonowski, B. Posner, and C.H. Bishop. 2004. The value of hurricane forecasts to oil and gas producers in the Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Applied Meteorology 43: 1,270-1,281. Craig, R.A. 1965. The Upper Atmosphere. Academic Press, New York. CRS (Congressional Research Service). 1990. Mission to Planet Earth and the U.S. Global Change Research Program. CRS, Washington, D.C. Crutzen, P.J. 1970. The influence of nitrogen oxides on the atmospheric ozone content. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 96: 320-325. Darwin, G.H. 1886. On the dynamical theory of the tides of long period. Proceedings of the Royal Society A 41: 319-336. DECARP (Desert Encroachment Control and Rehabilitation Programme). 1976. Sudan’s Desert Encroachment Control and Rehabilitation Programme. The General Administration for Natural Resources, Ministry of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources and The Agricultural Research Council, National Council for Research in coll. with UNEP, UNDP and FAO, 227 pp. Deeter, M.N., L.K. Emmons, G.L. Francis, D.P. Edwards, J.C. Gille, J.X. Warner, B. Khattatov, D. Ziskin, J.-F. Lamarque, S.-P. Ho, V. Yudin, J.-L. Attié, D. Packman, J. Chen, D. Mao, and J.R. Drummond. 2003. Operational carbon monoxide retrieval algorithm and selected results for the MOPITT instrument. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 108(D14): 4399, doi:10.1029/2002JD003186. DeFries, R.S., and J.R.G. Townshend. 1994a. Global land cover: Comparison of ground-based data sets to classifications with AVHRR data. Pp. 84-110 in Environmental Remote Sensing from Regional to Global Scales, G.F.A.R. Curran, ed. John Wiley, New York. DeFries, R.S., and J.R.G. Townshend. 1994b. NDVI-derived land cover classification at a global scale. International Journal of Remote Sensing 15: 3,567-3,586. DeFries, R.S., M. Hansen, J.R.G. Townshend, and R. Sohlberg. 1998. Global land cover classifications at 8km spatial resolution: The use of training data derived from Landsat imagery in decision tree classifiers. International Journal of Remote Sensing 19: 3141-3168. DeFries, R.S., C.B. Field, I. Fung, G.J. Collatz, and L. Bounoua. 1999. Combining satellite data and biogeochemical models to estimate global effects of human-induced land cover change on carbon emissions and primary productivity. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 13: 803-815. DeFries, R.S., and F. Achard. 2002. New estimates of tropical deforestation and terrestrial carbon fluxes: Results of two complementary studies. Land-Use and Land-Cover Change Newsletter 8: 7-9. DeFries, R.S., R. A. Houghton, M. C. Hansen, C. B. Field, D. Skole, and J. Townshend. 2002. Carbon emissions from tropical deforestation and regrowth based on satellite observations for the 1980s and 1990s. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 99: 14,256-14,261. Demuth, J.L., M. DeMaria, J.A. Knaff, and T.H. Vonder Haar. 2000. An objective method for estimating tropical cyclone intensity and structure from NOAA-15 Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) data. 24th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, Ft. Lauderdale, 29 May - 2 June 2000. Demuth, J.L., M. DeMaria, J.A. Knaff, and T.H. Vonder Haar. 2004. Evaluation of advanced microwave sounding unit tropical-cyclone intensity and size estimation algorithms. Journal of Applied Meteorology 43: 282-296. Dessler, A.E., and K. Minschwaner. 2007. An analysis of the regulation of tropical tropospheric water vapor. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: D10120, doi:10.1029/2006JD007683. Diner, D.J., B.H. Braswell, R. Davies, N. Gobron, J.N. Hu, Y.F. Jin, R.A. Kahn, Y. Knyazikhin, N. Loeb, J.P. Muller, A.W. Nolin, B. Pinty, C.B. Schaaf, G. Seiz, and J. Stroeve. 2005. The value of multiangle measurements for retrieving structurally and radiatively consistent properties of clouds, aerosols, and surfaces. Remote Sensing of the Environment 97: 495-518. Dobson, G.M.B. 1956. Origin and distribution of the polyatomic molecules in the atmosphere. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 236: 187-193. Dozier, J., and T.H. Painter. 2004. Multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing of alpine snow properties. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 32: 465-494. Dubovik, O., A. Smirnov, B.N. Holben, M.D. King, Y.J. Kaufman, T.F. Eck, and I. Slutsker. 2000. Accuracy assessments of aerosol optical properties retrieved from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sun and sky radiance measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 105: 9,791-9,806. Ducet, N., P.Y. Le Traon, and G. Reverdin. 2000. Global high-resolution mapping of ocean circulation from the combination of T/P and ERS-1/2. Journal of Geophysical Research 105: 19,477-19,498. Duncan, B.N., R.V. Martin, A.C. Staudt, R. Yevich, and J.A. Logan. 2003. Interannual and seasonal variability of biomass burning emissions constrained by satellite observations. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 108: doi:10.1029/2002JD002378. Durre, I., R.S. Vose, and D.B. Wuertz. 2006. Overview of the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive. Journal of Climate 19: 53-68. Dvorak, V.F. 1975. Tropical cyclone intensity analysis and forecasting from satellite imagery. Monthly Weather Review 103: 420-430. Dwyer, E., S. Pinnock, J.-M. Grégoire, and J.M.C. Pereira. 2000. Global spatial and temporal distribution of vegetation fire as determined from satellite observations. International Journal of Remote Sensing 21: 1,289-1,302. Edwards, D.P., J.F. Lamarque, J.L. Attié, L.K. Emmons, A. Richter, J.P. Cammas, J.C. Gille, G.L. Francis, M.N. Deeter, J. Warner, D.C. Ziskin, L.V. Lyjak, J.R. Drummond, and J.P. Burrows. 2003. Tropospheric ozone over the tropical Atlantic: A satellite perspective. Journal of Geophysical Research 108(D8): 4,237, doi:10.1029/2002JD002927. Edwards, D.P., L.K. Emmons, J.C. Gille, A. Chu, J.L. Attie, L. Giglio, S.W. Wood, J. Haywood, M.N. Deeter, S.T. Massie, D.C. Ziskin, and J.R. Drummond. 2006. Satellite-observed pollution from Southern Hemisphere biomass burning. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: D14312, doi:10.1029/2005JD006655. Egbert, G.D., and R.D. Ray. 2000. Significant dissipation of tidal energy in the deep ocean inferred from satellite altimeter data. Nature 405: 775-778. Eisinger, M., and J.P. Burrows. 1998. Tropospheric sulfur dioxide observed by the ERS-2 GOME instrument. Geophysical Research Letters 25: 4,177-4,180. Ellrod, G. 1989. A Decision Tree Approach to Clear Air Turbulence Analysis Using Satellite and Upper Air Data. NOAA Technical Memorandum NESDIS 23. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington D.C. ESA (European Space Agency). 1993. ERS -1 User Handbook, Paris. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2001. FRA 2000: Pan-Tropical Survey of Forest Cover Changes 1980-2000. FRA Working Paper No. 49. FAO, Rome. Farman, J.C., B.G. Gardiner, and J.D. Shanklin. 1985. Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction. Nature 315: 207-210.

OCR for page 110
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Farr, T.G., P.A. Rosen, E. Caro, R. Crippen, R. Duren, S. Hensley, M. Kobrick, M. Paller, E. Rodriguez, L. Roth, D. Seal, S. Shaffer, J. Shimada, J. Umland, M. Werner, M. Oskin, D. Burbank, and D. Alsdorf. 2007. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. Reviews of Geophysics 45: RG2004, doi:10.1029/2005RG000183. Feddema, J.J., K.W. Oleson, G.B. Bonan, L.O. Mearns, L.E. Buja, G.A. Meehl, and W.M. Washington. 2005. The importance of land-cover change in simulating future climates. Science 310: 1,674-1,678. Fekete, B.M., C.J. Vörösmarty, J. Roads, and C. Willmott. 2004. Uncertainties in precipitation and their impacts on runoff estimates. Journal of Climate 17: 294-304. Fialko, Y., D. Sandwell, D. Agnew, M. Simons, P. Shearer, and B. Minster. 2002. Deformation on nearby faults induced by the 1999 Hector Mine earthquake. Science 297(5,588): 1,858-1,862. Fiedler, P.C., and R.M. Laurs. 1990. Variability of the Columbia River plume observed in visible and infrared satellite imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing 11: 999–1010. Field, C.B., J.T. Randerson, and C.M. Malmstrom. 1995. Global net primary production: Combining ecology and remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment 51: 74-88. Field, C.B., M.J. Behrenfeld, J.T. Randerson, and P. Falkowski. 1998. Primary production of the biosphere: Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components. Science 281: 237-240. Fishman, J., and J.C. Larsen. 1987. Distribution of total ozone and stratospheric ozone in the tropics: Implications for the distribution of tropospheric ozone. Journal of Geophysical Research 92: 6,627-6,634. Fishman, J., K. Fakhruzzaman, B. Cros, and D. Nganga. 1991. Identification of widespread pollution in the Southern Hemisphere deduced from satellite analyses. Science 252: 1,963-1,696. Fishman, J., A.M. Thompson, R.D. Diab, G.E. Bodeker, M. Zunckel, G.J.R. Coetzee, C.B. Archer, D.P. McNamara, K.E. Pickering, J. Combrink, J. Fishman, and D. Nganga. 1996. Ozone over southern Africa during SAFARI-92/TRACE A. Journal of Geophysical Research 101(D19): 23,793-23,808. Fishman, J., A.E. Wozniak, and J.K. Creilson. 2003. Global distribution of tropospheric ozone from satellite measurements using the empirically corrected tropospheric ozone residual technique: Identification of the regional aspects of air pollution. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Journal 3: 893-907. Fishman, J., J.K. Creilson, A.E. Wozniak, and P.J. Crutzen. 2005. Interannual variability of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone determined from satellite measurements, Journal of Geophysical Research 110: D20306, doi:10.1029/2005JD005868. Flanner, M.G., and C.S. Zender. 2006. Linking snowpack microphysics and albedo evolution. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: D12208, doi:10.1029/2005JD006834. Foley, J.A., and N. Ramankutty. 2004. A primer on the terrestrial carbon cycle: What we don’t know but should. Pp. 279-294 in The Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Humans, Climate, and the Natural World, vol. 62, C.B. Field and M.R. Raupach, eds. Island Press, Washington, D.C. Foley, J.A., R. DeFries, G.P. Asner, C. Barford, G. Bonan, S.R. Carpenter, F.S. Chapin, M.T. Coe, G.C. Daily, H.K. Gibbs, J.H. Helkowski, T. Holloway, E.A. Howard, C.J. Kucharik, C. Monfreda, J.A. Patz, I.C. Prentice, N. Ramankutty, and P.K. Snyder. 2005. Global consequences of land use. Science 309: 570-574. Folkins, I., and R.V. Martin. 2005. The vertical structure of tropical convection, and its impact on the budgets of water vapor and ozone. Journal of Atmospheric Science 62: 1,560-1,573. Fox, J. 2003. People and the Environment: Approaches for Linking Household and Community Surveys to Remote Sensing and GIS. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. Frei, A., and D.A. Robinson. 1999. Northern Hemisphere snow extent: Regional variability 1972-1994. International Journal of Climatology 19(14): 1,535-1,560. Friedl, M.A., D.K. McIver, J.C.F. Hodges, X.Y. Zhang, D. Muchoney, A.H. Strahler, C.E. Woodcock, S. Gopal, A. Schneider, A. Cooper, A. Baccini, F. Gao, and C. Schaaf. 2002. Global land cover mapping from MODIS: Algorithms and early results. Remote Sensing of Environment 83: 287-302. Friedler, P.C. 1984. Satellite observations of the 1982-1983 El Niño along the US Pacific Coast. Science 224: 1,251-1,254. Friedman, L.D. 2006. Remembering James Van Allen. Planetary News. Available at http://www.planetary.org/news/2006/0810_Remembering_James_Van_Allen.html. Accessed April 20, 2007. Frohlich, C., and J. Lean. 2004. Solar radiative output and its variability: Evidence and mechanisms. Astronomy and Astrophysics Review 12: 273-320. Frolking, S., J.J. Qiu, S. Boles, X.M. Xiao, J.Y. Liu, Y.H. Zhuang, C.S. Li, and X.G. Qin. 2002. Combining remote sensing and ground census data to develop new maps of the distribution of rice agriculture in China. Global Geochemical Cycle 6(4): 1091, doi:10.1029/2001GB001425. Fu, L.L., and D. Chelton. 2001. Large scale ocean circulation. In Satellite Altimetry and Earth Sciences, L.L. Fu and A. Cazenave, eds. Academic Press, New York. Fuglister, F.C., and L.V. Worthington. 1951. Some results of a multiple ship survey of the Gulf Stream. Tellus 3: 1-14. Fujita, T.T. 1978. Manual of downburst identification for project NIMROD. Research Paper No. 156. University of Chicago, Department of Geophysical Sciences. Fung, I. 1986. Analysis of the seasonal and geographic patterns of atmospheric CO2 distributions with a 3-D tracer model. In The Changing Carbon Cycle: A Global Analysis, J.R. Trabalka and D.E. Reichle, eds. Springer-Verlag, New York. Fung, I.Y., C.J. Tucker, and K.C. Prentice. 1987. Application of advanced very high-resolution radiometer vegetation index to study atmospherebiosphere exchange of CO2. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 92(D3): 2,999-3,015. Gamon, J.A., J. Peñuelas, and C.B. Field. 1992. A narrow-waveband spectral index that tracks diurnal changes in photosynthetic efficiency. Remote Sensing of Environment 41(1): 35-44. Gao, B.-C., and A.F.H. Goetz. 1995. Retrieval of equivalent water thickness and information related to biochemical components of vegetation canopies from AVIRIS data. Remote Sensing of Environment 52: 155-162. Gaposchkin, E.M., and K. Lambeck. 1971. Earth’s gravity field to the sixteenth degree and station coordinates from satellite and terrestrial data (Earth gravity field and satellite tracking stations positions geodetic parameters in geocentric reference frame). Journal of Geophysical Research 76: 4,855-4,883. Garrett, C. 2003. Internal tides and ocean mixing. Science 301: 1,858-1,859. Genrich, J.F., and Y. Bock. 2006. Instantaneous geodetic positioning with 10-50 Hz GPS measurements: Noise characteristics and implications for monitoring networks. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: B03403. Gettelman, A., W.J. Randel, F. Wu, and S.T. Massie. 2002. Transport of water vapor in the tropical tropopause layer. Geophysical Research Letters 29(1): 1009, doi:10.1029/2001GL013818. Gille, J.C., and F.B. House. 1971. On the inversion of limb radiance measurements I: Temperature and thickness. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 28(8): 1,427-1,442 Goody, R.M. 1954. The Physics of the Stratosphere. Cambridge University Press, New York City. Goody, R. 1982. Global Change: Impacts on Habitability. Report by the executive committee of a workshop held at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, June 16-21, 1982. JPL D-95. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena. Gordon, H.R., D.K. Clark, J.L. Mueller, and W.A. Hovis. 1980. Phytoplankton pigments from the Nimbus-7 coastal zone color scanner: Comparisons with surface measurements. Science 210: 63-66.

OCR for page 111
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Gordon, H.R., and A. Morel. 1983. Remote Assessment of Ocean Color for Interpretation of Satellite Visible Imagery. Springer-Verlag, New York. Hager, B.H. 1984. Subducted slabs and the geoid: Constraints on mantle rheology and flow. Journal of Geophysical Research 89: 6,003-6,016. Hagfors, T., and K. Schlegel. 2001. Earth’s ionosphere. In The Century of Space Science, J.A.M. Bleeker, J. Geiss, and M.H. Dordrecht, eds. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York. Hall, D.K., G.A. Riggs, V.V. Salomonson, N. DiGiromamo, and K.J. Bayr. 2002. MODIS snow-cover products. Remote Sensing of Environment 83(1-2): 181-194. Hansen, J., A. Lacis, R. Ruedy, and M. Sato. 1992. Potential climate impact of the Mount Pinatubo eruption. Geophysical Research Letters 19: 215-218. Hansen, J., L. Nazarenko, R. Ruedy, M. Sato, J. Willis, A. Del Genio, D. Koch, A. Lacis, K. Lo, S. Menon, T. Novakov, J. Perlwitz, G. Russell, G.A. Schmidt, and N. Tausnev. 2005. Earth’s energy imbalance: Confirmation and implications. Science 308 (5,727): 1,431-1,435. Hansen, M.C., R.S. DeFries, J.R.G. Townshend, and R. Sohlberg. 2000. Global land cover classification at 1 km spatial resolution using a decision tree classifier. International Journal of Remote Sensing 21: 1,331-1,365. Hansen, M.C., and R.S. DeFries. 2004. Detecting long-term global forest change using continuous fields of tree-cover maps from 8-km Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data for the years 1982-1999. Ecosystems 7: 695-717. Harris, G.W., F.G. Wienhold, and T. Zenker. 1996. Airborne observations of strong biogenic NOx emissions from the Namibian Savanna at the end of the dry season. Journal of Geophysical Research 101(D19): 23,707-23,712. Harrison, E.F., P. Minnis, B.R. Barkstrom, V. Ramanathan, R.D. Cess, and G.G. Gibson. 1990. Seasonal variation of cloud radiative forcing derived from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research 95: 18,687-18,703. Hartmann, D.L., M.E. Ockert-Bell, and M.L. Michelsen. 1992. The effect of cloud type on Earth’s energy—balance—global analysis. Journal of Climate 5: 1,281-1,304. Heiman, M., and C.D. Keeling. 1986. Meridional eddy diffusing model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide. 1. The seasonal carbon cycle over the tropical Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 91: 7,765-7,781. Herman, J.R., P.K. Bhartia, O. Torres, C. Hsu, C. Seftor, and E. Celarier. 1997. Global distribution of UV-absorbing aerosols from Nimbus 7/TOMS data. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 102: 16,911-16,922. Hickey, J.R., F. House, H. Jacobowitz, R.H. Maschhoff, P. Pellegrino, L.L. Stowe, and T.H. Vonder Haar. 1980. Initial solar irradiance determination from Nimbus 7 cavity radiometer measurements. Science (Reports) 208: 281-283. Hilley, G.E., R. Bürgmann, A. Ferretti, F. Novali, and F. Rocca. 2004. Dynamics of slow-moving landslides from permanent scatterer analysis. Science 304(5679):1952-1955. Hirota, I., and J.J. Barnett. 1977. Planetary waves in the winter mesosphere—preliminary analysis of Nimbus 6 PMR results. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 103: 487-498. Hoffmann, J., D.L. Galloway, and H.A. Zebker. 2003. Inverse modeling of interbed storage parameters using land subsidence observations, Antelope Valley, California. Water Resources Research 39(2): 1,031, doi:10.1029/2001WR001252. Holben, B.N., T.F. Eck, I. Slutsker, D. Tanre, J.P. Buis, A. Setzer, E. Vermote, J.A. Reagan, Y.J. Kaufman, T. Nakajima, F. Lavenu, I. Jankowiak, and A. Smirnov. 1998. AERONET—A federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization. Remote Sensing of Environment 66: 1-16. Holland, M.M., and C.M. Bitz. 2003. Polar amplification of climate change in coupled models. Climate Dynamics 21(3-4): 221-232. Hollwedel, J., M. Wenig, S. Beirle, S. Kraus, S. Kühl, W. Wilms-Grasse, U. Platt, and T. Wagner. 2004. Year-to-year variations of spring time polar tropospheric BrO as seen by GOME. Advances in Space Research 34: 304-308. Hooper, B., L. Murray, and C. Gibson-Poole, (eds.). 2005. The Latrobe Valley CO2 Storage Assessment. Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies, Canberra. CO2CRC Publication No RPT05-0220. Houghton, J.T. 1984. Remote Sounding of Atmospheres, J.T. Houghton, F.W. Taylor, and C.D. Rodgers, eds. Cambridge University Press, New York. Houghton, R.A. 2003. Why are estimates of the terrestrial carbon balance so different? Global Change Biology 9: 500-509. House, F.B., A. Gruber, G.E. Hunt, and A.T. Mecherikunnel. 1986. History of satellite missions and measurements of the Earth radiation budget (1957-1984). Review of Geophysics 24: 357-377. Hubert, L.F., and O. Berg. 1955. A rocket portrait of a tropical storm. Monthly Weather Review 83(6): 119-124. Hubert, L.F., and L.F. Whitney, Jr. 1971. Wind estimation from geostationary-satellite pictures. Monthly Weather Review 99: 665-672. Hunt, B.G., and S. Manabe. 1968. An investigation of thermal tidal oscillations in the Earth’s atmosphere using a general circulation model. Monthly Weather Review 96(11): 753-766. Hurrell J.W., and J.W. Trenberth. 1999. Global sea surface temperature analyses: Multiple problems and their implications for climate analysis, modeling and reanalysis. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 80(12): 2,661-2,678. Hurtt, G.C., L. Rosentrater, S. Frolking, and B. Moore. 2001. Linking remote-sensing estimates of land cover and census statistics on land use to produce maps of land use of the conterminous United States. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15: 673-685. Husar, R.B., J.M. Prospero, and L.L. Stowe. 1997. Characterization of tropospheric aerosols over the oceans with the NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer optical thickness operational product. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 102: 16,889-16,909. Hutchison, C. 1998. Social science and remote sensing in famine early warning. Pp. 189-196, in People and Pixels: Linking Remote Sensing and Social Science, D. Liverman, E. Moran, R. Rindfuss, and P. Stern eds. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. Iaffaldano, G., H.-P. Bunge, and T. H. Dixon. 2006. Feedback between mountain belt growth and plate convergence. Geology 34(10): 893-896. Inamdar, A.K., and V. Ramanathan. 1998. Tropical and global scale interactions among water vapor, atmospheric greenhouse effect, and surface temperature. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 103: 32,177-32,194. Isern-Fontanet, J., E. Garcia-Ladona, and J. Font. 2003. Identification of marine eddies 13 from altimetric maps. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technologies 20: 772-778. Isern-Fontanet, J., E. Garcia-Ladona, and J. Font. 2006. Vortices of the Mediterranean Sea: An altimetric perspective. Journal of Physical Oceanography 36: 87-103. Jacob, D.J., B.G. Heikes, S.-M. Fan, J.A. Logan, D.L. Mauzerall, J.D. Bradshaw, H.B. Singh, G.L. Gregory, R.W. Talbot, D.R. Blake, and G.W. Sachse. 1996. Origin of ozone and NOx in the tropical troposphere: A photochemical analysis of aircraft observations over the South Atlantic basin. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 24,235-24,250. Jacquemond, S., and F. Baret, 1990. PROSPECT: A model of leaf optical properties spectra. Remote Sensing of Environment 44: 281-292. Jaeglé, L., R.V. Martin, K. Chance, L. Steinberger, T.P. Kurosu, D.J. Jacob, A.I. Modi, V. Yoboué, L. Sigha-Nkamdjou, and C. Galy-Lacaux. 2004. Satellite mapping of rain-induced nitric oxide emissions from soils. Journal of Geophysical Research 109: D21310, doi:10.1029/2004JD004787. Jenkins, G.S., J. Ryu, A.M. Thompson, and J.C. Witte. 2003. Linking horizontal and vertical transports of biomass fire emissions to the Tropical Atlantic Ozone Paradox during the Northern Hemisphere winter season. Journal of Geophysical Research 108(D23): 4745, doi:10.1029/2002JD003297.

OCR for page 112
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Jenkins, G.S., and J-H. Ryu. 2004. Space-borne observations link the tropical Atlantic ozone maximum and paradox to lightning. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 4: 361-375. Johannessen, J.A., S. Sandven, and D. Durand 2001. Oceanography. Pp. 1,585-1,622 in The Century of Space Science, J.A. Bleeker, J. Geiss, and M. Huber, eds. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, Ma. Johannessen, O.M., L. Bengtsson, M.W. Miles, S.I. Kuzima, V.A. Semenov, G.V. Alekseev, A.P. Nagurnyi, V.F. Zakharov, L.P. Bobylev, L.H. Pettersson, K. Hasselmann, and H.P. Cattle. 2004. Arctic climate change—observed and modelled temperature and sea ice variability. Tellus (A) 56A: 1-18. Johnston, H. 1971. Reduction in stratospheric ozone by nitrogen oxide catalysts from supersonic transport exhaust. Science 173: 517-522. Jonsson, S., H. Zebker, and F. Amelung. 2005. On trapdoor faulting at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 144: 59-71. Jordan, C.F. 1969. Derivation of leaf area index from quality of light on the forest floor. Ecology 50: 663-666. Joughin, I., L. Gray, R. Bindschadler, S. Price, D. Morse, C. Hulbe, K. Mattar, C. Werner. 1999. Tributaries of west Antarctic ice streams revealed by RADARSAT interferometry. Science 286(5438): 283-286. Joughin, I., M. Fahnestock, D. MacAyeal, J.L. Bamber, and P. Gogineni. 2001. Observation and analysis of ice flow in the largest Greenland ice stream. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 106(D24): 34,021-34,034. Jury, M., and N. Walker. 1988. Marine boundary layer modification across the edge of the Agulhas Current. Journal of Geophysical Research 93: 647-654. Justice, C.O., J.R.G. Townshend, B.N. Holben, and C.J. Tucker. 1985. Analysis of the phenology of global vegetation using meteorological satellite data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 6(8): 1,271-1,318. Kahn, R.A., B.J. Gaitley, J.V. Martonchik, D.J. Diner, K.A. Crean, and B. Holben. 2005. Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) global aerosol optical depth validation based on 2 years of coincident Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmopsheres 110: D10S04, doi:10.1029/2004JD004706. Kalnay, E. 2003. Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation, and Predictability. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Kaplan, L.D. 1959. Inference of atmospheric structure from remote radiation measurements. Journal of the Optical Society of America. 49: 1,004-1,007. Kasischke, E., D. Williams, and D. Barry. 2002. Analysis of the patterns of large fires in the boreal forest region of Alaska. International Journal of Wildland Fire 11: 131-144. Kaufman, Y.J., O. Boucher, D. Tanre, M. Chin, L.A. Remer, and T. Takemura. 2005. Aerosol anthropogenic component estimated from satellite data. Geophysical Research Letters 32: L17804, doi:10.1029/2005GL023125. Keeling, C.D., R.B. Bacastow, A.E. Bainbridge, C.A. Ekdahl, P.R. Guenther, and L.S. Waterman. 1976. Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii. Tellus 28: 538-551. Keeling, C.D., R.B. Bacastow, A.F. Carter, S.C. Piper, T.P. Whorf, M. Heimann, W.G. Mook, and H. Roeloffzen. 1989. A three-dimensional model of atmospheric CO2 transport based on observed winds: 1. Analysis of observational data. In Aspects of Climate Variability in the Pacific and the Western Americas, D.H. Peterson, ed. Geophysical Monograph 55: 165-235. Kelley, O.A., J. Stout, and J.B. Halverson. 2004. Tall precipitation cells in tropical cyclone eyewalls are associated with tropical cyclone intensification. Geophysical Research Letters 31: Ll24112, doi:10.1029/2004GL021616. Kerr, J.T., and J. Cihlar. 2003. Land use and cover with intensity of agriculture for Canada from satellite and census data. Global Ecology and Biogeography 12: 161-172. Kerr, R. 2006. A worrying trend of less ice, higher seas. Science 311: 1698. Khromova, T.E., M.B. Dyurgerov, and R.G. Barry. 2003. Late-twentieth century changes in glacier extent in the Ak-shirak Range, Central Asia, determined from historical data and ASTER imagery. Geophysical Research Letters 30(16): 1863, doi:10.1029/2003GL017233. Kidder, S.Q., W.M. Gray, and T.H. Vonder Haar. 1980. Tropical cyclone outer surface winds derived from satellite microwave sounder data. Monthly Weather Review 108: 144-152. Kidder, S.Q., and T.H. Vonder Haar. 1995. Satellite Meteorology: An Introduction. Academic Press, San Diego. Kiehl, J.T., and K.E. Trenberth. 1997. Earth’s annual global mean energy budget. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Association 78: 197-208. Kimball, J. S., K. C. McDonald, and M. Zhao. 2006. Spring thaw and its effect on northern terrestrial vegetation productivity observed from satellite microwave and optical remote sensing. Earth Interactions 10(21): 1-22. King, M.D., W.P. Menzel, Y.J. Kaufman, D. Tanre, B.C. Gao, S. Platnick, S.A. Ackerman, L.A. Remer, R. Pincus, and P.A. Hubanks. 2003. Cloud and aerosol properties, precipitable water, and profiles of temperature and water vapor from MODIS. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 41: 442-458. Kley, D., P.J. Crutzen, H.G. J. Smit, H. Vömel, S.J. Oltmans, H. Grassl, V. Ramanathan. 1996. Observations of near-zero ozone concentrations over the convective Pacific: Effects on air chemistry. Science 274(5285): 230-233. Kokaly, R.F., and R.N. Clark. 1999. Spectroscopic determination of leaf biochemistry using band-depth analysis of absorption features and stepwise multiple linear regression—an improved approach. Remote Sensing of Environment 67: 267-287. König, M., J.-G. Winther, and E. Isaksson. 2001. Measuring snow and glacier ice properties from satellite. Reviews of Geophysics 39(1): 1-28. Kushnir, Y., W.A. Robinson, I. Blade, N.M.J. Hall, S. Peng, and R. Sutton. 2002. Atmospheric GCM response to extratropical SST anomalies: Synthesis and evaluation. Journal of Climate 15: 2,233-2,256. Lamarque, J.-F., D.P. Edwards, L.K. Emmons, J.C. Gille, O. Wilhelmi, C. Gerbig, D. Prevedel, M.N. Deeter, J. Warner, D.C. Ziskin, B. Khattatov, G.L. Francis, V. Yudin, S. Ho, D. Mao, J. Chen, and J.R. Drummond. 2003. Identification of CO plumes from MOPITT data: Application to the August 2000 Idaho-Montana forest fires. Geophysical Research Letters 30(13): 1688, doi:10.1029/2003GL017503. Lambert, A., R.G. Grainger, J.J. Remedios, C.D. Rodgers, M. Corney, and F.W. Taylor. 1993. Measurements of the evolution of the Mt. Pinatubo aerosol cloud by isams. Geophysical Research Letters 20: 1,287-1,290. Lamprey, H.F.. 1975. Report on the Desert Encroachment Reconnaissance in Northern Sudan, 21 Oct. to 10 Nov., 1975. UNESCO/UNEP. Lamprey, H.F. 1988. Report on the desert encroachment reconnaissance in northern Sudan 21 Oct. to 10 Nov. 1975. Desertification Control Bulletin 17: 1-7. Landgrebe, D. 1997. The evolution of Landsat data analysis. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 63: 859-867. Laplace, P.S. 1776. Recherches sur plusiers points du system du monde, Mémoures de L’Académie Royale des Sciences de Paris. Reprinted in Euvres complètes de Laplace, Gauthier Villard, Paris, 9, 1893. Laurs, R.M., P.C. Fiedler, and D.R. Montgomery. 1984. Albacore tuna catch distributions relative to environmental features observed from satellites. Deep Sea Research 31: 1,088-1,099. Le Provost, C. 1983. An analysis of Seasat altimeter measurements over a coastal area: The English Channel. Journal of Geophysical Research 88(C3): 1,647-1,654. Le Provost, C. 2001. Ocean tides. Pp. 267-303 in Satellite Altimetry and Earth Sciences: A Handbook of Techniques and Applications, L.-L. Fu and A. Cazenave, eds. Academic Press, San Diego. Lee, T., and P. Cornillon. 1995. Temporal variation of meandering intensity and domain-wide lateral oscillations of the Gulf Stream. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: 13,603-13,613.

OCR for page 113
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Lepers, E., E.F. Lambin, A.C. Janetos, R. DeFries, F. Achard, N. Ramankutty, and R.J. Scholes. 2005. A synthesis of information on rapid land-cover change for the period 1981-2000. Bioscience 55: 115-124. Liverman, D., E. Moran, R. Rindfuss, and P. Stern (eds.) 1998. People and Pixels: Linking Remote Sensing and Social Science. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.: Livesey, N.J., L.J. Kovalenko, R.J. Salawitch, I.A. MacKenzie, M.P. Chipperfield, W.G. Read, R.F. Jarnot, and J.W. Waters. 2006. EOS Microwave Limb Sounder observations of upper stratospheric BrO: Implications for total bromine. Geophysical Research Letters (33): L2081, doi:10.1029/2006GL026930. Loeb, N.G., B.A. Wielicki, F.G. Rose, and D.R. Doelling. 2007. Variability in global top-of-atmosphere shortwave radiation between 2000 and 2005. Geophysical Research Letters 34, L03704, doi: 10.1029/2006GL028196. Longhurst, A., S. Sathyendranath, T. Platt, and C. Caverhill. 1995. An estimate of global primary production in the ocean from satellite radiometer data. Journal of Plankton Research 17: 1,245-1,271. Lord, S.J. 2006. A historical perspective of atmospheric science from space. Presentation to the National Academies Committee on Scientific Accomplishments of Earth Observations from Space, November 10, 2006, Washington, D.C. Loveland, T.R., B.C. Reed, J.F. Brown, D.O. Ohlen, Z. Zhu, L. Yang, and J.W. Merchant. 2000. Development of a global land cover characteristics database and IGBP DISCover from 1 km AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 21: 1,303-1,330. Luthcke, S.B., H.J. Zwally, W. Abdalati, D.D. Rowlands, R.D. Ray, R.S. Nerem, F.G. Lemoine, J.J. McCarthy, and D.S. Chinn. 2006. Recent Greenland ice mass loss by drainage system from satellite gravity observations. Science 314(5803): 1,286-1,289. MacDonald, R.B., and F.G. Hall. 1980. Global crop forecasting. Science 208: 670-679. Maddox, R.A. 1980. Mesoscale convective complexes. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 61: 1374-1387. Malakoff, D. 2000. Earth-monitoring satellites: Will the U.S. bring down the curtain on Landsat? Science 288: 2309-2311. Maloney, E.D., and D.B. Chelton. 2006. An assessment of the sea surface temperature influence on surface wind stress in numerical weather prediction and climate models. Journal of Climate 19: 2,743-2,762. Martin J.H., K.H. Coale, K.S. Johnson, S.E. Fitzwater, R.M. Gordon, S.J. Tanner, C.N. Hunter, V.A. Elrod, J.L. Nowicki, T.L. Coley, R.T. Barber, S. Lindley, A.J. Watson, K. Van Scoy, C.S. Law, M.I. Liddicoat, R. Ling, T. Stanton, J. Stockel, C. Collins, A. Anderson, R. Bidigare, M. Ondrusek, M. Latasa, F.J. Millero, K. Lee, W. Yao, J.Z. Zhang, G. Friederich, C. Sakamoto, F. Chavez, K. Buck, Z. Kolber, R. Greene, P. Falkowski, S.W. Chisholm, F. Hoge, R. Swift, J. Yungel, S. Turner, P. Nightingale, A. Hatton, P. Liss, and N.W. Tindal. 1994. Testing the iron hypothesis in ecosystems of the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Nature 371: 123-129. Massonnet, D., M. Rossi, C. Carmona, F. Adragna, G. Peltzer, K. Feigl, and T. Rabaute. 1993. The displacement field of the Landers earthquake mapped by radar interferometry. Nature 364: 138-142. Matsuno, T. 1971. A Dynamical Model of the Stratospheric Sudden Warming. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, NOAA, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. Matthews, E. 1983. Global vegetation and land use: New high resolution data bases for climate studies. Journal of Climatology and Applied Meteorology 22: 474-487. Maxwell, E.L. 1976. Multivariate system analysis of multispectral imagery. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 42: 1173-1186. McCarthy, J.J. 1999. The evolution of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study project. In The Changing Ocean Carbon Cycle: A Midterm Synthesis of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study, R.B. Hanson, H.W. Ducklow, and J.G. Field, eds. Cambridge University Press, New York. McCauley, J.F., G.G. Schaber, C.S. Breed, M.J. Grolier, C.V. Haynes, B. Issawi, C. Elachi, and R. Blom. 1982. Subsurface valleys and geoarchaeology of the eastern Sahara revealed by Shuttle Radar. Science 218: 1004-1020. McCormick, M.P., H.M. Steele, P. Hamill, W.P. Chu, and T.J. Swissler. 1982. Polar stratospheric cloud sightings by SAMII. Journal of Atmospheric Science 39: 1,387-1,397. McCormick, M.P. 1992. SAGE II measurements of early Pinatubo aerosols. Geophysical Research Letters 19: 155-158. McCormick, M.P., P.-H. Wang, and L.R. Poole. 1993. Stratospheric aerosols and clouds. Pp. 205-219 in Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions, P.V. Hobbs, ed. Academic Press, New York. McCormick, M.P., L.W. Thomason, and C.R. Trepte. 1995. Atmospheric effects of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Nature 373: 399-404. McElroy, M.B., R.J. Salawitch, S.C. Wofsy, and J.A. Logan. 1986. Reductions of Antarctic ozone due to synergistic interactions of chlorine and bromine. Nature 321: 759-762. McGuire, M., A.W. Wood, A.F. Hamlet, and D.P. Lettenmaier. 2006. Use of satellite data for streamflow and reservoir storage forecasts in the Snake River basin. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 132(2): 97-110. McIver, D.K., and M.A. Friedl. 2002. Using prior probabilities in decision-tree classification of remotely sensed data. Remote Sensing of the Environment 81: 253-261. McMillan, W.W., C. Barnet, L. Strow, M.T. Chahine, M.L. McCourt, P.C. Novelli, S. Korontzi, E.S. Maddy, and S. Datta. 2005. Daily global maps of carbon monoxide: First views from NASA’s Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder. Geophysical Research Letters 32: L11801, doi:10.1029/2004GL021821. Melbourne, T.I., and F.H Webb. 2003. Slow but not quite silent. Science 300(5,627): 1,886-1,887. Mergenthaler, J., J.B. Kumer, A.E. Roche, R.W. Nightingale, J.F. Potter, P.L. Bailey, S.T. Massie, J.C. Gille, D.P. Edwards, M.R. Gunson, M.C. Abrams, G.C. Toon, B. Sen, J.F. Blavier, P.S. Connell, D.E. Kinnison, D.G. Murcray, F.H. Murcray, A. Goldman, and E.C. Zipf. 1996. Validation of CLAES ClONO2 measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 9,603-9,620. Milliff, R.F., J. Morzel, D.B. Chelton, and M.H. Freilich. 2004. Wind stress curl and wind stress divergence biases from rain effects on QSCAT surface wind retrievals. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 21: 1,216-1,231. Minnis, P., E.F. Harrison, L.L. Stowe, G.G. Gibson, F.M. Denn, D.R. Doelling, and W.L. Smith. 1993. Radiative climate forcing by the Mount Pinatubo eruption. Science 259: 1,411-1,415. Mishchenko, M.I., I.V. Geogdzhayev, B. Cairns, W.B. Rossow, and A.A. Lacis. 1999. Aerosol retrievals over the ocean by use of channels 1 and 2 AVHRR data: Sensitivity analysis and preliminary results. Applied Optics 38: 7,325-7,341. Molina, M.J., and F.S. Rowland. 1974. Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: Chlorine atomc-atalysed destruction of ozone. Nature 249: 810-812. Molotch, N.P., T.H. Painter, R.C. Bales, and J. Dozier. 2004. Incorporating remotely-sensed snow albedo into a spatially-distributed snowmelt model. Geophysical Research Letters 31(3): L03501, doi:10.1029/2003GL019063. Mooney, H.A. 1991. Emergence of the study of global ecology: Is terrestrial ecology an impediment to progress? Ecological Applications 1: 2-5. Morel, A., and L. Prieur. 1977. Analysis of variations in ocean color. Limnology and Oceanography 22(4): 709-722. Morris, G.A., S. Hersey, A.M. Thompson, A. Stohl, P.R. Colarco, W.W. McMillan, J. Warner, B.J. Johnson, J.C. Witte, T.L. Kucsera, D.E. Larko, and S.J. Oltmans. 2006. Alaskan and Canadian forest fires exacerbate ozone pollution in Houston, Texas, on 19 and 20 July 2004. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: D24S03, doi: 2006JD007090.

OCR for page 114
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Morrow, R., F. Birol, D. Griffin, and J. Sudre. 2004. Divergent pathways of cyclonic and anti-cyclonic ocean eddies. Geophysical Research Letters 31: L24311, doi:10.1029/2004GL020974. Mote, P.W., K.H. Rosenlof, M.E. McIntyre, E.S. Carr, J.C. Gille, J.R. Holton, J.S. Kinnersley, H.C. Pumphrey, J.M. Russell, and J.W. Waters. 1996. An atmospheric tape recorder: The imprint of tropical tropopause temperatures on stratospheric water vapor. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 2,989-4,006. Moxim, W.J., and H. Levy. 2000. A model analysis of the tropical South Atlantic Ocean tropospheric ozone maximum: The interaction of transport and chemistry. Journal of Geophysical Research 105(D13): 17,393-17,416. Muller-Karger, F.E., C.R. McClain, and P.R. Richardson. 1988. Dispersal of the Amazon’s water. Nature 333(6168): 56-59. Munk, W., and C. Wunsch. 1998. Abyssal recipes II: Energetics of tidal and wind mixing. Deep-Sea Research 45: 1,976-2,009. Myneni, R.B., C.D. Keeling, C.J. Tucker, G. Asrar, and R.R. Nemani. 1997. Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991. Nature 386(6626): 698-702. Myneni, R.B., C.J. Tucker, G. Asrar, and C.D. Keeling. 1998. Interannual variations in satellite-sensed vegetation index data from 1981 to 1991. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 103(D6): 6,145-6,160. Nakajima, T., and A. Higurashi. 1998. A use of two-channel radiances for an aerosol characterization from space. Geophysical Research Letters 25: 3,815-3,818. NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). 1987. Leadership and America’s Future in Space. NASA, Washington, D.C. NASA. 2005. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Senior Review Proposal 2005. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. Nightingale, R.W., A.E. Roche, J.B. Kumer, J.L. Mergenthaler, J.C. Gille, S.T. Massie, P.L. Bailey, D.P. Edwards, M.R. Gunson, G.C. Toon, B. Sen, and P.S. Connell. 1996. Global CF2C12 measurements by UARS cryogenic limb array etalon spectrometer: Validation by correlative data and a model. Journal of Geophysical Research 101(D6): 9,711-9,736 NRC (National Research Council). 1979. Protection against Depletion of Stratospheric Ozone by Chlorofluorocarbons. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 1985. A Strategy for Earth Science from Space in the 1980s and 1990s: Part II: Atmosphere and Interactions with the Solid Earth, Oceans, and Biota. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. NRC 1999. Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems. National Academy Press. Washington, D.C. NRC. 2000. Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research. Part 1: Science and Design. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2001a. Under the Weather: Climate, Ecosystems, and Infectious Disease. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2001b. Improving the Effectiveness of U.S. Climate Modeling. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2002. Toward New Partnerships in Remote Sensing: Government, the Private Sector, and Earth Science Research. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2003. Satellite Observations of the Earth’s Environment: Accelerating the Transition of Research to Operations. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2004. Climate Data Records from Environmental Satellites. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2005. Earth Science and Application from Space: Urgent Needs and Opportunities to Serve the Nation. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.. NRC. 2006. Assessment of the Benefits of Extending the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission: A Perspective from the Research and Operations Communities, Interim Report. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2007a. Earth Science and Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and Beyond. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.. NRC. 2007b. Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation’s Support of the Atmospheric Sciences. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. NRC. 2007c. Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World: An Assessment of U.S. Needs. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.. NWS (National Weather Service). 2006. History of the National Weather Service. Available at http://www.weather.gov/pa/history/index.php. Accessed February 23, 2007. O’Keefe, J.A., A. Eckels, and R.K. Squires. 1960. Pear-shaped component of the geoid from the motion of vanguard 1. Annals of the International Geophysical Year 12(1): 199-201. Oldeman, L.R., R.T.A. Hakkeling, and W.G. Sombroek. 1991. World Map of the Status of Human Induced Soil Degradation: An Explanatory Note. International Soil Reference and Information Centre, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Olson, D.B. 2001. Biophysical dynamics of western transition zones: A preliminary synthesis. Fisheries Oceanography 10: 133-150. Olson, J.S., J.A. Watts, and L.J. Allison. 1983. Carbon in Live Vegetation of Major World Ecosystems. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. O’Neill, L.W., D.B. Chelton, and S.K. Esbensen. 2003. Observations of SST-induced perturbations of the wind stress field over the Southern Ocean on seasonal time scales. Journal of Climate 16: 2,340-2,354. O’Reilly, J.E., S. Maritorena, M.C. O’Brien, D.A. Siegel, D. Toole, D. Menzies, R.C. Smith, J.L. Mueller, B.G. Mitchell, M. Kahru, F.P. Chavez, P. Strutton, G.F. Cota, S.B. Hooker, C. McClain, K.L. Carder, F. Muller-Karger, L. Harding, A. Magnuson, D. Phinney, G.F. Moore, J. Aiken, K.R. Arrigo, R. Letelier, and M. Culver. 2000. Ocean color chlorophyll a algorithms for SeaWiFS, OC2, and OC4: Version 4. Pp. 9-23, in SeaWiFS Postlaunch Calibration and Validation Analyses, Part 3, S.B. Hooker and E.R. Firestone, eds. NASA Tech. Memo. 2000-206892, Vol. 11. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Painter, T.H., J. Dozier, D.A. Roberts, R.E. Davis, and R.O. Green. 2003. Retrieval of subpixel snow-covered area and grain size from imaging spectrometer data. Remote Sensing of Environment 85(1): 64-77. Palacios-Orueta, A., A. Parra, E. Chuvieco, and C. Carmona-Moreno. 2004. Remote sensing and geographic information systems methods for global spatiotemporal modeling of biomass burning emissions: Assessment in the African continent. Journal of Geophysical Research 109: D14S09, doi:10.1029/2004JD004734. Parkinson, C.L., D.J. Cavalieri, P. Gloersen, H.J. Zwally, and J.C. Comiso. 1999. Arctic sea ice extents, areas, and trends, 1978-1996. Journal of Geophysical Research 104(C9): 20,837-20,856. Pearson, R.L., and L.D. Miller. 1972. Remote mapping of standing crop biomass for estimation of the productivity of the shortgrass prairie. Pp. 1357-1381 in 8th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Pereira J., B. Pereira, P. Barbosa, D. Stroppiana, M. Vasconcelos, and J. Gregoire. 1999. Satellite monitoring of fire in the EXPRESSO study area during the 1996 dry season experiment: Active fires, burnt area, and atmospheric emissions. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 104: 30,701-30,712. Pierce, R.B., T.K. Schaack, J. Al-Saadi, T.D. Fairlie, C. Kittaka, G. Lingenfelser, M. Natarajan, J. Olson, A. Soja, T.H. Zapotocny, A. Lenzen, J. Stobie, D.R. Johnson, M. Avery, G. Sachse, A. Thompson, R. Cohen, J. Dibb, J. Crawford, D. Rault, R. Martin, J. Szykman, and J. Fishman. 2007. Chemical data assimilation estimates of continental U.S. ozone and nitrogen budgets during INTEX-A. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 112: D12S18, doi:10.1029/2006JD007722. Pimentel, D., R. Zuniga, and D. Morrison. 2005. Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien-invasive species in the United States. Ecological Economics 52: 273-288.

OCR for page 115
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Platt, T., and S. Sathyendranath. 1988. Ocean primary production-estimation by remote sensing at local and regional scales. Science 241: 1,613-1,620. Platzman, G.W. 1981. Normal modes of the world ocean. II. Description of modes in the period range 8 to 80 hours. Journal of Physical Oceanography 11: 579-603. Potter, C.S., J.T. Randerson, C.B. Field, P.A. Matson, P.M. Vitousek, H.A. Mooney, and S.A. Klooster. 1993. Terrestrial ecosystem production: A process model based on global satellite and surface data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12: 1,313-1,330. Prince, S.D., E.B. De Colstoun, and L.L. Kravitz. 1998. Evidence from rain-use efficiencies does not indicate extensive Sahelian desertification. Global Change Biology 4: 359-374. Prospero, J.M., P. Ginoux, O. Torres, S.E. Nicholson, and T.E. Gill. 2002. Environmental characterization of global sources of atmospheric soil dust identified with the Nimbus 7 Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) absorbing aerosol product. Review of Geophysics 40(1): 1002, doi:10.1029/2000RG000095. PSAC (President’s Science Advisory Committee). 1958. Introduction to Outer Space. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Purdom, J.F.W. 1976. Some uses of high-resolution GOES imagery in the mesoscale forecasting of convection and its behavior. Monthly Weather Review 104: 1,474-1,483. Purdom, J.F.W. 1986. Convective Scale Interaction: Arc Cloud Lines and the Development and Evolution of Deep Convection. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins. Ramanathan, V., R.D. Cess, E.F. Harrison, P. Minnis, B.R. Barkstrom, E. Ahmad, and D. Hartmann. 1989. Cloud-radiative forcing and climate: Results from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment. Science 243: 57-63. Ramankutty, N., and J.A. Foley. 1999. Estimating historical changes in global land cover: Croplands from 1700 to 1992. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 13(4): 997-1027. Ramankutty, N., H.K. Gibbs, F. Achard, R. DeFries, J.A. Foley, and R.A. Houghton. 2007. Challenges to estimating carbon emissions from tropical deforestation. Global Change Biology 13: 51-66. Ramankutty, N., A. Evan, C. Monfreda, and J.A. Foley. In press. Farming the Planet. 1: The Geographic Distribution of Global Agricultural Lands in the Year 2000. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. Rankin, A.M., E.W. Wolff, and S. Martin. 2002. Frost flowers: Implications for tropospheric chemistry and ice core interpretation. Journal of Geophysical Research 107(D23): 4683, doi:10.1029/2002JD002492. Rasmusson, E.M., and T.H. Carpenter. 1982. Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/El Niño. Monthly Weather Review 110: 354-384. Raval, A., and V. Ramanathan. 1989. Observational determination of the greenhouse effect. Nature 342: 758-761. Ray, R.D., and G.T. Mitchum. 1997. Surface manifestation of internal tides in the deep ocean. Progress in Oceanography 40: 135-162. Redman, C. 1999. Human Impact on Ancient Environments. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. Reigber, C.H., P. Schwintzer, K.-H. Neumayer, F. Barthelmes, R. König, Ch. Förste, G. Balmino, R. Biancale, J.-M. Lemoine, S. Loyer, S. Bruinsma, F. Perosanz, and T. Fayard. 2003. The CHAMP-only Earth Gravity Field2003. The CHAMP-only Earth Gravity Field Model EIGEN-2. Advances in Space Research 31: 1,883-1,888. Remer, L.A., D. Tanre, Y.J. Kaufman, C. Ichoku, S. Mattoo, R. Levy, D.A. Chu, B. Holben, O. Dubovik, A. Smirnov, J.V. Martins, R.R. Li, and Z. Ahmad. 2002. Validation of MODIS aerosol retrieval over ocean. Geophysical Research Letters 29(12): 8008, doi 10.1029/2001GL013204. Remer, L.A., Y.J. Kaufman, D. Tanre, S. Mattoo, D.A. Chu, J.V. Martins, R.R. Li, C. Ichoku, R.C. Levy, R.G. Kleidman, T.F. Eck, E. Vermote, and B.N. Holben. 2005. The MODIS aerosol algorithm, products, and validation. Journal of Atmospheric Science 62: 947-973. Reynolds, J.F., and D.M. Stafford-Smith, eds. 2002. Global Desertification: Do Humans Cause Deserts? Dahlem University Press, Berlin.Dahlem University Press, Berlin. Reynolds, J.F., D.M.S. Smith, E.F. Lambin, B.L. Turner II, M. Mortimore, S.P.J. Batterbury, T.E. Downing, H. Dowlatabadi, R.J. Fernandez, J.E. Herrick, E. Huber-Sannwald, H. Jiang, R. Leemans, T. Lynam, F.T. Maestre, M. Ayarza, and B. Walker. 2007. Global desertification: Building a science for dryland development. Science 316: 847-851. Riaño, D., J.A. Moreno Ruiz, D. Isidoro, and S.L. Ustin. 2007. Global spatial patterns and temporal trends of burned area between 1981 and 2000 using NOAA-NASA Pathfinder. Global Change Biology 13: 40-50. Richter, A., F. Wittrock, M. Eisinger, and J.P. Burrows. 1998. GOME observations of tropospheric BrO in northern hemisphere spring and summer 1997. Geophysical Research Letters 25: 2,683-2,686. Richter, A., and J.P. Burrows. 2002. Tropospheric NO2 from GOME measurements. Advances in Space Research 29: 1,673-1,683. Rignot, E. 2001. Evidence for rapid retreat and mass loss of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology 47(157): 213-222. Rignot, E., and P. Kanagaratnam. 2006. Changes in the velocity structure of the Greenland ice sheet. Science 311(5763): 986-990. Rind, D., E.W. Chiou, W. Chu, J. Larsen, S. Oltmans, J. Lerner, M.P. McCormick, and L. McMaster. 1991. Positive water-vapor feedback in climate models confirmed by satellite data. Nature 349: 500-503. Rinsland, C.P., M. Luo, J.A. Logan, R. Beer, H.M. Worden, J.R. Worden, K. Bowman, S.S. Kulawik, D. Rider, G. Osterman, M. Gunson, A. Goldman, M. Shephard, S.A. Clough, C. Rodgers, M. Lampel, and L. Chiou. 2006. Nadir measurements of carbon monoxide distributions by the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer onboard the Aura spacecraft: Overview of analysis approach and examples of initial results. Geophysical Research Letters 33: L22806, doi 10.1029/2006GL027000. Ritchie, J.C., C.H. Eyles, and C.V. Haynes. 1985. Sediment and pollen evidence for an early to mid-Holocene humid period in the eastern Sahara. Nature 314: 352-355. Robinson, I.S. 1985. Satellite Oceanography: An Introduction for Oceanographers and Remote-sensing Scientists. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ. Rodell, M., P.R. Houser, U. Jambor, J. Gottschalck, K. Mitchell, C.J. Meng, K. Arsenault, B. Cosgrove, J. Radakovich, M. Bosilovich, J.K. Entin, J.P. Walker, D. Lohmann, and D. Toll. 2004. The global land data assimilation system. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 85(3): 381-394. Rossby, C.-G et al. 1939. Relation between variations in the intensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere and the displacements of the semi-permanent centers of action. Journal of Marine Research 2: 38-55. Rossby, C.-G. 1940. Planetary flow patterns in the atmosphere. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 66: 68-87. Rossow, W.B., and R.A. Schiffer. 1999. Advances in understanding clouds from ISCCP. Bulletin of the American Meteorology Society 80: 2,261-2,287. Roughgarden, J., Running, S.W., Matson, P.A. 1991. What does remote-sensing do for ecology? Ecology 72(6): 1,918-1,922. Rouse, J.W., R.H. Haas, J.A. Schell, and D.W. Deering. 1973. Monitoring vegetation systems in the great plains with ERTS. 3rd ERTS Symposium, NASA SP-351 I: 309-317. Rouse, J.W., R.H. Haas, J.A. Schell, D.W. Deering, and J.C. Harlan. 1974. Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation (greenwave effect) of natural vegetation. NASA/GSFC Type III Final Report. NASA, Greenbelt, Md. Rowntree, P.R. 1972. The influence of tropical east Pacific Ocean temperatures on the atmosphere. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 98: 290-321. Running, S.W., and E.R. Hunt. 1993. Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other biomes, BIOME-BGC, and an application for global scale models. Pp. 141-158 in Scaling Physiological Processes: Leaf to Globe, J.R. Ehleringer and C.B. Field, eds. Academic Press, San Diego. Russell, J.M., M.Z. Luo, R.J. Cicerone, and L.E. Deaver. 1996. Satellite confirmation of the dominance of chloroflourocarbons in the global stratospheric chlorine budget. Nature 379: 526-529.

OCR for page 116
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Salisbury, J.E., J.W. Campbell, L.D. Meeker, and C.J. Vörösmarty. 2001. Ocean color and river data reveal fluvial influence in coastal waters. AGU-EOS Transactions 82(20): 221, 226-227. Salisbury, J.S, J.W. Campbell, E.L. Linder, L.D. Meeker, F.E. Muller-Karger, and C.J. Vorosmarty. 2004. On the seasonal correlation of surface particle fields with wind stress and Mississippi discharge in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Deep Sea Research Part II 51(10-11): 1,187-1,203. Sauvage, B., V. Thouret, A.M. Thompson, J.C. Witte, J.-P. Cammas, P. Nedelec, and G. Athier. MOZAIC and SHADOZ Teams. 2006. Enhanced view of the “Tropical Atlantic Ozone Paradox” and “Zonal Wave-one” from the in-situ MOZAIC and SHADOZ data. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: D01301, doi: 10.129/2005JD006241. Schiffer, R.A., and W.B. Rossow. 1985. ISCCP global radiance data set: A new resource for climate research. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 66: 1,498-1,505. Schneider, A., M.A. Friedl, D.K. McIver, and C.E. Woodcock. 2003. Mapping urban areas by fusing multiple sources of coarse resolution remotely sensed data. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 69: 1,377-1,386. Schneider, A., and C.E. Woodcock. In press. Compact, dispersed, fragmented, extensive? A comparison of urban growth in 25 global cities using remotely sensed data, pattern metrics and census information. Urban Studies. Schollaert, S.E., T. Rossby, and J.A. Yoder. 2004. Gulf Stream cross-frontal exchange: Possible mechanisms to explain inter-annual variations in phytoplankton chlorophyll in the Slope Sea during the SeaWiFS years. Deep-Sea Research Part II 51: 173-188. Schultz, M.G. 2002. On the use of ATSR fire count data to estimate the seasonal and interannual variability of vegetation fire emissions. Atmospheric Chemistry Physics Discussions 2: 1,159-1,179. Sellers, P.J., C.J. Tucker, G.J. Collatz, S.O. Los, C.O. Justice, D.A. Dazlich, and D.A. Randall. 1994. A global 1-degree-by-1-degree NDVI data set for climate studies, Part 2: The generation of global fields of terrestrial biophysical parameters from the NDVI. International Journal of Remote Sensing 15(17): 3,519-3,545. Sheets, R.C. 1990. The National Hurricane Center—Past, present, and future. Weather Forecasting 5: 185-232. Shukla, J., and J.M. Wallace. 1983. Numerical simulation of the atmospheric response to equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies. Journal of Atmospheric Science 40: 1,613-1,630. Siegel, D.A. 2001. Oceanography—The Rossby rototiller. Nature 409: 576-577. Simmons, A.J., and A. Hollingsworth. 2002. Some aspects of the improvement in skill of numerical weather prediction. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 128: 647-678. Simon, M., S. Plummer, F. Fierens, J.J. Hoeltzemann, and O. Arino. 2004. Burnt area detection at global scale using ATSR-2: The GlobScar products and their qualification. Journal of Geophysical Research 109: D14S02, doi:10.1029/2003JD003622. Simons, M., and B.H. Hager. 1997. Localization of gravity and the signature of glacial rebound. Nature 390: 500-504. Simpson, J., R.F. Adler, and G. North. 1988. A proposed Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 69: 278-295. Simpson, J., C. Kummerow, W.-K. Tao, and R.F. Adler. 1996. On the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 60: 19-36. Sinnhuber, B.-M., A. Rozanov, N. Sheode, O.T. Afe, A. Richter, M. Sinnhuber, F. Wittrock, and J.P. Burrows. 2005. Global observations of stratospheric bromine monoxide from SCIAMACHY. Geophysical Research Letters 32: L20810, doi: 10.1029/2005GL023839. Skole, D., and C. Tucker. 1993. Tropical deforestation and habitat fragmentation in the Amazon: Satellite data from 1978 to 1988. Science 260: 1,905-1,910. Smith, A.K., and P.L. Bailey. 1985. Comparison of horizontal winds from the LIMS satellite instrument with rocket measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research 20: 3,897-3,901. Smith, B., and D. Sandwell. 2003. Accuracy and resolution of shuttle radar topography mission data. Geophysical Research Letters 30(9): doi:10.1029/2002GL016643. Smith, S.E. 1986. Drought and water management: The Egyptian response. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 41: 297-300. Smith, W.L. 1970. Iterative solution of the radiative transfer equation for temperature and absorbing gas profile of an atmosphere. Applied Optics 9: 1,993-1,999. Soden, B.J., R.T. Wetherald, G.L. Stenchikov, and A. Robock. 2002. Global cooling after the eruption of Mount Pinatubo: A test of climate feedback by water vapor. Science 296: 727-730. Solomon S. 1999. Stratospheric ozone depletion: a review of concepts and history. Reviews of Geophysics 37: 275-316. Song, T.-R. A., and M. Simons. 2003. Large trench-parallel gravity variations predict seismogenic behavior in subduction zones. Science 301(5633): 630-633. Stajner, I., K. Wargan, L.-P. Chang, H. Hayashi, S. Pawson, and H. Nakajima. 2006. Assimilation of ozone profiles from the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer—II: Study of Antarctic ozone. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: D11S14, doi:10.1029/2005JD006448. Steeman-Nielsen, E., and E.A. Jensen. 1957. The autotrophic production of organic matter in the oceans. Galathea Report I: 49-124. Stephens, G.L., D.G. Vane, R.J. Boain, G.G. Mace, K. Sassen, Z.E. Wang, A.J. Illingworth, E.J. O’Connor, W.B. Rossow, S.L. Durden, S.D. Miller, R.T. Austin, A. Benedetti, and C. Mitrescu. 2002. The cloudsat mission and the a-train—A new dimension of space-based observations of clouds and precipitation. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 83: 1,771-1,790. Stommel, H. 1965. The Gulf Stream: A Physical and Dynamical Description, 2nd ed. University of California Press, Berkeley, and Cambridge University Press, London. Stowe, L.L., R.M. Carey, and P.P. Pellegrino. 1992. Monitoring the Mt. Pinatubo aerosol layer with NOAA-11 AVHRR data. Geophysical Research Letters 19: 159-162. Stowe, L.L., A.M. Ignatov, and R.R. Singh. 1997. Development, validation, and potential enhancements to the second-generation operational aerosol product at the national environmental satellite, data, and information service of the national oceanic and atmospheric administration. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 102: 16,923-16,934. Stroeve, J.C., M.C. Serreze, F. Fetterer, T. Arbetter, W. Meier, J. Maslanik, and K. Knowles. 2005. Tracking the Arctic’s shrinking ice cover: Another extreme September minimum in 2004. Geophysical Research Letters 32(4): L04501, doi: 10.1029/2004GL021810. Strub, P.T., P.M. Kosro, and A. Huyer. 1991. The nature of the cold filaments in the California current system. Journal of Geophysical Research (C) Oceans 96(8): 14,743-14,768. Suliman, M.M. 1988. Dynamics of range plants and desertification monitoring in the Sudan. Desertification Control Bulletin 16: 27-31. Suomi, V.E. 1961. Earth’s thermal radiation balance; preliminary results from Explorer 7. EOS. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 42(4): 467-474. Suomi, V.E., T.H. Vonder Haar, R.J. Krauss, and A.J. Stamm. 1971. Possibilities for sounding the atmosphere from a geosynchronous spacecraft. Space Research 11: 609-617. Sweet, W.R., R. Fett, J. Kerline, and P. LaViolette. 1981. Air-sea interaction effects in the lower troposphere across the north wall of the Gulf Stream. Monthly Weather Review 109: 1,042-1,052. Szeliga, W., T.I. Melbourne, M.M. Miller, and V.M. Santillan. 2004. Southern Cascadia episodic slow earthquakes. Geophysical Research Letters 31: L16602, doi:10.1029/2004GL020824. Takashima, H., and M. Shiotani. 2007. Ozone variation in the tropical tropopause layer as seen from ozonesonde data. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: D11123, doi:10.1029/2006JD008322.

OCR for page 117
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Tamisiea, M.E., J.X. Mitrovica, J.L. Davis. 2007. GRACE Gravity Data Constrain Ancient Ice Geometries and Continental Dynamics over Laurentia. Science 316: 881. Tanré, D., F.M. Breon, J.L. Deuze, M. Herman, P. Goloub, F. Nadal, and A. Marchand. 2001. Global observation of anthropogenic aerosols from satellite. Geophysical Research Letters 28: 4,555-4,558. Tansey, K., J.-M. Grégoire, D. Stroppiana, A. Sousa, J. M.N. Silva, J.M.C. Pereira, L. Boschetti, M. Maggi, P.A. Brivio, R. Fraser, S. Flasse, D. Ershov, E. Binaghi, D. Graetz, and P. Peduzzi. 2004. Vegetation burning in the year 2000: Global burned area estimates from SPOT VEGETATION data. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres 109: D14S03, doi:10.1029/2003JD003598. Tarboton, D.G. 1997. A new method for the determination of flow directions and upslope areas in grid digital elevation models. Water Resources Research 33(2): 309-320. Tardin, A.T., D.C.L. Lee, R.J.R. Santos, O.R. Assis, M.P.S. Barbosa, M.L. Moreira, M.T. Pereira, D. Silva, and C.P. Santos Filho. 1980. Subprojeto Desmatamento, Convêino IBDF/CNPq-INPE 1979. Technical Report INPE-1649-RPE/103. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, São Paulo. Tardin, A.T., and R.P. Cunha. 1989. Avaliação da alteração da cobertura florestal na Amazônia Legal utilizando Sensoriamento Remoto Orbital. Technical Report INPE-5010-RPE/607, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos. Thompson, A.M., B.G. Doddridge, J.C. Witte, R.D. Hudson, W.T. Luke, J.E. Johnson, B.J. Johnson, S.J. Oltmans, and R. Weller. 2000. A tropical Atlantic paradox: Shipboard and satellite views of a tropospheric ozone maximum and wave-one in January-February 1999. Geophysical Research Letters 27: 3,317-3,320. Thompson, A.M., J.C. Witte, R.D. Hudson, H. Guo, J.R. Herman, and M. Fujiwara. 2001. Tropical tropospheric ozone and biomass burning. Science 291: 2,128-2,132. Thompson, A.M., J.C. Witte, R.D. McPeters, S.J. Oltmans, F.J. Schmidlin, J.A. Logan, M. Ujiwara, V.W. J.H. Kirchhoff, and G. Labow. 2003. Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) 1998-2000 tropical ozone climatology 2. Tropospheric variability and the zonal wave-one. Journal of Geophysical Research 108(D2): 8,238, doi:10.1029/2002JD002241. Tierney C.C., M.E. Parke, and G.H. Born. 1998. Ocean tides from along track altimetry. Journal of Geophysical Research 103: 10,273-10,287. Tilford, S. 1984. Global habitability and Earth remote sensing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 312(1519): 115-118. Torres, O., P.K. Bhartia, J.R. Herman, A. Sinyuk, P. Ginoux, and B. Holben. 2002. A long-term record of aerosol optical depth from TOMS observations and comparison to AERONET measurements. Journal of Atmospheric Science 59: 398-413. Townshend, J.R.G., T.E. Goff, and C.J.Tucker. 1985. Multitemporal dimensionality of images of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index at continental scales. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 23: 888-895. Trenberth, K.E., J.M. Caron, and D.P. Stepaniak. 2001. The atmospheric energy budget and implications for surface fluxes and ocean heat transports. Climate Dynamics 17: 259-276. Tucker, C.J. 1979. Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation. Remote Sensing of Environment 8(2): 127-150. Tucker, C.J., J.R.G. Townshend, and T.E. Goff. 1985. African land cover classification using satellite data. Science 227: 369-375. Tucker, C.J., I.Y. Fung, C.D. Keeling, and R.H.Gammon. 1986. Relationship between atmospheric CO2 variations and a satellite-derived vegetation index. Nature 319 (6050): 195-199. Tucker, C.J., H.E. Dregne, and W.W. Newcomb. 1991. Expansion and contraction of the Sahara desert from 1980 to 1990. Science 253: 299-301. Tung, K.K., M.K.W. Ko, and J.M. Rodriguez. 1986. Are Antarctic ozone variations a manifestation of dynamics or chemistry? Nature 333: 811-814. Turner, B.L., W.C. Clark, R.W. Kates, J.F. Richards, J.T. Mathews, and W.B. Meyer eds. 1990. The Earth as Transformed by Human Action. Cambridge University Press, New York. Underwood, E., S. Ustin, and D. DiPietro. 2003. Mapping non-native species using hyperspectral imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 86(2): 150-161. Underwood, E., S.L. Ustin, and C. Ramirez. 2006. A comparison of spatial and spectral image resolution for mapping invasive plants in coastal California. Ecological Management 39(1): 63-83. Ustin, S.L., C.A. Wessman, B. Curtiss, E. Kasischke, J. Way, and V.C. Vanderbilt. 1991. Opportunities for using the EOS imaging spectrometers and synthetic aperture radar in ecological models. Ecology 72: 1,934-1,945. Ustin, S.L., D.A. Roberts, J.A. Gamon, G.P. Asner, and R.O. Green. 2004. Using imaging spectroscopy to study ecosystem processes and properties. Bioscience 54: 523-534. Van Allen, J.A., G.H. Ludwig, E.C. Ray, and C.E. McIlwain. 1958. Observation of high intensity radiation by satellites 1958 Alpha and Gamma. U.S. National Academy of Sciences, I.G.Y. Satellite Report Series 3: 73-92. Van Allen, J.A., and L.A. Frank. 1959. Radiation around the Earth to a radial distance of 107,400 km. Nature 183: 430-434. Van Wilgen, B., M.O. Andreae, J.G. Goldammer, and J.A. Lindesay (eds.). 1997. Fire in Southern African Savana: Ecological and Atmospheric Perspectives. University of Witwatersrand Press, Johannesburg. Von Ahn, J.M., J.M. Sienkiewicz, and P.S. Chang. 2006. Operational impact of QuikSCAT winds at the NOAA Ocean Prediction Center. Weather Forecasting 21: 523-539. Vonder Haar, T.H., and V. Suomi. 1969. Satellite observations of the Earth’s radiation budget. Science 14: 667-669. Vonder Haar, T.H., and V. Suomi. 1971. Measurements of the Earth’s radiation budget from satellites during a five-year period. Part I: Extended time and space means. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 28: 305-314. Vonder Haar, T.H., and A.H. Oort. 1973. New estimate of annual poleward energy transport by northern hemisphere oceans. Journal of Physical Oceanography 2: 169-172. Wahr, J., S. Swenson, V. Zlotnicki, and I. Velicogna. 2004. Time-variable gravity from GRACE: First results. Geophysical Research Letters 31: L11501, doi:10.1029/2004GL019779. Wahr, J., S. Swenson, and I. Velicogna. 2006. The accuracy of GRACE mass estimates. Geophysical Research Letters 33: L06401 doi:10.1029/2005GL025305 Wallace, J.M., T.P. Mitchell, and C. Deser. 1989. The influence of sea-surface temperature on surface wind in the eastern equatorial Pacific: Seasonal and interannual variability. Journal of Climate 2: 1,492-1,499. Ware, R., M. Exner, D. Feng, M. Gorbunov, K. Hardy, B. Herman, Y. Kuo, T. Meehan, W. Melbourne, C. Rocken, W. Schreiner, S. Sokolovskiy, F. Solheim, X. Zou, R. Anthes, S. Businger, and K. Trenberth. 1996. GPS sounding of the atmosphere from low Earth orbit: Preliminary results. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 77: 19-40. Warren, S. G. 1982. Optical properties of snow. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics 20(1): 67-89. Waters, J.W., L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, G.L. Manney, L.S. Elson, D.A. Flower, R.F. Jarnot, and R.S. Harwood. 1993. Stratospheric ClO and ozone from the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite. Nature 362: 597-602. Wayne, R.P. 1985. Chemistry of Atmosphere. Clarendon, Oxford. Weng, F., L. Zhao, G. Poe, R. Ferraro, X. Li, and N. Grody. 2003. AMSU cloud and precipitation algorithms. Radio Science 38: 8,068-8,079. Wexler, H. 1954. Observing the weather from a satellite vehicle. Journal of the British Interplanetary Society 13: 269-276.

OCR for page 118
Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements Wielicki, B.A., T. Wong, R.P. Allan, A. Slingo, J.T. Kiehl, B.J. Soden, C.T. Gordon, A.J. Miller, S.K. Yang, D.A. Randall, F. Robertson, J. Susskind, and H. Jacobowitz. 2002. Evidence for large decadal variability in the tropical mean radiative energy budget. Science 295: 841-844. Williams, A.P., and E.R. Hunt. 2002. Estimation of leafy spurge cover from hyperspectral imagery using mixture tuned matched filtering. Remote Sensing of Environment 82: 446-456. Willson, R.C., S. Gulkis, M. Jansen, N.S. Hudson, and G.A. Chapman. 1981. Observations of solar irradiance variability. Science 211: 700-702. Willson, R.C., and H.S. Hudson. 1988. Solar luminosity variations in solar cycle-21. Nature 332: 810-812. Wilson, M.F., and A. Henderson-Sellers. 1985. Land cover and soils data sets for use in general circulation climate models. Journal of Climatology 5: 119-143. Winker, D.M., R.H. Couch, and M.P. McCormick. 1996. An overview of LITE: NASA’s Lidar In-space Technology Experiment. Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 84: 164-180. Winker, D.M. 1997. LITE: Results, performance characteristics, and data archive. Proceedings of SPIE 3218: 186-193. WMO (World Meteorological Organization). 2006. Antarctic Ozone Bulletin, No. 7. Available at http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/documents/ant-bulletin-7-2006_000.pdf. Accessed July 12, 2007. WMO. 2007. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project—Report No. 50. WMO, Geneva, Switzerland. Available at http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/SAP/Scientific_Assessment_2006. WMO-UNEP. 2006. Executive Summary of WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. Available at http://www.wmo.ch/pages/prog/arep/gaw/ozone_2006/ozone_asst_report.html. Accessed July 12, 2007. Wofsy, S.C., M.B. McElroy, and Y.L. Yung. 1975. The chemistry of atmospheric bromine. Geophysical Research Letters 2: 215-218. Wong, T., B.A. Wielicki, R.B. Lee, G.L. Smith, K.A. Bush, and J.K. Willis. 2006. Reexamination of the observed decadal variability of the earth radiation budget using altitude-corrected ERBE/ERBS nonscanner WFOV data. Journal of Climate 19: 4,028-4,040. Worden, H.M., J. Logan, J.R. Worden, R. Beer, K. Bowman, S.A. Clough, A. Eldering, B. Fisher, M.R. Gunson, R.L. Herman, S.S. Kulawik, M.C. Lampel, M. Luo, I.A. Megretskaia, G.B. Osterman, and M.W. Shephard. 2007. Comparisons of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) ozone profiles to ozonesondes: Methods and initial results. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: D03309, doi:10.1029/2006GL027806. Wuebbles, D.J., F.M. Luther, and J.E. Penner. 1983. Effect of coupled anthropogenic perturbations on stratospheric ozone. Journal of Geophysical Research 88: 1,444-1,456. Wunsch, C., and R. Ferrari. 2004. Vertical mixing, energy and the general circulation of the oceans. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 36: 281-314. Wunsch, C. 2007. The past and future ocean circulation from a contemporary perspective. AGU Monograph, in press. Wyrtki, K. 1975. El Niño—The dynamic response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to atmospheric forcing. Journal of Physical Oceanography 5: 572-584. Xie, S.-P. 2004. Satellite observations of cool ocean-atmosphere interaction. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 85: 195-208. Yang E.-S., D.M. Cunnold, R.J. Salawitch, M.P. McCormick, J. Russell III, J.M. Zawodny, S. Oltmans, and M.J. Newchurch. 2006. Attribution of recovery in lower-stratospheric ozone. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: D17309, doi:10.1029/2005JD006371. Yung, Y.L., J.P. Pinto, R.T. Watson, and S.P. Sander. 1980. Atmospheric bromine and ozone perturbations in the lower stratosphere. Journal of Atmospheric Science 37: 339-353. Yurganov, L.N., P. Duchatelet, A.V. Dzhola, D.P. Edwards, F. Hase, I. Kramer, E. Mahieu, J. Mellqvist, J. Notholt, P.C. Novelli, A. Rockmann, H.E. Scheel, M. Schneider, A. Schulz, A. Strandberg, R. Sussmann, H. Tanimoto, V. Velazco, J.R. Drummond, and J.C. Gille. 2004. Increased northern hemisphere carbon monoxide burden in the troposphere in 2002 and 2003 detected from the ground and from space. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions 4: 4,999-5,017. Zapotocny, T.H., J.A. Jung, J.F. Le Marshall, and R.E. Treadon. 2007. A two-season impact study of satellite and in situ data in the NCEP Global Data Assimilation System. Weather Forecasting 22: 887-909. Zarco-Tejada, P.J., J.R. Miller, G.H. Mohammed, and T.L. Noland. 2000a. Chlorophyll fluorescence effects on vegetation apparent reflectance: I. Leaf-level measurements and model simulation. Remote Sensing of Environment 74: 582-595. Zarco-Tejada, P.J., J.R. Miller, G.H. Mohammed, T.L. Noland, and P.H. Sampson. 2000b. Chlorophyll fluorescence effects on vegetation apparent reflectance: II. Laboratory and airborne canopy level measurements with hyperspectral data. Remote Sensing of Environment 74: 596-608. Zarco-Tejada, P.J., C.A. Rueda, and S.L.Ustin. 2003. Water content estimation in vegetation with MODIS reflectance data and model inversion methods. Remote Sensing of Environment 85: 109-124. Zebiak, S.E. 1982. A simple atmospheric model of relevance to El Niño. Journal of Atmospheric Science 39l: 2,017-2,027. Zebker, H. 2000. Studying the Earth with interferometric radar. Computing in Science and Engineering 2(3): 52-60. Zebker, H.A., F. Amelung, and S. Jonsson. 2000. Remote Sensing of Volcano Surface and Internal Processes Using Radar Interferometry. Pp. 179-205 in Mouginis-Mark et al., eds., Remote Sensing of Active Volcanism. AGU Monograph No. 116, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC. Zhao, H., and R. Shibasaki, 2001, Reconstructing textured CAD model of urban environment using vehicle-borne laser range scanner and line camera. http://lvis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ws_images /abstracts/old/Abstracts_070201.pdf, p.20. Ziemke, J.R., S. Chandra, and P.K. Bhartia. 1998. Two new methods for deriving tropospheric column ozone from TOMS measurements: Assimilated UARS MLS/HALOE and convective-cloud differential techniques. Journal of Geophysical Research 103(D17): 22,115-22,128. Ziemke, J.R., S. Chandra, and P.K. Bhartia. 2001. “Cloud slicing”: A new technique to derive upper tropospheric ozone from satellite measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research 106(D9): 9,853-9,867. Ziemke, J.R., and S. Chandra. 2005. A 25-year data record of atmospheric ozone in the Pacific from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) cloud slicing: Implications for ozone trends in the stratosphere and troposphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 110: D15105, doi:10.1029/2004JD005687. Zwally, H.J., J.C. Comiso, C.L. Parkinson, D.J. Cavalieri, and P. Gloersen. 2002. Variability of Antarctic sea ice 1979-1998. Journal of Geophysical Resarch 107(C5): 3041, doi:10.1029/2000JC000733.