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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. Appendix B
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Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements
Appendix B
Acronyms
ADEOS Advanced Earth Observing Satellite
AgriSTARS Agriculture and Resources Inventory Experiment Through Aerospace Remote Surveys
AIRS Atmospheric Infrared Sounder
ALBH Albert Head
ALOS Advanced Land Observation Satellite (Japan)
AMI Advanced Monitoring Initiative
AMSR-E Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS
AMSU Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit
APAR Absorbed photosynthetic radiation
ARGOS Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite
ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer
ASTR Along Track Scanning Radiometer
ATS Applications Technology Satellite
ATSR-M Along Track Scanning Radiometer-Microwave
AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
AVIRIS Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer
AWiFS Advanced Wide Field Sensor
B Biomass
BGC BioGeochemical cycles
BOMEX Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment
BrO Bromine oxide
BUV Backscattered ultraviolet
CALIPSO Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations
CASA Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon
CHAMP Challenging Mission Payload
ClO Chlorine monoxide
ClONO2 Chlorine nitrate
CloudSat Cloud Satellite
CNES Centre Nationales d’Etudes Spatiales
CO Carbon monoxide
CO2 Carbon dioxide
COSMIC Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate
CRS Cloud Radar System
CSA Canadian Space Agency
CZCS Coastal Zone Color Scanner
DLR Deutsches Zentrum für Luft—und Raumfahrt
DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
DORIS Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite
DU Dobson units
ECMWF European Centre for Medium Range Forecasting
ENSO El Niño-Southern Oscillation
ENVISAT European Enivronmental Satellite
EORC Earth Observation Research Center
EOS Earth Observing System
ERBE Earth Radiation Budget Experiment
ERS European Remote Sensing Satellite
ERTS Earth Resources Technology Satellite
ESA European Space Agency
ESMR Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer
ETM Enhanced Thematic Mapper
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FEWS NET Famine Early Warning System Network
FGGE First GARP Global Experiment
FORMOSAT Formosa Satellite
GAC Global Area Coverage
GARP Global Atmospheric Research Program
GATE GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment
GBA Global Burnt Area
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Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements
GCM Global Climate Model
GDR Geophysical Data Record
GEO Geosynchronous orbit
Geos3 Geodynamics Experimental Ocean Satellite 3
GIS Geographic information system
GLC Global Land Cover
GLCC Global Land Cover Classification
GLIMS Global Land Ice Measurement from Space
GLOBSCAR Global Burn Scar
GMCC Global Monitoring for Climate Change
GMS Geostationary Meteorological Satellite
GOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (Japan)
GOME Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment
GOMS Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite (Russia)
GPM Global Precipitation Mission
GPS Global Positioning System
GPS/MET Global Positioning System/Meteorology
GRACE Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center
GWE Global Weather Experiment
HALOE Halogen Occultation Experiment
HCl Hydrochloric acid
HIRS High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder
HNLC High nutrient low chlorophyll
I Light intensity
ICESat Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite
IGY International Geophysical Year
InSAR Interferometric synthetic aperture radar
IPAR Intercepted photosynthetically active radiation
IR Infrared
IRIS Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer
IRS Indian Remote Sensing Satellite
ISCCP International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project
ITOS Improved TIROS Operational System
JAXA Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency
JERS Japanese Earth Resources Satellite
JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory
LAC Local area coverage
LACIE Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment
LAGEOS Laser Geodynamics Satellites
LAI Leaf area index
Landsat Land Satellite
LaRC Langley Research Center
LEO Low earth orbit
Lidar Light detection and ranging
LIMS Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere
LRIR Limb Radiance Inversion Radiometer
MABL Marine atmospheric boundary layer
MAPS Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites
MCC Mesoscale Convective Complex
McIDAS Man-Computer Interactive Data Access System
MERIS Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer
MET Meteorology
MISR Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer
MLS Microwave Limb Sounder
MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
MOPITT Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere
MOS Maritime Observation Satellite
MSS Multispectral scanner
MTSAT Multi-functional Transport Satellite (Japan)
NAE National Academy of Engineering
NAS National Academy of Sciences
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research
NCEP National Centers for Environmental Prediction
NDVI Normalized difference vegetation index
NHC National Hurricane Center
NIR Near-infrared
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOx Nitrogen oxides
NPP Net primary productivity
NRC National Research Council
NSCAT NASA Scatterometer
NSIDC National Snow and Ice Data Center
NWS National Weather Service
O3 Ozone
OCI Ocean Color Imager
OCTS Ocean Color and Temperature Sensor
OMI Ozone Monitoring Instrument
P Productivity
PECAD Production Estimates and Crop Assessment Division
P-I Photosynthesis irradiance
PR Precipitation radar
PRI Photochemical reflective index
PSC Polar stratospheric clouds
QuikSCAT Quick Scatterometer
RA Radar Altimeter
Radar Radio detection and ranging
RAPID Research into Adaptive Particle Imaging Detectors
RBV Return beam videocon
RES Radio-echo sounding
SAGE Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment
SAMS Stratospheric and Mesospheric Sounder
SAR Synthetic aperture radar
SBUV Solar backscattered ultraviolet
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Earth Observations from Space: The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements
SCIAMACHY Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography
SCLP Snow and Cold Land Processes
SCR Selective Chopper Radiometer
SeaWiFS Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor
SIR Shuttle Imaging Radar
SIRS Satellite Infrared Spectrometer
SMMR Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer
SMS Synchronous Meteorological Satellite
SO2 Sulfur dioxide
SPOT Satellite Probatoire pour l’Observation de la Terre
SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
SSEC Space Science and Engineering Center
SSH Sea surface height
SSM/I Special Sensor Microwave/Imager
SSM/R Special Sensor Microwave/Radiometer
SST Sea surface temperature
TIROS Television Infrared Observation Satellite
TM Thematic Mapper
TM/ETM Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper
TMI TRMM Microwave Imager
TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer
TOPEX Topography Experiment
T/P TOPEX/Poseidon
TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission
TSI Total solar irradiance
TW Threat Warning
TWS Terrestrial Water Storage
UARS Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
UV Ultraviolet
VCF Vegetation Continuous Fields
VGPM Vertically Generalized Production Model
VIRS Visible Infrared Scanner
VISSR Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer
WINDSAT Wind Satellite
W/m2 Watts per square meter