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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
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APPENDIX C
References

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Congressional Action on Research and Development in the FY 2006 Budget. Available at www.aaas.org/spp/rd/ca06main.htm. Accessed February 15, 2007.

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) R&D Funding Update on R&D in NIH FY 2007 House Appropriations.

Association of American Universities/Council on Governmental Relations. 2004. Restrictions on Research Awards: Troublesome Clauses, A Report of the AAU/COGR Task Force. Available at www.aau.edu/research/Rpt4.8.04.pdf. Accessed February 14, 2007.

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust. 2005. “Managing risks of misuse associated with grant funding activities: a Joint BBSRC, MRC and Wellcome Trust policy statement,” September 2005.

Cello, J., Paul, A., and Wimmer, E. 2002. Chemical synthesis of Poliovirus cDNA: Generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template. Science. 297 (5583):1016-1018.

Center for Strategic and International Studies. 2005. Security Controls on Scientific Information and the Conduct of Scientific Research. Washington, D.C.

Check, E. 2006. Synthetic biologists try to calm fears. Nature. 441(7092):388.

Council of Graduate Schools. International Graduate Admissions Survey. Available at www.cgsnet.org/Default.aspx?tabid=172. Accessed February 15, 2007.

DeCrappeo, A. President, COGR, to Ms. Debra Overstreet, OUSD (AT&L), DPAP (DARS), IMB 3C132, The Pentagon, October 13, 2006.

Department of Defense. 48 CFR Parts 204, 235, and 252 (DFARS Case 2004-D010). Defense federal acquisition regulation supplement; export-controlled information and technology. Federal Register. 70(132):39976-39978. Available at www.fas.org/sgp/news/2005/07/fr071205.html. Accessed February 15, 2007.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×

Department of State. 2006. Notice of effective date for implementation of five-year professor and research scholar exchange program. Federal Register. 71(211):64330.

Fauci, A.S., Zerhouni, E. 2005. NIH response to open letter. Science. 308(5718):49.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). September 15, 2005. “FBI Appoints National Security Higher Education Advisory Board.” FBI: Washington, D.C.

GeneWatch UK. 2006. Global Coalition Sounds the Alarm on Synthetic Biology, Demands and Societal Debate. May 19. Available at www.genewatch.org/article.shtml?als[cid]=492860&als[itemid]=537746. Accessed January 12, 2007.

Hart, G. 2006. The Shield and the Cloak: The Security of the Commons. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hearings before the U.S. Economic and Security Review Commission, April 2005. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2005.

Inside the Pentagon. 2006. England: Decline of S&T Capabilities Is the Greatest ‘Long-Term’ Threat. InsideWashington Publishers: November 2.

InterAcademy Panel. 2005, “IAP Statement on Biosecurity,” November 2005.

Kennedy, D. Better never than late. Science. 310(5746):195.

Koizumi, K. 2006. AAAS. Congressional Action on Research and Development in the FY 2006 Budget. Available at www.aaas.org/spp/rd/cafore06.pdf. Accessed February 14, 2007.

Knezo, G. J. 2006. “Sensitive But Unclassified” information and other controls: policy options for scientific and technical information. CRS Report for Congress, February 15.

Malkoff, D. and M. Enserink. 2003. Researchers await government response to self-regulation plea. Science. 302(5644):368.

Mote, C.D. University of Maryland. 2005. Testimony before the House Committee on Education and Workforce, Subcommittee on 21st Century Competitiveness and Select Education Committee on Education and the Workforce. March 17.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×

National Academies. 2005. Deemed Export Policy: A Workshop on the Inspector General’s Report to the Department of Commerce. Transcript from a meeting. May 5. Available at www7.nationalacademies.org/stl/STL_0505_transcript.pdf. Accessed February 14, 2007.

National Academies. 2005. Policy Implications of International Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Students in the United States. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.

National Academies. 2002. Statement on Science and Security in an Age of Terrorism from Bruce Alberts, Wm. A. Wulf, and Harvey Fineberg, Presidents of the National Academies. October 18. Available at www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=s10182002b. Accessed February 14, 2007.

National Academy of Sciences. 2002. Terrorism: Perspectives from the Behavioral and Social Sciences. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, p. 50.

National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of National Academies. 2007. Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.

National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy. 1982. Scientific Communication and National Security. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

National Policy on the Transfer of Scientific, Technical and Engineering Information. September 21, 1985. Available at www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/nsdd/nsdd-189.htm. Accessed December 28, 2006.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×

National Research Council. 2002. Making the Nation Safer: The Role of Science and Technology in Countering Terrorism. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.

National Research Council. 2004. Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.

National Science Board. 2004. Science and Engineering Indicators 2004 (NSB 04-1). Arlington VA: National Science Foundation (NSF).

NSF. 2004. Graduate Enrollment in Science and Engineering Fields Reaches New Peak; First-Time Enrollment of Foreign Students Declines. NSF 04-326. Arlington, VA: NSF.

Norris, J. 2004. Restrictions on Research Awards: Troublesome Clauses, A Report of the AAU/COGR Task Force. Available at www.aau.edu/research/Rpt4.8.04.pdf. Accessed January 10, 2007.

Oliver, J. 2006. First-Time Science and Engineering Graduate Enrollment of Foreign Students Drops for the Third Straight Year. NSF 06-321. Arlington, VA: NSF.

Panel on Scientific Communication and National Security. Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy. 1982. Scientific Communication and National Security. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Report of the Commission on Protecting and Reducing Government Secrecy. 1997. Senate Document 105-2 Pursuant To Public Law 236, 103rd Congress. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Rice, C. 2001. Letter from Condoleezza Rice to Harold Brown. November 1. Available at www.fas.org/sgp/bush/cr110101.html. Accessed December 28, 2006.

Saxenian, A. L. 2001. Silicon Valley’s New Immigrant Entrepreneurs. Working Paper No. 15. San Diego, CA: Center for Comparative Immigration Studies. Available at www.ccis-ucsd.org/PUBLICATIONS/wrkg15.PDF. Accessed February 15, 2007.

Service, R. F. The synthetic biologist’s code. ScienceNow Daily News. Available at sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2006/523/1. Accessed February 15, 2007

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×

Sharp, P. 2005. 1918 flu and responsible science. Science. 310(5745):17.

Smith, H.O., Hutchinson, C. A., Pfannkoch, C., Venter, J. C. 2003. Generating a synthetic genome by whole genome assembly: X174 bacteriophage from synthetic oligonucleotides. Proceedings of the National Academies. 100(26):15440-15445.

Stafford, N. 2006. EU stem cell funding in jeopardy? The Scientist. March 28. Available at www.the-scientist.com/news/display/23252/. Accessed February 14, 2007.

The Sunshine Project. 2004. Mandate for Failure: The State of Institutional Biosafety Committees in an Age of Biological Weapons Research. Available from www.sunshineproject.org/biodefense/ibcreport.html. Accessed January 12, 2007.

Tumpey, T., Basler, C., Auilar, P.V., Zeng, H., Solorzano, A., Swanye, D. E., Cox, N.J., Katz, J. M., Taubenberger, J. M., Palese, P., Garcia-Sastrse, A. 2005. Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus. Science. 310(5745):77-80.

U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. 2005. Hearings Before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. April 24-25. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Commission on National Security/21st Century (Hart-Rudman Commission, Phase III). 2001. Road Map for National Security: Imperative for Change, February 15.

U.S. General Accountability Office. 2006. Export Controls: Agencies Should Assess Vulnerabilities and Improve Guidance for Protecting Export-Controlled Information at Universities. Available at www.gao.gov/new.items/d0770.pdf. Accessed February 14, 2007.

Wallerstein, M. B. 2003. After the Cold War: A new calculus for science and security. Academe. 89(5):10-15.

Wein L. M., and Liu Y. 2005. Analyzing a bioterror attack on the food supply: The case of botulinum toxin in milk. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102(28):9984-9989.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×
Page 92
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×
Page 93
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×
Page 94
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×
Page 95
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C References." National Research Council. 2007. Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12013.
×
Page 96
Next: Appendix D Committee on a New Government-University Partnership for Science and Security »
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Based on a series of regional meetings on university campuses with officials from the national security community and academic research institutions, this report identifies specific actions that should be taken to maintain a thriving scientific research environment in an era of heightened security concerns. Actions include maintaining the open exchange of scientific information, fostering a productive environment for international scholars in the U.S., reexamining federal definitions of sensitive but unclassified research, and reviewing policies on deemed export controls. The federal government should establish a standing entity, preferably a Science and Security Commission, that would review policies regarding the exchange of information and the participation of foreign-born scientists and students in research.

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