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Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Free Resources Sign in to download PDF book and chapters PDF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences Review of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program's Synthesis and Assessment Product 5.2, "Best Practice Approaches for Characterizing, Communicating, and Incorporating Scientific Uncertainty in Climate Decision Making" Other Related Titles Review of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program's Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.2, "Climate Projections Based on Emission Scenarios for Long-lived and Short-lived Radiatively Active Gases and Aerosols" (2007) Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (BASC) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 22   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. References Boer, G. J. and Yu, B., 2003a: Climate sensitivity and climate state. Climate Dynamics, 21: 167-176. Boer, G. J. and Yu, B., 2003b: Climate sensitivity and response. Climate Dynamics, 20:415-429. Boer, G. J. and Yu, B., 2003c: Dynamical aspects of climate sensitivity. Geophysical Research Letters, 30: 35-31. Gauss, M., Myhre, G., Pitari, G., Prather, M. J., Isaksen, I. S. A., Berntsen, T. K., Brasseur, G. P., Dentener, F. J., Derwent, R. G., Hauglustaine, D. A., Horowitz, L. W., Jacob, D. J., Johnson, M., Law, K. S., Mickley, L. J., Müller, J. F., Plantevin, P. H., Pyle, J. A., Rogers, H. L., Stevenson, D. S., Sundet, J. K., van Weele, M., and Wild, O., 2003: Radiative forcing in the 21st century due to ozone changes in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 108: ACH 15-11 ACH 15-21. Gauss, M., Myhre, G., Isaksen, I. S. A., Grewe, V., Pitari, G., Wild, O., Collins, W. J., Dentener, F. J., Ellingsen, K., Gohar, L. K., Hauglustaine, D. A., Iachetti, D., Lamarque, J. F., Mancini, E., Mickley, L. J., Prather, M. J., Pyle, J. A., Sanderson, M. G., Shine, K. P., Stevenson, D. S., Sudo, K., Szopa, S., and Zeng, G., 2006: Radiative forcing since preindustrial times due to ozone change in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6: 575-599. Hansen, J., Sato, M., Lacis, A., and Ruedy, R., 1997a: The missing climate forcing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, 352: 231-240. Hansen, J., Sato, M., and Ruedy, R., 1997b: Radiative forcing and climate response. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 102: 6831-6864. Hansen, J., Sato, M., Ruedy, R., Lacis, A., Asamoah, K., Beckford, K., Borenstein, S., Brown, E., Cairns, B., Carlson, B., Curran, B., De Castro, S., Druyan, L., Etwarrow, P., Ferede, T., Fox, M., Gaffen, D., Glascoe, J., Gordon, H., Hollandsworth, S., Jiang, X., Johnson, C., Lawrence, N., Lean, J., Lerner, J., Lo, K., Logan, J., Luckett, A., McCormick, M. P., McPeters, R., Miller, R., Minnis, P., Ramberran, I., Russell, G., Russell, P., Stone, P., Tegen, I., Thomas, S., Thomason, L., Thompson, A., Wilder, J., Willson, R., and Zawodny, J., 1997c: Page 22 Front Matter (R1-R10) Summary (1-1) 1 Introduction (2-4) 2 Key Issues (5-8) 3 Stylistic Issues (9-9) 4 Review of Individual Chapters (10-21) References (22-24) Appendix A CCSP Synthesis and Assessment Products (25-30) Appendix B Prospectus for Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.2 (31-39) Appendix C Committee and Staff Biographies (40-43) Appendix D Statement of Task (44-44)

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Review of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program’s Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.2, “Climate Projections Based on Emission Scenarios for Long-lived and Short-lived Radiatively Active Gases and Aerosols” References Boer, G. J. and Yu, B., 2003a: Climate sensitivity and climate state. Climate Dynamics, 21: 167-176. Boer, G. J. and Yu, B., 2003b: Climate sensitivity and response. Climate Dynamics, 20:415-429. Boer, G. J. and Yu, B., 2003c: Dynamical aspects of climate sensitivity. Geophysical Research Letters, 30: 35-31. Gauss, M., Myhre, G., Pitari, G., Prather, M. J., Isaksen, I. S. A., Berntsen, T. K., Brasseur, G. P., Dentener, F. J., Derwent, R. G., Hauglustaine, D. A., Horowitz, L. W., Jacob, D. J., Johnson, M., Law, K. S., Mickley, L. J., Müller, J. F., Plantevin, P. H., Pyle, J. A., Rogers, H. L., Stevenson, D. S., Sundet, J. K., van Weele, M., and Wild, O., 2003: Radiative forcing in the 21st century due to ozone changes in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 108: ACH 15-11 ACH 15-21. Gauss, M., Myhre, G., Isaksen, I. S. A., Grewe, V., Pitari, G., Wild, O., Collins, W. J., Dentener, F. J., Ellingsen, K., Gohar, L. K., Hauglustaine, D. A., Iachetti, D., Lamarque, J. F., Mancini, E., Mickley, L. J., Prather, M. J., Pyle, J. A., Sanderson, M. G., Shine, K. P., Stevenson, D. S., Sudo, K., Szopa, S., and Zeng, G., 2006: Radiative forcing since preindustrial times due to ozone change in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6: 575-599. Hansen, J., Sato, M., Lacis, A., and Ruedy, R., 1997a: The missing climate forcing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, 352: 231-240. Hansen, J., Sato, M., and Ruedy, R., 1997b: Radiative forcing and climate response. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 102: 6831-6864. Hansen, J., Sato, M., Ruedy, R., Lacis, A., Asamoah, K., Beckford, K., Borenstein, S., Brown, E., Cairns, B., Carlson, B., Curran, B., De Castro, S., Druyan, L., Etwarrow, P., Ferede, T., Fox, M., Gaffen, D., Glascoe, J., Gordon, H., Hollandsworth, S., Jiang, X., Johnson, C., Lawrence, N., Lean, J., Lerner, J., Lo, K., Logan, J., Luckett, A., McCormick, M. P., McPeters, R., Miller, R., Minnis, P., Ramberran, I., Russell, G., Russell, P., Stone, P., Tegen, I., Thomas, S., Thomason, L., Thompson, A., Wilder, J., Willson, R., and Zawodny, J., 1997c:

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Review of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program’s Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.2, “Climate Projections Based on Emission Scenarios for Long-lived and Short-lived Radiatively Active Gases and Aerosols” Forcings and chaos in interannual to decadal climate change. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 102: 25,679-625,720. Joshi, M., Shine, K., Ponater, M., Stuber, N., Sausen, R., and Li, L., 2003: A comparison of climate response to different radiative forcings in three general circulation models: Towards an improved metric of climate change. Climate Dynamics, 20: 843-854. Mickley, L. J., Jacob, D. J., Field, B. D., and Rind, D., 2004: Climate response to the increase in tropospheric ozone since preindustrial times: A comparison between ozone and equivalent CO2 forcings. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 109: D05106 05101-05113. Naik, V., Mauzerall, D., Horowitz, L., Schwarzkopf, M. D., Ramaswamy, V., and Oppenheimer, M., 2005: Net radiative forcing due to changes in regional emissions of tropospheric ozone precursors. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 110: 1-14. Ramaswamy, V. and Bowen, M. M., 1994: Effect of changes in radiatively active species upon the lower stratospheric temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99:18,909-918,921. Wigley, T. M. L., Smith, S. J., and Prather, M. J., 2002: Radiative forcing due to reactive gas emissions. Journal of Climate, 15: 2690-2696. Wigley, T. M. L., Ammann, C. M., Santer, B. D., and Raper, S. C. B., 2005: Effect of climate sensitivity on the response to volcanic forcing. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, 110: 1-8. Wild, M., Ohmura, A., Gilgen, H., Morcrette, J. J., and Slingo, A., 2001: Evaluation of downward longwave radiation in general circulation models. Journal of Climate, 14: 3227-3239. Wild, O., Modelling the global tropospheric ozone budget: Exploring the variability in current models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2643–2660, 2007. Williams, M., Rastetter, E. B., Shaver, G. R., Hobbie, J. E., Carpino, E., and Kwiatkowski, B. L., 2001: Primary production of an arctic watershed: An uncertainty analysis. Ecological Applications, 11: 1800-1816. Wu, S., Mickley, L .J., Jacob, D. J., Logan, J. A., Yantosca, R. M., and Rind, D., 2007: Why are there large differences between models in global budgets of tropospheric ozone?, J. Geophys. Res., 112: D05302, doi:10.1029/2006JD007801.

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Review of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program’s Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.2, “Climate Projections Based on Emission Scenarios for Long-lived and Short-lived Radiatively Active Gases and Aerosols” This page intentionally left blank.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

radiative forcing