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Appendix B
Biographies
ORGANIZERS
Leonard J. Buckley as manager of the Materials Chemistry Branch at the Naval Research Laboratory’s Chemistry Division, is responsible for guiding research and technology that ranges from fundamental studies in materials synthesis and polymer science to engineering problem solving for U.S. Navy systems. Dr. Buckley was detailed to the Defense Science Office at DARPA in 2001 to manage the Electroactive Polymers Program as well as other efforts involving polymer science and materials chemistry. Dr. Buckley has a doctorate in materials science and engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a master’s degree in polymer science from MIT.
Sharon L. Haynie is a research associate at DuPont Biochemical Science and Engineering Group. Haynie earned a B.A. degree in biochemistry from the University of Pennsylvania in 1976 and a Ph.D. in chemistry from MIT in 1982. She began her DuPont career in 1984 in the company’s Experimental Station on behalf of the Membrane Scouting Group for Polymer Products after three years with the former AT&T Bell Laboratories. Subsequent assignments included the Vascular Graft Program and the Fibers Department Biomaterials Group. Dr. Haynie has worked the last 10 years in Central Research in the Biochemical Science and Engineering Program, seven years with the groundbreaking bio-3G team. Chair-elect of the Philadelphia Section of the American Chemical Society, she is most proud of her collaborations with multidisciplinary teams of chemists, biologists, and engineers in the quest for new ways to make better products that benefit society.
Douglas Ray is the chief research officer at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). He is responsible for defining and advancing PNNL’s science and technology portfolio, coordinating its scientific discretionary investments, providing oversight of the peer-review process at PNNL and its affiliate scientist program, as well as working with counterparts at other DOE laboratories to strengthen the value DOE gets from its national laboratories. A laser spectroscopist, Dr. Ray’s research interests are in the effects of weak intermolecular interactions on chemical phenomena in condensed phases, at interfaces, in clusters, and in supramolecular complexes. Dr. Ray received his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley. He was a postdoctoral research associate at the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Boulder, Colorado, prior to joining PNNL as a senior research scientist in 1990. He has served in a series of leadership positions in his career at PNNL.
SPEAKERS
Henry E. Bryndza is the technology director for chemical sciences and engineering in DuPont Central Research and Development. Dr. Bryndza joined DuPont in 1981 and has held a variety of technology, planning, marketing, and business roles. He received his S.B. in chemistry from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he conducted research in physical and synthetic organic chemistry with C. G. Swain and D. S. Kemp. He received his Ph.D. in organic chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley, where he did his thesis research on physical organometallic chemistry and catalysis with R. G. Bergman.
Michael J. Clarke is the program director for inorganic, bioinorganic and organometallic, chemistry at NSF and holds a permanent position as a professor of chemistry at Boston College. His research focus is on how unusual transition metal ions interact with biological systems. He has
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designed and discovered new bioactive metal-containing agents for anticancer and other types of therapy; developed the activation-by-reduction hypothesis for metal anticancer agents; and participated in developing the concept that ruthenium anticancer compounds preferentially enter cancer cells through binding to transferrin. He was among the first to explore how ruthenium complexes bind to DNA and developed some of the early fundamental chemistry of technetium relevant to its use in radioimaging agents. He continues to explore how metal ions affect DNA, RNA, coenzymes, and important sulfur-containing polypeptides such as glutathione. Dr. Clarke is currently interested in how nitrosyl ruthenium compounds can affect the strengthening of neuronal synapses through the release of nitric oxide at the neuronal site.
Marcetta Y. Darensbourg received her Ph.D. from the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, in 1967, working with T. L. Brown on organolithium chemistry. Following two years each at Vassar College and SUNY Buffalo, she rose through the academic ranks at Tulane University. During that time, a sabbatical year was spent at Cornell University in the laboratories of Earl Muetterties. In 1982 she and Don Darensbourg moved to Texas A&M University. She has coedited Experimental Organometallic Chemistry, an American Chemical Society (ACS) symposium volume, and Volume 32 of Inorganic Syntheses. She has served on the ACS Division of Inorganic Chemistry (DIC) governance as chair and also as chair of the Organometallic Subdivision of the DIC. Darensbourg currently serves on three editorial boards: Inorganic Chemistry, Organometallics, and Accounts of Chemical Research. Dr. Darensbourg’s awards include the ACS Distinguished Service Award in the Advancement of Inorganic Chemistry, 1996; Association of Former Students (AFS) of Texas A&M Distinguished Teaching Award, 1986 and 2006; AFS Texas A&M Distinguished Research Award, 1995. Her research interests are broadly in inorganic and organometallic reaction mechanisms; and currently, these are applied to bioinorganic systems such as hydrogenase (H2ase) enzymes. Synthetic programs are in bioorganometallic chemistry and include synthetic analogues of enzyme active sites such as [NiFe]H2ase, [FeFe] H2ase, acetyl coA synthase, and nickel superoxide dismutase. She has mentored some 40 graduate students through to the Ph.D. degree.
G. Charles Dismukes is professor of chemistry at Princeton University and an affiliated member of the Princeton Environmental Institute and the Princeton Materials Institute. His research interests focus on biological and chemical methods for solar-based fuel production, photosynthesis, metals in biological systems, and tools for investigating these systems. His published works describe the biology and chemistry of oxygen production in natural photosynthetic systems, the synthesis and characterization of bioinspired catalysts for renewable energy production, the use of microorganisms as cell factories for the production of biofuels, including hydrogen from renewable sources http://www.princeton.edu/~catalase/. Dr. Dismukes is principal investigator of the BioSolarH2 team, a multi-institutional research center focusing on microbial hydrogen http://www.princeton.edu/~biosolar/. His independent academic career has been spent entirely at Princeton University, where he currently teaches or coteaches three courses entitled Production of Renewable Fuels and Energy, Astrobiology: Life in the Universe, and the undergraduate chemistry majors laboratory. Dismukes received his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Wisconsin-Madison with John Willard, and did postdoctoral work in the Calvin Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley, with Kenneth Sauer and Melvin Klein.
Mark D. Emptage is the biology team leader for the Integrated Corn Biorefinery Program in Central Research and Development at DuPont. He received his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Illinois. He was a postdoctoral fellow in the Enzyme Institute at the University of Wisconsin before joining Central Research at DuPont in 1984. Previous to the biorefinery program Dr. Emptage was a task leader in the development of the PDO biocatalyst that is being used commercially to ferment sugar to BioPDO for DuPont’s newest polymer platform, Sorona™
Brent Erickson is executive vice president in charge of the Industrial and Environmental Section at the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO). BIO represents more than 1,100 biotechnology companies, academic institutions, state biotechnology centers, and related organizations across the United States and 31 other nations. Mr. Erickson holds a B.S. in biology and an M.A. in international studies. After completing his undergraduate degree, he was involved in fossil fuel research for three years at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Laramie Energy Technology Center. After completing graduate school, Mr. Erickson joined the staff of U.S. Senator Alan K. Simpson (R-Wyo.) as a legislative assistant handling energy, public lands, environment, defense and arms control issues. In 1993 Mr. Erickson became legislative director and managed all legislative and policy issues for the senator, who was then the Senate Republican whip. In 1996 Mr. Erickson joined the American Petroleum Institute (API) as a Washington representative and directed government relations efforts on energy and environmental issues. He was chosen to chair a Senate task force of the multiindustry Air Quality Standards Coalition. While at API he earned three special achievement awards. Mr. Erickson joined BIO in 2000 as director of the Industrial and Environmental Section. He was promoted to vice president in 2001 and executive vice president in 2005.
Thomas A. Moore is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at Arizona State University and director of the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis
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located in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. He is the interim director of the Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis in the Global Institute of Sustainability at ASU. HeHe was awarded a Chaire Internationale de Recherche Blaise Pascal, Région d’Ile de France, Service de Bioénergétique, CEA Saclay, France, for the period 2005-2007. Professor Moore has a Ph.D. in chemistry from Texas Tech University. He served as president of the American Society for Photobiology in 2004 and received the Senior Research Award from the Society in 2001. He teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in biochemistry at ASU and lectures in biophysics at the Universitè de Paris Sud, Orsay. Professor Moore’s research in artificial photosynthesis is aimed at the design, synthesis, and assembly of bioinspired constructs capable of sustainable energy production and use.
Daniel G. Nocera, the W. M. Keck Professor of Energy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is widely recognized as a leading researcher in renewable energy at the molecular level. Dr. Nocera studies the basic mechanisms of energy conversion in biology and chemistry with primary focus in recent years on the photogeneration of hydrogen and oxygen. The overall reactions require the coupling of multielectron processes to protons and are energetically uphill, thus requiring a light input. He has pioneered each of these areas of science. Most examples of multielectron photoreactions have originated from his research group in the past decade. This work has relied on the generalization of the concept of two-electron mixed-valency in chemistry. He created the field of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) at a mechanistic level with the publication of the first ultrafast laser study of an electron transfer through a hydrogen-bonded interface. With the frameworks of multielectron chemistry and PCET in place, Dr. Nocera and his graduate student, Alan Heyduk, described the first molecule to produce hydrogen photocatalytically from homogeneous solutions of hydrohalic acid. Dr. Nocera’s research in energy conversion has been featured on the nationally broadcast television programs, ABC Nightline and PBS NOVA in the United States and Explora in Europe. In 2005 he was awarded the Italgas Prize for fundamental contributions to the development of renewable energy at the molecular level.
G. Tayhas R. Palmore is a professor of engineering and medical science at Brown University, where she teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in biomaterials and thermodynamics. Dr. Palmore earned her Ph.D. in chemistry from MIT and was a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard University. In 2001, she cofounded the Center for Biomedical Engineering at Brown University, and in 2002 she coestablished the Ph.D. program in Biomedical Engineering. Dr. Palmore has received numerous awards, including postdoctoral fellowships from the National Science Foundation and the Ford Foundation, a CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation, a Center of Excellence Lectureship from Kyoto University, and a Grass Fellowship from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University. She currently serves on the editorial board of the American Chemical Society journal Crystal Growth & Design and is a consultant to industry and government agencies in areas such as biofuel cells, biosensors, batteries, and energy harvesting. Her current research addresses the problem of integrating biology with electronics and energy storage devices from two directions simultaneously: (a) by designing, fabricating, and analyzing operational bioelectronic devices; and (b) by establishing a method for controlling how materials self-assemble.
Magdalena Ramirez is the project leader for heavy oil pretreatment processes at British Petroleum (BP) in the United Kingdom. She received her Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Bath and worked as a senior specialist for emergent technologies at PDVSA-Intevep S.A. for 22 years before joining BP. Ramirez has also been a senior lecturer on technology and innovation management for Universidad Catolica Andres Bello (Venezuela) and a professor in and chair of the chemical engineering faculty of Universidad Central de Venezuela. Her research has touched on many areas, including biocatalysis, adsorbents, selective hydrogenation, and heavy oil upgrading, and has contributed to 130 worldwide patents, 100 published papers, and 120 technical reports.
Judy A. Raper is the division director for chemical, bioengineering, environmental and transport Systems (CBET) in the Engineering Directorate of the National Science Foundation. Dr. Raper recently joined NSF after serving as chair of the chemical and biological engineering department at the University of Missouri-Rolla. She is also the former dean of engineering at Sydney University in New South Wales, Australia. Dr. Raper earned a Ph.D. in chemical engineering in 1980 from the University of New South Wales. Her research interests include particle technology, droplets, sprays, aerosols, filtration, and electrostatic effects. Active in scholarship and research, Dr. Raper served as chair for the 4th World Congress on Particle Technology held in Sydney in 2002. Dr. Raper has been involved in policy formation and dissemination and change management at the national level through her work with the Australian Research Council. She is a member of the Particle Technology Forum, associated with the American Institute of Chemical Engineering, and is a fellow of the Institution of Engineers Australia, Institution of Chemical Engineering (United Kingdom), and the Australian Institution of Mining and Metallurgy.
Thomas B. Rauchfuss is a professor of chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his Ph.D. from Washington State University in 1976. He has studied overseas at the following institutions: the Australian
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National University, University of Auckland, University of Strasbourg, and the Technical University of Karlsruhe. Dr. Rauchfuss is interested in all aspects of the synthesis and reactivity of inorganic, organometallic, and main-group compounds and materials. He has received a number of awards for his contributions and is a fellow of both the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
Eric A. Rohlfing is the director of the chemical sciences, geosciences and biosciences division in the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Office of Science, Department of Energy. He received his Ph.D. in physical chemistry from Princeton University in 1982. He held postdoctoral appointments at Exxon Research and Engineering Company and at Los Alamos National Laboratory before joining the staff at the Combustion Research Facility at Sandia National Laboratories in 1986. Rohlfing joined BES in 1997 and served as program manager of the Atomic, Molecular and Optical Sciences Program from 2000 to 2003 and as team leader for Fundamental Interactions from 2003 to the present.
Dr. Rohlfing’s research interests include the experimental characterization of transient molecules relevant to combustion processes, linear and nonlinear laser spectroscopies, trace detection of pollutants, molecular beam and mass spectrometric studies of carbon and metal clusters, and vibrational relaxation dynamics. He is the author of approximately 50 peer-reviewed articles, holds membership in the American Chemical Society and the American Physical Society, and is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
John A. Turner is a principal scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. He received his Ph.D. from Colorado State University, and completed a postdoctoral appointment at the California Institute of Technology before joining the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in 1979. His research is primarily concerned with enabling technologies for the implementation of hydrogen systems into the energy infrastructure. This includes direct conversion (photoelectrolysis) systems for hydrogen production from sunlight and water, advanced materials for high temperature fuel cell membranes, and corrosion protection for fuel cell metal bipolar plates. Other work involves the study of electrode materials for high-energy-density lithium batteries and fundamental processes of charge transfer at semiconductor electrodes. Dr. Turner’smonolithic photovoltaic-photoelectrochemical device has the highest efficiency for any direct conversion water splitting device (>12 percent). He has twice received the Midwestern Research Institute President’s Award for Exceptional Performance in Research. He has received the Hydrogen Technical Advisory Panel Award for Research Excellence, an Idaho State University Outstanding Achievement Award, and two Outstanding Mentor Awards from the U.S. Department of Energy for his work with undergraduate students. Dr. Turner is the author or coauthor of over 75 peer-reviewed publications in the areas of photoelectrochemistry, fuel cells, batteries, general electrochemistry, and analytical chemistry.
Michael R. Wasielewski received his Ph.D.from the University of Chicago in chemistry, where he carried out his graduate research under the guidance of Leon M. Stock. Following his graduate work, he performed postdoctoral research, first with Ronald Breslow at Columbia University and then with Joseph Katz at the Argonne National Laboratory. Subsequently, Dr. Wasielewski joined the scientific staff of the Argonne National Laboratory, where he rose through the ranks to become a senior scientist and group leader of the Molecular Photonics Group. In 1994 Wasielewski joined the faculty of Northwestern University, where he is now professor of chemistry. He served as chair of the chemistry department from 2001 to 2004.
Wasielewski’s research interests comprise photoinduced electron transfer and charge transport in organic molecules and materials, artificial and natural photosynthesis, self-assembly of nanoscale materials, spin dynamics of multispin organic molecules, materials for molecule-based optoelectronics and spintronics, and time-resolved optical and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. His research has resulted in over 300 publications. Dr. Wasielewski was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1995, and has held numerous distinguished lectureships and fellowships. Among Wasielewski’s recent awards are the 2004 Photochemistry Research Award of the Inter-American Photochemical Society and the 2006 James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry of the American Chemical Society.