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PAPERBACK price:$39.00 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Sign in to download PDF book and chapters Free Resources PDF SUMMARY PDF Report Brief Display this book on your site! Related Titles Solid-Earth Sciences and Society Continental Tectonics Other Related Titles Origin and Evolution of Earth: Research Questions for a Changing Planet (2008) Board on Earth Sciences and Resources (BESR) Citation Manager Export the bibliographic data for this book in your chosen format Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Citation Manager . "References." Origin and Evolution of Earth: Research Questions for a Changing Planet. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008. Please select a format: Page 123   E-mail Share on facebook Facebook Share on delicious Delicious Share on stumbleupon Stumble Share on twitter Twitter More Sharing ServicesMore The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. References Abe, Y., 1993, Physical state of the very early Earth, Lithos, 30, 223–235. Allen, R.M., and H. Kanamori, 2003, The potential for earthquake early warning in southern California, Science, 300, 786–789. Allwood, A.C., M.R. Walter, B.S. Kamber, C.P. Marshall, and I.W. Burch, 2006, Stromatolite reef from the Early Archaean era of Australia, Nature, 441, 714–718. Alvarez, W., 1997, T. Rex and the Crater of Doom, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 236 pp. Alvarez, L.W., W. Alvarez, F. Asaro, and H.V. Michel, 1980, Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction, Science, 208, 1095–1108. Andrews, D.J., 1976, Rupture velocity of plane strain shear cracks, Journal of Geophysical Research, 81, 5679–5687. Asimow, P.D., and C.H. Langmuir, 2003, The importance of water to oceanic mantle melting regimes, Nature, 421, 815–820. Atwater, B.F., 1987, Evidence for great Holocene earthquakes along the outer coast of Washington State, Science, 236, 942–944. Atwater, B.F., S. Musumi-Rokkaku, K. Satake, Y. Tsuji, K. Ueda, and D.K. Yamaguchi, 2005, The Orphan Tsunami of 1700— Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1707, published in association with University of Washington Press, Seattle, 133 pp. Bada, J.L., and A. Lazcano, 2003, Prebiotic soup—Revisiting the Miller experiment, Science, 300, 745–746. Bak, P., C. Tang, and K. Wiesenfeld, 1988, Self-organized criticality, Physical Review A, 38, 364–374. Bambach, R.K., A.H. Knoll, and S.C. Wang, 2004, Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity, Paleobiology, 30, 522–542. Banfield, J.F., and H.Z. Zhang, 2001, Nanoparticles in the environment, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 44, 1–58. Banfield, J.F., S.A. Welch, H. Zhang, T. Thomsen Ebert, and R.L. Penn, 2000, Aggregation-based crystal growth and microstructure development in natural iron oxyhydroxide biomineralization products, Science, 289, 751–754. Barlow, L.K., J.P. Sadler, A.E.J. Ogilvie, P.C. Buckland, T. Amorosi, J.H. Ingimundarson, P. Skidmore, A.J. Dugmore, and T.H. McGovern, 1997, Interdisciplinary investigations of the Norse western settlement in Greenland, The Holocene, 7, 489–499. Barron, E.J., and W.M. Washington, 1982, Cretaceous climate: A comparison of atmospheric simulations with the geologic record, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 40, 103–133. Basilevsky, A.T., and J.W. Head, 2006, Impact craters on regional plains on Venus: Age relations with wrinkle ridges and implications for the geological evolution of Venus, Journal of Geophysical Research—Planets, 111, E03006. Beck, S., S. Barrientos, E. Kausel, and M. Reyes, 1998, Source characteristics of historic earthquakes along the central Chile subduction zone, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 11, 115–129. Bekker, A., H.D. Holland, P.L. Wang, D. Rumble, H.J. Stein, J.L. Hannah, L.L. Coetzee, and N.J. Beukes, 2004, Dating the rise of atmospheric oxygen, Nature, 427, 117–120. Bennett, V.C., 2003, Compositional evolution of the mantle, in The Mantle and Core, Treatise on Geochemistry, 2, R.W. Carlson, ed., Elsevier-Pergamon, Oxford, pp. 493–519. Benton, M.J., and B.C. Emerson, 2007, How did life become so diverse? The dynamics of diversification according to the fossil record and molecular phylogenetics, Palaeontology, 50, 23–40. Bentov, S., and J. Erez, 2006, Impact of biomineralization processes on the Mg content of foraminiferal shells: A biological perspective, Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7, Q01P08. Bercovici, D., and S. Karato, 2002, Theoretical analysis of shear localization in the lithosphere, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 51, 387–420. Bernatowicz, T.J., S. Messenger, O. Pravdivtseva, P. Swan, and R.M. Walker, 2003, Pristine presolar silicon carbide, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67, 4679–4691. Berner, R.A., 2006, GEOCARBSULF: A combined model for Phanerozoic atmospheric O2 and CO2, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 5653–5664. Berner, R.A., and Z. Kothavala, 2001, GEOCARB III: A revised model of atmospheric CO2 over Phanerozoic time, American Journal of Science, 301, 182–204. Berner, R.A., A.C. Lasaga, and R.M. Garrels, 1983, The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years, American Journal of Science, 283, 641–683. Page 123 Front Matter (R1-R12) Summary (1-6) 1 Origins (7-34) 2 Earth's Interior (35-70) 3 A Habitable Planet (71-94) 4 Hazards and Resources (95-122) References (123-132) Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members (133-136) Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations (137-138)

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Origin and Evolution of Earth: Research Questions for a Changing Planet References Abe, Y., 1993, Physical state of the very early Earth, Lithos, 30, 223–235. Allen, R.M., and H. Kanamori, 2003, The potential for earthquake early warning in southern California, Science, 300, 786–789. Allwood, A.C., M.R. Walter, B.S. Kamber, C.P. Marshall, and I.W. Burch, 2006, Stromatolite reef from the Early Archaean era of Australia, Nature, 441, 714–718. Alvarez, W., 1997, T. Rex and the Crater of Doom, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 236 pp. Alvarez, L.W., W. Alvarez, F. Asaro, and H.V. Michel, 1980, Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction, Science, 208, 1095–1108. Andrews, D.J., 1976, Rupture velocity of plane strain shear cracks, Journal of Geophysical Research, 81, 5679–5687. Asimow, P.D., and C.H. Langmuir, 2003, The importance of water to oceanic mantle melting regimes, Nature, 421, 815–820. Atwater, B.F., 1987, Evidence for great Holocene earthquakes along the outer coast of Washington State, Science, 236, 942–944. Atwater, B.F., S. Musumi-Rokkaku, K. Satake, Y. Tsuji, K. Ueda, and D.K. Yamaguchi, 2005, The Orphan Tsunami of 1700— Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1707, published in association with University of Washington Press, Seattle, 133 pp. Bada, J.L., and A. Lazcano, 2003, Prebiotic soup—Revisiting the Miller experiment, Science, 300, 745–746. Bak, P., C. Tang, and K. Wiesenfeld, 1988, Self-organized criticality, Physical Review A, 38, 364–374. Bambach, R.K., A.H. Knoll, and S.C. Wang, 2004, Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity, Paleobiology, 30, 522–542. Banfield, J.F., and H.Z. Zhang, 2001, Nanoparticles in the environment, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 44, 1–58. Banfield, J.F., S.A. Welch, H. Zhang, T. Thomsen Ebert, and R.L. Penn, 2000, Aggregation-based crystal growth and microstructure development in natural iron oxyhydroxide biomineralization products, Science, 289, 751–754. Barlow, L.K., J.P. Sadler, A.E.J. Ogilvie, P.C. Buckland, T. Amorosi, J.H. Ingimundarson, P. Skidmore, A.J. Dugmore, and T.H. McGovern, 1997, Interdisciplinary investigations of the Norse western settlement in Greenland, The Holocene, 7, 489–499. Barron, E.J., and W.M. Washington, 1982, Cretaceous climate: A comparison of atmospheric simulations with the geologic record, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 40, 103–133. Basilevsky, A.T., and J.W. Head, 2006, Impact craters on regional plains on Venus: Age relations with wrinkle ridges and implications for the geological evolution of Venus, Journal of Geophysical Research—Planets, 111, E03006. Beck, S., S. Barrientos, E. Kausel, and M. Reyes, 1998, Source characteristics of historic earthquakes along the central Chile subduction zone, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 11, 115–129. Bekker, A., H.D. Holland, P.L. Wang, D. Rumble, H.J. Stein, J.L. Hannah, L.L. Coetzee, and N.J. Beukes, 2004, Dating the rise of atmospheric oxygen, Nature, 427, 117–120. Bennett, V.C., 2003, Compositional evolution of the mantle, in The Mantle and Core, Treatise on Geochemistry, 2, R.W. Carlson, ed., Elsevier-Pergamon, Oxford, pp. 493–519. Benton, M.J., and B.C. Emerson, 2007, How did life become so diverse? The dynamics of diversification according to the fossil record and molecular phylogenetics, Palaeontology, 50, 23–40. Bentov, S., and J. Erez, 2006, Impact of biomineralization processes on the Mg content of foraminiferal shells: A biological perspective, Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7, Q01P08. Bercovici, D., and S. Karato, 2002, Theoretical analysis of shear localization in the lithosphere, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 51, 387–420. Bernatowicz, T.J., S. Messenger, O. Pravdivtseva, P. Swan, and R.M. Walker, 2003, Pristine presolar silicon carbide, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67, 4679–4691. Berner, R.A., 2006, GEOCARBSULF: A combined model for Phanerozoic atmospheric O2 and CO2, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 5653–5664. Berner, R.A., and Z. Kothavala, 2001, GEOCARB III: A revised model of atmospheric CO2 over Phanerozoic time, American Journal of Science, 301, 182–204. Berner, R.A., A.C. Lasaga, and R.M. Garrels, 1983, The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years, American Journal of Science, 283, 641–683.

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