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Review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership
Passenger Car and Light-Duty Truck
Federal Emission Standards
The Tier 2 federal passenger car emission standards, phased in beginning with the 2004 model year, are listed in Table D-1. For the first time since the enactment of emission standards in the United States, the same standards are to be applied to both passenger cars and light-duty trucks. EPA created a “bin” system, with eight emission standard bins, that allows manufacturers to average emissions across their fleets each year. The passenger car (PC), LDT1, LDT2, LDT3, and LDT4 fleet average NOx requirement is 0.07 (g/mi) at 120,000 miles for model year 2009 and beyond. The standards listed are the emission limits at “full useful life” of 120,000 miles.
California Emission Standards
California’s Low Emission Vehicle II (LEV II) standards were introduced for 2004 and subsequent model years. These standards for all passenger cars and light-duty trucks under 8,500 lb are listed in Table D-2. California categorizes the standards as LEV, Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV), and Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (SULEV) standards. The manufacturer selects the appropriate category for each vehicle line so that the fleet average NMOG meets the CARB mandated fleet average, which deceases with each model year through 2010.
Heavy-Duty Engine Emission Standards
The federal emissions standards for highway trucks were harmonized with California standards beginning in the model year 2004. The emission standards that apply to model year
TABLE D-1 Federal Tier 2 Light-Duty Vehicle Emission Standards: Emission Limits at Full Useful Life of 120,000 Miles
Bin
Vehicle Class
Mandatory for Model Year 2009 and Beyond
NMOG (g/mi)
CO (g/mi)
NOx (g/mi)
PM (g/mi)
Mileage Requirement
8
PC/LDT1/2
0.125
4.2
0.2
0.02
120,000
LDT3/4/MDPV
0.156
4.2
0.2
0.02
120,000
7
All
0.09
4.2
0.15
0.02
120,000
6
All
0.09
4.2
0.1
0.01
120,000
5
All
0.09
4.2
0.07
0.01
120,000
4
All
0.07
2.1
0.04
0.01
120,000
3
All
0.055
2.1
0.03
0.01
120,000
2
All
0.01
2.1
0.02
0.01
120,000
1
All
0
0
0
0
120,000
NOTE: ALVW, adjusted load vehicle weight, average of curb (empty) weight and the GVWR; GVWR, gross vehicle weight rating, maximum fully loaded vehicle weight; LVW, loaded vehicle weight, nominal empty vehicle weight + 300 lb; LDT1, light-duty truck 1, up to 6,000 lb GVWR and 3,750 lb LVW; LDT2, light-duty truck 2, up to 6,000 lb GVWR and between 3,751 and 5,750 lb LVW; LDT3, light-duty truck 3, between 6,001 and 8,500 lb GVWR and between 3,751 and 5,750 lb ALVW; LDT4, light-duty truck 4, between 6,001 and 8,500 lb GVWR and over 5,750 lb ALVW; MDPV, medium-duty passenger vehicle, trucks between 8,501 and 10,000 lb GVWR; PC, passenger car.
TABLE D-2 Current California LEV II Light-Duty Vehicle Emission Standards
NOTE: ALVW, adjusted load vehicle weight, average of curb (empty) weight and GVWR; GVWR, gross vehicle weight rating, maximum fully loaded vehicle weight; LDT, light-duty truck; MDV, medium-duty vehicle; PC, passenger car. Other acronyms in the table are defined in Appendix E.
aOptional 150,000 mileage durability requirement for partial zero emission vehicle.
