. "3 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ADULT TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY." Gulf War and Health: Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2008.
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Gulf War and Health, Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury
TABLE 3.2 US TBI Incidence Studies: Case Identification, Data Source, and TBI Severity Scoring
Reference
Year(s)of Data
Location
Case Definition and Data Source
TBI Severity Criteria and Scoring
Annegers et al., 1980
1935 to 1974
Olmstead County, MN
Record linkage with head injury, with concussion, with LOC, PTA, neurological signs of brain injury or skull fracture concussion, with LOC, PTA, neurologicsigns of TBI
Fatal: (< 28 days); Severe: intracranial hematoma, contusion or LOC > 24 hours, or PTA > 24 hours; Moderate: LOC or PTA 30 minutes to 24 hours, skull fracture, or both; Mild: LOC or PTA < 30 minutes without skull fracture
Klauber et al., 1981
1978
San Diego County, CA
ICDA-8 Codes 800, 801, 804 806, and 850–854 with hospital admission diagnosis or cause of death with skull fracture, LOC, PTA neurological
GCS of 3, 4–5, 6–7, 8–15
Rimel, 1981
1977 to 1979
Central Virginia
CNS referral patients with significant head injury admitted to neurosurgical service unit. Prehospital deaths from medical examiner
Patients within defined service area with overnight stay, and documented head injuries
Not reported
Kraus et al., 1984
1981
San Diego County, CA
Physician-diagnosed physical damage from acute mechanical energy exchange resulting in concussion, hemorrhage, contusion, or laceration of brain
Modified GCS: severe ≤ 8; moderate = 9–11; plus hospital stay of 4–8 hours and brain surgery, or abnormal CT, or GCS 9–12; mild = all others, GCS 13–15
Whitman et al., 1984
1979 to 1980
Inner city Chicago and Evanston, IL
Any hospital discharge diagnosis of ICD-9-CM 800–804, 830, 850–854, 873, 920, 959. Injury within 7 days prior to hospital visit and blow to head/face with LOC, or laceration of scalp or forehead
(1) Fatal; (2) Severe = intracranial hematoma, LOC /PTA > 24 hours contusion; (3) Moderate + LOC or PTA 30 minutes to < 24 hours; (4) Mild + LOC or PTA < 30 minutes; (5) Trivial + remainder
Fife et al., 1986
1979 to 1980
Rhode Island
All admissions to Rhode Island hospitals Professional Activities Study (PAS) using ICD-9 codes 800–801.9, 803–804.9, 850–854.9
Severity not evaluated
Fife, 1987
1977 to 1981
US
US National Health Interview Survey translated rates ICD codes 800–801.9, 803–803.9, 850–854.9
