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Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review - 2008 (2008)

Chapter: Appendix G: Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP

« Previous: Appendix F: Performance Measures
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP." National Research Council. 2008. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review - 2008. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12469.
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Page 307
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP." National Research Council. 2008. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review - 2008. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12469.
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Page 308
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP." National Research Council. 2008. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review - 2008. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12469.
×
Page 309
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP." National Research Council. 2008. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review - 2008. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12469.
×
Page 310
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP." National Research Council. 2008. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review - 2008. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12469.
×
Page 311
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP." National Research Council. 2008. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review - 2008. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12469.
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Page 312

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Appendix G Interim Restoration Goals for the CERP 1. Northern Estuaries Region 1.1 American Oysters in Northern Estuaries   • Increase the areal coverage of American oysters in the Caloosahatchee, St. Lucie and Loxahatchee Estuaries, and the Lake Worth Lagoon 1.2 Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in Northern Estuaries   • Increase the areal coverage and improve the functionality of submerged aquatic vegetation in the northern estuaries 1.3 Flows to the Northern Estuaries   • Reduce high-volume flows (monthly average flows in excess of 2,800 cfs) to the Caloosahatchee Estuary and low-volume flows (monthly flows from October to July below 450 cfs) as measured at the S-79 structure   • Reduce high-volume flows (monthly average flows in excess of 2,000 cfs) to the St. Lucie Estuary and low-volume flows (monthly flows below 350 cfs) as measured using the combined flows from the S-80, S-49 and S-97 structures   • Reduce high-volume flows (flows in excess of 500 cfs daily over a 7-day mov- ing average) to the Lake Worth Lagoon as measured at the S-155 structure 2. Lake Okeechobee Region 2.1 Lake Okeechobee Phosphorus   • Reduce phosphorus concentrations in Lake Okeechobee 2.2 Water Levels in Lake Okeechobee   • Reduce the frequency of both harmful high water stages above 17 feet and harmful stages above 15 feet occurring for longer than 12 consecutive months 307

308 Appendix G   • Reduce the frequency of harmful low stages below 11 feet   • Increase the frequency of natural spring recession events, i.e., stage decline from approximately 15.5 feet in January to approximately 12.5 feet in June 2.3 Lake Okeechobee Algal Blooms   • Reduce the frequency of harmful algal blooms in Lake Okeechobee 2.4 Lake Okeechobee Aquatic Vegetation   • Increase the areal coverage of desirable native vegetation in Lake Okeechobee 3. Everglades Region 3.1 Water Volume   • Distribute water across the ecosystem in a manner that reflects natural con- ditions while providing for other water-related needs of the region 3.2 Sheet Flow   • Establish more historic magnitudes and directions of sheet flow in the natural areas of the Everglades 3.3 Hydropattern   • Restore the natural timing and pattern of inundation throughout the eco- logical communities of South Florida, including sawgrass plains, ridge and slough and marl marshes 3.4 System-Wide Spatial Extent of Natural Habitat   • Increase spatial extent of natural habitat 3.5 Everglades Total Phosphorus   • Achieve water column phosphorus concentrations of 10 micrograms per liter in the Everglades 3.6 Periphvton Mat Cover, Structure and Composition   • Restore periphyton mat cover, structure and composition that were character- istic of the spatially distinct hydroperiods (short and long hydroperiods) and low nutrient conditions in the greater Everglades wetland communities 3.7 Ridge and Slough Pattern   • Restore the historical ridge and slough landscape directionality and pattern

Appendix G 309 3.8 Everglades Tree Islands   • Improve tree island health and maintain healthy tree islands 3.9 Aquatic Fauna Regional Populations in Everglades Wetlands   • Increase the abundance of fish to levels that approximate those predicted for pre-drainage conditions 3.10 American Alligator   • Restore more natural numbers and distribution patterns for alligators across South Florida's major freshwater and estuarine landscapes 3.11 System-wide Wading Bird Nesting Pattern   • Increase the total number of nesting pairs in the Everglades   • Increase the percentage of wading bird pairs nesting in estuarine locations   • Increase the frequency of super colony events   • Establish conditions that encourage wood storks to initiate nesting earlier in winter 3.12 Snail Kite   • Increase the areal extent of suitable foraging habitat for snail kites 3.13 Flows to Northern Boundaries of the Water Conservation Areas   • Provide more natural surface water flows to the northern boundaries of the water conservation areas 3.14 Flows to Everglades National Park   • Provide more natural surface water flows to Everglades National Park 4. Southern Estuaries Region 4.1 Salinity Patterns in Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay   • Reduce the intensity, duration, frequency and spatial extent of high salinity events, reestablish low salinity conditions in mainland nearshore areas, and reduce the frequency of and rapidity of salinity fluctuations resulting from pulse releases of fresh water from canals 4.2 Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in Southern Estuaries   • Reestablish a diverse seagrass community with moderate plant densities and more natural seasonality, and increase the percentage of Florida Bay having suitable habitat for seagrass growth

310 Appendix G 4.3 Juvenile Shrimp Densities in Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay   • Increase densities of juvenile shrimp within the various basins of Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay 4.4 American Crocodile   • Increase the frequency of salinities less than 20 parts per thousand in Florida Bay to foster optimal growth and survival of juvenile crocodiles 4.5 Florida Bay Algal Blooms   • Minimize the magnitude, duration and spatial extent of algal blooms in Florida Bay 4.6 Freshwater Flows to Florida Bay   • Increase freshwater flows to Florida Bay 4.7 Freshwater Flows to Biscayne Bay   • Increase freshwater flows to Biscayne Bay 5. System-wide Water Volume 5.1 Quantity of Freshwater Lost to Tide   • Reduce the quantity of fresh water lost to tide 6. Predicted Plan Capability The following provides a qualitative interim goal statement for surface water s ­ torage capacity, stormwater treatment areas and wetland/natural areas restora­ tion, along with incremental performance predictions for the end of 2010 and 2015 based on the best available information regarding: (1) project costs; (2) future federal and state budgets for the Plan; and (3) schedules for comple- tion of Project Implementation Reports, obtaining project authorizations, and executing Project Cooperation Agreements.   • Provide increased surface water storage capacity o 2010—60,000 acre-feet o 2015—430,000 acre-feet   • Provide increased water quality treatment capacity through additional STAs o 2010—5,000 acres of additional STA o 2015—10,000 acres of additional STA

Appendix G 311   • Increase spatial extent of wetlands/natural areas o 2010—15,000 acres of restored or enhanced wetlands/natural areas o 2015—70,000 acres of restored or enhanced wetlands/natural areas SOURCE: USACE et al. (2007).

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This book is the second biennial evaluation of progress being made in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), a multibillion-dollar effort to restore historical water flows to the Everglades and return the ecosystem closer to its natural state. Launched in 2000 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water Management District, CERP is a multiorganization planning process that includes approximately 50 major projects to be completed over the next several decades.

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review 2008 concludes that budgeting, planning, and procedural matters are hindering a federal and state effort to restore the Florida Everglades ecosystem, which is making only scant progress toward achieving its goals. Good science has been developed to support restoration efforts, but future progress is likely to be limited by the availability of funding and current authorization mechanisms. Despite the accomplishments that lay the foundation for CERP construction, no CERP projects have been completed to date. To begin reversing decades of decline, managers should address complex planning issues and move forward with projects that have the most potential to restore the natural ecosystem.

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