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OCR for page R1
Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System
A Letter Report
Committee on Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System
Food and Nutrition Board
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu
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Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This study was supported by Contract No. AG-3A94-C-08-0018/AG-3A94-D-08-0258 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.
Additional copies of this report are available from the
National Academies Press,
500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu.
For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the IOM home page at: www.iom.edu.
Copyright 2009 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.
Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2009. Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
“Knowing is not enough; we must apply.
Willing is not enough; we must do.”
—Goethe
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advising the Nation. Improving Health.
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Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
www.national-academies.org
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Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
COMMITTEE ON REVIEW OF THE USE OF PROCESS CONTROL INDICATORS IN THE FSIS PUBLIC HEALTH RISK-BASED INSPECTION SYSTEM
SANFORD A. MILLER (Chair),
Center for Food, Nutrition, and Agriculture Policy, University of Maryland
GARY R. ACUFF,
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University
ROBERT L. BUCHANAN,
Center for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland
MICHAEL P. DOYLE,
Center for Food Safety, University of Georgia
JOHN J. MAURER,
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Georgia
CRAIG A. REED,
Large Animal Clinical Sciences, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine
STEVEN C. RICKE,
Department of Food Science, University of Ar-kansas
JULIANA M. RUZANTE,
Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, University of Maryland
ROBERT TAUXE,
Division of Foodborne, Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Consultant
KERRI B. HARRIS,
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University
Study Staff
MARIA ORIA, Study Director
ALICE VOROSMARTI, Research Associate
GUI LIU, Senior Program Assistant
GERALDINE KENNEDO, Administrative Assistant
ANTON L. BANDY, Financial Associate
LINDA D. MEYERS, Director,
Food and Nutrition Board
HILARY RAY, Editor
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Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
Russ Flowers, Silliker Corp.
Randy Huffman, Maple Leaf Foods
Lee-Ann Jaykus, Departments of Food Science and Microbiology, North Carolina State University
Dale L. Morse, New York State Department of Health
Donald Schaffner, Center for Advanced Food Technology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Jim E. Riviere, Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, College of Veterinary Medicine at North Carolina State University, and Harley W. Moon, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Professor Emeritus, Iowa State University. Appointed by the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine, they were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
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Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
Contents
Summary
1
Charge to the Committee
4
Background
6
Overall Findings and Recommendations
8
Findings and Recommendations on Specific Process Indicators
23
Other Potential Indicators of Process Control
53
Conclusion
56
APPENDIXES
A Meeting Agendas
61
B Levels of Inspection
65
C Acronyms
71
D Glossary
73
E Biographical Sketches of Committee Members
83
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Review of the Use of Process Control Indicators in the FSIS Public Health Risk-Based Inspection System: A Letter Report
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