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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue
Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Glenn Schweitzer and Merc Fox, Editors
Office for Central Europe and Eurasia Development, Security, and Cooperation
Policy and Global Affairs
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
In cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number 13: 978-0-309-13757-7
International Standard Book Number 10: 0-309-13757-8
A limited number of copies are available from the Office for Central Europe and Eurasia, National Research Council, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20001; (202) 334-2376.
Additional copies of this report are available from the
National Academies Press,
500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu.
Copyright 2009 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
www.national-academies.org
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Preface
In June 1999, the presidents of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the Russian Academy of Sciences agreed that a joint project on combating especially dangerous crimes, particularly terrorism, would be of considerable interest to both Russian and American specialists in a variety of fields. The president of the NAS requested the president of the National Academy of Engineering to assume responsibility for developing and implementing the project. Representatives of the Institute of Medicine became involved in the project shortly thereafter.
During the eight years that followed, several inter-academy planning meetings and four inter-academy workshops were held on various aspects of countering terrorism. The workshops were carried out under the leadership of Siegfried Hecker of Stanford University and Yevgeny Velikhov of Kuzchatov Institute of Atomic Energy. Site visits to relevant Russian government offices and facilities involved in countering terrorism followed each of the workshops. The Carnegie Corporation of New York provided generous financial support for these activities. Proceedings of the workshops have been published as follows:
High Impact Terrorism: Proceedings of a Russian-American Workshop, June 2001, National Academy Press, 2002
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Terrorism—Reducing Vulnerabilities and Improving Responses: U.S.-Russian Workshop Proceedings, March 2003, The National Academies Press, 2004
Countering Urban Terrorism in Russia and the United States: Proceedings of a Workshop, January 2005, The National Academies Press, 2006
Countering Terrorism—Biological Agents, Transportation Networks, and Energy Systems: Summary of a U.S.-Russian Workshop, March 2007, The National Academies Press, 2009
This volume is a compilation of a number of the Russian papers included in the aforementioned proceedings. It should be of interest to U.S. specialists as well as to specialists from other countries who are working in the field of counter-terrorism, but who may not have ready access to the information that is presented. As demonstrated in the papers, Russia has been and should continue to be an important participant in global efforts to combat terrorism domestically and internationally.
The papers are organized according to the workshops where they were presented. The proceedings for each of the workshops contain additional Russian papers, all of the American papers, and reports of working groups, and can be found online at www.nap.edu.
Glenn Schweitzer, Director
Office for Central Europe and Eurasia
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Contents
Papers from High Impact Terrorism: Proceedings of a Russian-American Workshop (2002)
Cooperation Among Ministries of Internal Affairs of CIS Member States in the Fight Against Terrorism and Other Manifestations of Extremism
Igor L. Dimitrov
3
Russian Legislation and the Struggle Against Terrorism
Mikhail P. Kireev
9
Selected Technologies and Procedures Intended to Restrict Unauthorized Access to Explosives
Bronislav V. Matseevich
19
Bioterrorism: A View from the Side
Oleg S. Morenkov
23
Electromagnetic Terrorism
Yury V. Parfyonov
31
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Russian Legislation and the Fight Against Terrorism
Viktor E. Petrishchev
35
Could Terrorists Produce Low-Yield Nuclear Weapons?
Stanislav Rodionov
47
Problems of Biological Security in Agriculture
Georgy A. Safonov and Vladimir A. Gavrilov
51
International Centers as a Basis for Controlling Infectious Disease and Countering Bioterrorism
Lev S. Sandakhchiev (Deceased), Sergey V. Netesov, and Raisa A. Martynyuk
61
The Role of Internal Affairs Agencies in Efforts to Fight Terrorism Under High-Technology Conditions
Oleg A. Stepanov
71
Papers from Terrorism—Reducing Vulnerabilities and Improving Responses: U.S.-Russian Workshop Proceedings (2004)
Analysis of the Threats and Consequences of Terrorist Acts in Urban Settings: Outline of a Protection System
Vladimir Z. Dvorkin
81
Lessons Learned from the Nord-Ost Terrorist Attack in Moscow from the Standpoint of Russian Security and Law Enforcement Agencies
Yevgeny A. Kolesnikov
93
Technical Protection of Electronic Documents in Computer Systems
Valery A. Konyavsky
103
International Aspects of Creating a State System for Countering the Illegal Circulation of Radioactive Materials in the Russian Federation
Vladimir M. Kutsenko
115
Computer Security Training for Professional Specialists and Other Personnel Associated with Preventing and Responding to Computer Attacks
Anatoly A. Malyuk, Nikolai S. Pogozhin, and Aleksey I. Tolstoy
119
Medical Aspects of Combating Acts of Bioterrorism
Gennady G. Onishchenko
129
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Certain Aspects Regarding the Development of Conditions Favorable to Cyberterrorism and the Main Areas of Cooperation in the Struggle Against It
Igor A. Sokolov and Vladimir I. Budzko
133
The Role of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs in Combating Terrorism in Urban Conditions
Sergey A. Starostin
141
The Role of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations and Executive Branch Agencies of the City of Moscow in Dealing with Emergency Situations Arising from Acts of Terrorism
Aleksandr M. Yeliseev
153
Papers from Countering Urban Terrorism in Russia and the United States: Proceedings of a Workshop (2006)
Unauthorized Use of Radiation Sources: Measures to Prevent Attacks and Mitigate Consequences
Leonid Bolshov, Rafael Arutyunyan, Elena Melikhova, and Oleg Pavlovsky
161
Special Characteristics of Firefighting in Urban Areas
Nikolay P. Kopylov
179
On the Events in Beslan
Gennady Kovalenko
199
Terrorist Acts in Moscow: Experience and Lessons in Eliminating Their Consequences
Aleksandr Yu. Kudrin
215
Methodology for Assessing the Risks of Terrorism
Nikolay A. Makhutov
221
Cybercrime and the Training of Specialists to Combat It in Russia
Nikolay V. Medvedev
237
On Efforts to Counter International Terrorism in the Russian Federation and Possible Areas of U.S.-Russian Cooperation in this Area
Valentin A. Sobolev
247
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Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops
Efforts of Russian Ministries in Implementing Measures to Prevent Acts of Terrorism
Sergey G. Vasin
257
Papers from Countering Terrorism—Biological Agents, Transportation Networks, and Energy Systems: Summary of a U.S.-Russian Workshop (2009)
Electromagnetic Terrorism: Threat to the Security of the State Infrastructure
Vladimir Ye. Fortov and Yury V. Parfyonov
271
Use of Predictive Modeling Packages for Effective Emergency Management
Nikolai P. Kopylov and Irek R. Khasanov
275
Organizational Measures and Decision Support Systems for Preventing and Responding to Terrorist Acts at Potentially Hazardous Facilities, on Transportation Systems, and in Locations Where Large Numbers of People Congregate
A. Yu. Kudrin, A. I. Zaporozhets, and S. A. Kachanov
289
International and National Priorities in Combating Terrorism in the Transportation Sector
Vladimir N. Lopatin
297
Characteristics of Technological Terrorism Scenarios and Impact Factors
Nikolai A. Makhutov, Vitaly P. Petrov, and Dmitry O. Reznikov
305
Emerging Viral Infections in the Asian Part of Russia
Sergei V. Netesov and Natalya A. Markovich
323
Activities of the Russian Federal Medical-Biological Agency Related to Radiation, Chemical, and Biological Security
Vladimir V. Romanov
339
The Problem of Oil and Natural Gas Pipeline Supply
Sergei G. Serebryakov
343
