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The Swine Flu Affair: Decision-Making on a Slippery Disease (1978)

Chapter: Appendix B: Terms and Organizations

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Terms and Organizations." National Research Council. 1978. The Swine Flu Affair: Decision-Making on a Slippery Disease. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Page 102
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Terms and Organizations." National Research Council. 1978. The Swine Flu Affair: Decision-Making on a Slippery Disease. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Page 103

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B Terms and Organizations Abbreviations The shorthand references used throughout this study are identified as follows (listed alphabetically): ACIP: Advisory Committee on Im- HEW: U.S. Department of Health, munization Practices of the Education and Welfare. Public Health Service (in practice, of CDC). HUD: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. AFEB: Armed Forces Epidemiologi- cal Board, Department of De- NASA: National Aeronautics and fense. Space Administration. AIA: American Insurance Associa- NCHS: National Center for Health tion (casualty insurers), New Statistics, a unit of the Health York, Washington, D.C. and Resources Administration in elsewhere. PHS. AMA: American Medical Associa- NIAID: National Institute of Allergy tion. and Infectious Diseases, Be- thesda, Md., a unit of the Na- BoB: The Bureau of Biologies in tional Institutes of Health in the Food and Drug Admini- HEW. stration, an agency of the Public Health Service (not to NIH: National Institutes of Health, be confused with the initials Bethesda, Md., an agency of of the former name for the the Public Health Service in Office of Management and HEW. Budget). OGC: Office of General Counsel in CDC: Center for Disease Control, the Department of Health, Atlanta, Ga., an agency of the Education and Welfare. Public Health Service. OMB: Office of Management and DoD: U.S. Department of Defense. Budget, a key agency in the Executive Office of the Pres- GAO: U.S. General Accounting Of- ident. fice, an agency of Congress. 102

OSTP: Office of Science and Tech- fare (not to be confused with nology Policy, a new agency the commissioned corps of in the Executive Office of the the same name which staffs President; abolished (under a many positions but by no slightly different name) in means all in that division). 1969, revived in the Fall of 1976. PMA: Pharmaceutical Manufactur- ers Association, Washington, PERT: Program evaluation review D.C. technique. (Originally for weapons-systems.) R&D: Research and Development. PHS: Public Health Service, a ma- VA: Veterans Administration. jor administrative division of the Department of WHO: World Health Organization, Health, Education and Wel- Geneva, Switzerland. 103

Next: Appendix C: Detailed Chronology »
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In 1976, a small group of soldiers at Fort Dix were infected with a swine flu virus that was deemed similar to the virus responsible for the great 1918-19 world-wide flu pandemic. The U.S. government initiated an unprecedented effort to immunize every American against the disease. While a qualified success in terms of numbers reached—more than 40 million Americans received the vaccine—the disease never reappeared. The program was marked by controversy, delay, administrative troubles, legal complications, unforeseen side effects and a progressive loss of credibility for public health authorities. In the waning days of the flu season, the incoming Secretary of what was then the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Joseph Califano, asked Richard Neustadt and Harvey Fineberg to examine what happened and to extract lessons to help cope with similar situations in the future. The result was their report, The Swine Flu Affair: Decision-Making on a Slippery Disease.

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