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Committee on the Review of the Louisiana Coastal Protection and
Restoration (LACPR) Program
Water Science and Technology Board
Ocean Studies Board
Division on Earth and Life Studies
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu
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T HE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the
Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are
drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National
Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the
panel responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences
and with regard for appropriate balance.
Support for this study was provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
under contract no. W912DR-07-C-0022. Any opinions, findings, conclu-
sions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the au-
thor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agen-
cies that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-14103-1
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-14103-6
Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies
Press, 500 5th Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800)
624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet,
http://www.nap.edu.
Copyright 2009 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
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The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating
society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research,
dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the
general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress
in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal gov-
ernment on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president
of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the
charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of out-
standing engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of
its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility
for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering
also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encour-
ages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engi-
neers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineer-
ing.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of
Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions
in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The
Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences
by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon
its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr.
Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of
Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology
with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal
government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the
Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the
National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in
providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engi-
neering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies
and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest
are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
www.national-academies.org
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COMMITTEE ON THE REVIEW OF THE LOUISIANA
COASTAL PROTECTION AND RESTORATION
PROGRAM
ROBERT A. DALRYMPLE, Chairman, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland
JOHN J. BOLAND, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
RAYMOND J. BURBY, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
JOHN T. CHRISTIAN, consulting engineer, Waban, Massachusetts
REGINALD DESROCHES, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
CHARLES G. GROAT, University of Texas, Austin
PHILIP L.-F. LIU, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
RICHARD A. LUETTICH, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
ROBERT H. MEADE, consulting hydrologist, Evergreen, Colorado
JAMES T. MORRIS, University of South Carolina, Columbia
HEIDI NEPF, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
JOAN OLTMAN-SHAY, Northwest Research Associates, Redmond,
Washington
ASBURY H. SALLENGER, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg,
Florida
NRC Staff
JEFFREY JACOBS, Study Director, Water Science and Technology
Board
SUSAN J. ROBERTS, Director, Ocean Studies Board
MICHAEL J. STOEVER, Research Associate, Water Science and
Technology Board
v
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Contents
SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION 6
First Report from the NRC Committee on the Review of the
Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration (LACPR)
Program, 6
2 THE FUTURE COURSE OF ACTION 11
3 KEY SCIENTIFIC, ENGINEERING, AND OTHER
TECHNICAL TOPICS 13
Sustainability of the Coastline, 13
Addressing Scientific Uncertainties in Restoration, 18
Engineering Concepts, 21
Other Technical Issues, 26
4 FUTURE PLANNING AND PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATION FOR COASTAL RESTORATION
AND HURRICANE PROTECTION 33
Adaptive Planning and Implementation, 33
Trade-offs Between Diversions and Navigation, 34
Future Settlement and Induced Development, 35
Constraints of the Current Legislative Setting, 36
REFERENCES 39
APPENDIXES
A Statement of Task 45
B Acknowledgement of Reviewers 47
C Water Science and Technology Board 49
vii
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viii Contents
D Ocean Studies Board 51
E Biographical Sketches for the Committee on the
Review of the Louisiana Coastal Protection and
Restoration Program 53
