School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children

TABLE I-4 Iron Requirement Distribution for 14–18-Year-Old Females (mg/d)

Percentile	0.025	0.05	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.95	0.975
Requirement	4.63	5.06	5.61	6.31	6.87	7.39	7.91	8.43	9.15	10.03	11.54	13.08	14.8
NOTE: mg/d = milligrams/day.

TABLE I-5 Iron Requirement Distribution for 9–13-Year-Old Females (mg/d)

Percentile	0.025	0.05	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.95	0.975
Requirement	3.24	3.6	4.04	4.59	4.98	5.33	5.66	6.0	6.36	6.78	7.38	7.88	8.34
NOTE: mg/d = milligrams/day.

TABLE I-6 Estimated Iron Requirement Distribution for 11–13-Year-Old Females (mg/d)

Percentile	0.025	0.05	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.95	0.975
Requirement	4.18	4.61	5.16	5.86	6.42	6.94	7.46	7.98	8.70	9.58	11.1	12.6	14.35
NOTE: mg/d = milligrams/day.

Table of Contents

Front Matter R1-R14

Summary 1-18

1 Introduction and Background 19-32

2 Foundation for Revising Nutrition Standards and Meal Requirements 33-46

3 Schoolchildren's Food and Nutrient Intakes and Related Health Concerns 47-68

4 Process for Developing the Nutrient Targets 69-90

5 Process for Developing the Meal Requirements 91-106

6 Iterations - Achieving the Best Balance of Nutrition, Student Acceptance, Practicality, and Cost 107-114

7 Recommendations for Nutrient Targets and Meal Requirements for School Meals 115-130

8 Food Cost Implications and Market Effects 131-154

9 Projected Impact of the Recommended Nutrient Targets and Meal Requirements 155-178

10 Implementation, Evaluation, and Research 179-208

11 References 209-220

Appendix A: Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary 221-228

Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members 229-236

Appendix C: Critical Issues for Consideration by the Committee on Nutrition Standards for National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs, as Submitted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture 237-244

Appendix D: January 2009 Workshop Agenda and Summary of Public Comments 245-254

Appendix E: Standards for the Current Food- and Nutrient-Based Menu Planning Approaches 255-258

Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements 259-262

Appendix G: Data Tables Containing Examples of New SNDA-III Analyses 263-268

Appendix H: Uses of MyPyramid Food Groups and the MyPyramid Spreadsheet 269-284

Appendix I: Dietary Intake Data and Calculation of the Target Median Intake for Iron 285-292

Appendix J: Target Median Intake (TMI) Tables 293-296

Appendix K: Use of the School Meals Menu Analysis Program 297-304

Appendix L: Baseline Menus 305-330

Appendix M: Sample Menus 331-362

Appendix N: Evidence Considered Related to the Definition for Whole Grain-Rich Foods 363-366

Appendix O: Comparison of Recommended Nutrient Targets to Various Nutrition Standards for School-Aged Children 367-372

Appendix P: Comparison of Dietary Guidelines for Americans with Recommended Meal Requirements 373-378

Appendix Q: Regulations Related to the Sodium Content of Foods Labeled "Healthy" 379-380